NURS 4006 Nursing Informatics

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NURS 4006Nursing Informatics

• Unit 1
• Computers, Information and Informatics

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The importance of information

• The healthcare of our clients is largely
  dependant on information.
• Every action taken depends on previous
  information and knowledge.
• The delivery of health care requires information
  about
• Science of type of care (nursing)
• Patient or client
• Provider
• Outcomes
• Process and systems for delivery of care

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The importance of information

• The science of type of care (nursing)
• The science of care refers to the scientific
  foundations of the profession that provides
  healthcare.
• Science helps determine the body of knowledge,
  language, and focus of that profession.
• Scientific rationale or evidence provides a
  foundation for decision-making within that
  profession.

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The importance of information

• Patient or client
• Information on the client is required for his/her
  individual care.
• The assessment process consists of gathering
  information.
• The use of technology can assist in collecting
  this information.
• Information on the client can be found in the
  patient record, the patients history, lab
  results.
• Information on the client changes and grows over
  time.

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The importance of information

• Provider
• Information about the provider of care helps
  determine the type of assessment and the focus of
  care given.
• The provider can be an individual professional
  such as a nurse, a physician, a physiotherapist.
• The provider can also be the facility in which
  care is provided such as a public health unit, a
  hospital.

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The importance of information

• Outcomes
• The outcome of treatment and care now requires
  more attention than ever.
• There is a growing interest in ensuring that care
  results in quality outcomes in a cost-efficient
  manner.
• Outcomes can be difficult to measure.
• Technology can assist in measuring because it can
  enhance gathering, analysis and dissemination of
  outcomes.

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The importance of information

• Process and systems for delivery of care
• Information about the process and systems for
  delivery of care assists in deciding on the type
  and the amount of care required.
• This is the tracking on interventions and the
  process used for each intervention.

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The importance of information

• Information about each of these areas have an
  impact on the type and the amount of care given.
• Information must be
• accurate
• timely
• accessible
• understandable

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What is information?

• The structure of information
• Delivered in conversation, handwritten notes,
  stored in a computer.
• Regardless of the form, the same basic principles
  apply to the structure and the use of
  information.
• Words are often used interchangeably to describe
  information.

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What is information?

• The structure of information
• Data discrete entities objectively described,
  without interpretation or context.
• Example 110
• Information data processed into a structured
  form. Data that are interpreted, organized,
  structured and given meaning are referred to as
  information.
• Example When combining 110 with other data, it
  becomes information. Systolic blood pressure of
  110 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 70 mm
  Hg. This information can be captured in a form,
  on a graph on in a report.

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What is information?

• Knowledge synthesized information derived from
  the interpretation of data. It provides a logical
  basis for making decisions.Essential to
  decision-making and to new discoveries.
• Example When the blood pressure reading is
  combined with information about anatomy and
  physiology, pharmacology, pathophysiology,
  knowledge is used to decide about further care
  and treatment.

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The five rights of information

• Information has five rights
• Right information
• Right person
• Right time
• Right place
• Right amount

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What is healthcare informatics?

• With the knowledge of the importance of
  information in healthcare, healthcare informatics
  has become a specialty.
• Healthcare informatics is a combination of
  computer science, healthcare science, information
  science and cognitive science.

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What is healthcare informatics?

• Computer science development, configuration,
  architecture of computer hardware and software.
• Healthcare science body of knowledge on which
  healthcare profession bases their practice. The
  sciences of anatomy, physiology and knowledge
  specific to each profession.
• Information science also includes information
  technology which involves the process of sending
  and receiving information.
• Cognitive science the process of human thinking,
  understanding and remembering.

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What is Nursing informatics (NI)?

• Nursing Informatics (NI) is the application of
  computer science and information science to
  nursing. NI promotes the generation, management
  and processing of relevant data in order to use
  information and develop knowledge that supports
  nursing in all practice domains (Hebert, 2000).

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• Nursing Informatics
• Integrates nursing science, computer science,
  and information science to manage and communicate
  data, information, and knowledge in nursing
  practice.
• Nursing informatics facilitates the integration
  of data, information, and knowledge to support
  clients, nurses, and other providers in their
  decision-making in all roles and settings."  
•    (Staggers Bagley-Thompson, 2002).

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Why is it important?

• Nurses need to develop competencies in
  informatics.
• Informatics enables nurses to use information
  and communications technologies in the
• collection of data,
• use of information
• generation of knowledge to support nursing
  practice

Technology
Nursing
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Why is it important?

• Therefore, NI competencies need to include both
  knowledge and skills required
• to use information and communication technologies
  to enter, retrieve and manipulate data.
• to interpret and organize data into information
  to affect nursing practice.
• to combine information to contribute to knowledge
  development in nursing.

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Using information

• Evidence-based practice leads to
• Determining standards and guidelines
• Guide for decision-making process
• Determines best practice
• Nursing informatics can enable dissemination of
  new knowledge.
• Practitioners update themselves of new
  developments through journals, conferences,
  continuing education sessions.
• The information is varied and copious.
• There is a need to find the relevant evidence in
  a timely way.

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Literature databases

• Provide access to relevant literature and are an
  important research source.
• Usually cover a specific list of periodicals or
  other publications that give the database defined
  boundaries.
• Usually specific to one field such as healthcare,
  social sciences, education.
• The database may be limited to research articles
  or may include newspaper clippings, magazine
  articles.

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Literature databases

• A database provides a controlled, specific and
  systematic way of finding relevant information on
  a specific topic.
• Each entry in a database usually contains an
  article citation, subject heading and a text
  summary known as the abstract.
• It may include the name of the author(s) and the
  full text of the article.

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Obstacles to using information

• There is a need to further emphasize on the
  importance of evidence-based practice.
• There is a need for convenient access to
  literature resources.
• Education to use technology to access and
  retrieve information relevant to clinical
  practice.
• There is a need to instill a information-seeking
  modeling behavior.

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References

• Canadian Nurses Association. (2001). What is
  nursing informatics and why is it so important?
  Nursing Now, 11
• Hebert, M. (2000). A national education strategy
  to develop nursing informatics competencies.
  Canadian Journal of Nursing Leadership 13(2).
• Staggers, N., Bagley Thompson, C. (2002). The
  evolution of definitions for nursing informatics
  A critical analysis and revised definition.
  Journal of the American Medical Informatics
  Association, 9 (3), 255 262.
• Young, K. M. (2000). Informatics for healthcare
  professionals. Philadelphia F.A. Davis Company.