BMSC 705

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BMSC 705 MWF 1-3pm Rich Goodwin (Course
coordinator and Development section Head)
rgoodwin_at_med.sc.edu 733-3313 Building 1
B-17 Department of Developmental Biology and
Anatomy Course syllabus should be hyper linked
to lectors on DBA web page
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Course objective To integrate Biochemistry,
Molecular, and Cellular biology with higher
levels of biological organization in a manner
that is relevant to biomedical research. Rational
e Medical School faculty felt that graduate
students in biomedical science program needed
exposure to medical curriculum. New Course
Growing pains, changes, evolution
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Class organized around seven areas of biomedical
research. Each section head will be responsible
for reading material. Grades The section head
will assign a letter grade for each student which
will be converted to a 4.0 scale. This grade will
be weighted by the percentage of classes for each
section. The weighted section grades will be
added and rounded to the nearest quarter point.
Student evaluations will be conducted at the
end of each section
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Development Section Grading 30 class
participation (attendance/class discussions/paper
presentations) 70 Take home test. Write 3-5 page
response to one of three questions Two papers
will be assigned. One in Syllabus The other is
Erhman et al 1999 lack of regulation in heart
development
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Developmental Big Question Each cell contains
the same genetic information, yet appear,
function in very different ways. Other
developmental questions How do cells
differentiate? How are shapes/forms/patterns
generated? Proliferation, when and if to
stop Apoptosis, when and if to die Evolution, how
much can change without destroying the
developmental program?
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Developmental Definitions
Development
Progressive change
Embryology
Animal development
Teratology
Study of birth defects
Differentiation
Generation of specialized cells or cellular
diversity
Expression of a defined set of genes
Germ cells
Give rise to gametes
Zygote
Fertilized egg
Cleveage
Rapid mitotic division of zygote into smaller
cells called Blastomeres
Blastula
Sphere of cells generated during cleveage
Gastrulation
Process by which cells of the blastula are
rearranged into three germ layers (ectoderm,
mesoderm, endoderm)
Blastopore
Invagination through which cells gastrulate
Protostomes
First mouth at or near blastopore mouth is
formed
Deuterostome
second mouth at or near blastopore anus formed
(hand out)
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Amniote
Animal with an amnion and Amniotic cavity
(fluid-filled)
Egg can be laid on land
Morphogenesis
Generation of shape
Following cells as they develop. (C. elagans)
Cell lineages
Generated by cell lineage studies
Fate map
Potency
The ability of a cell to differentiate.
Totipotent
Cell capable of making all cell types of an animal
Pluripotent and multipotent
Restricted fates
Capable of generating one cell type
Unipotent
Stem cell
Cell capable of self-renewal
Commitment
Restriction of cell fate with two stages

• Specification
• Determination

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Specification Capable of differentiating
autonomonously when placed in a neutral
environment such as a petri dish Determination
Differentiates regardless of environment.
Irreversible in normal development Autonomous
Specification If a cell is removed from an
embryo, it produces the cells it would have if
left in the embryo. Also, the developing embryo
lacks the structures that were removed. This is
Mosaic Development. Acidians, mollusks, annelids.
They are thought to have Morphogenetic
determinants. Conditional Specification Cell
fate depends on enviroment of cells. Regulative
Development.
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Induction interaction between two groups of
cells or tissues in which one group of cells
changes the behavior of the other. The inducing
tissue and the responder tissue. The responder
tissue must be competent to respond. Induction
can be via Paracrine factors such as
morphagens and growth factors Are released from
one cell and received by another close
by. Cell/Matrix interactions The matrix of one
cells induces the responder cell. Cell-cell
induction Cells in physical contact