Patricia Dehmer

1
OFFICE OF SCIENCE
Environmental Energy Research in DOEs Office
of Science
5th annual University-Federal Dialogue on
Environmental and Energy Research and
Education Convened by the Council of
Environmental Deans and Directors (CEDD) and the
Council of Energy Research and Education Leaders
(CEREL)of the National Council for Science and
the Environment (NCSE) 20 April 2009

• Patricia Dehmer
• Deputy Director for Science Programs Acting
  Director
• Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
• Download this talk at http//www.science.doe.gov/S
  C-2/Deputy_Director-speeches-presentations.htm

2
The Administrations Energy Environment Plan

• Within 10 years save more oil than we currently
  import from the Middle East and Venezuela
  combined.
• Put 1 million plug-in hybrid cars cars that can
  get up to 150 miles per gallon on the road by
  2015.
• Generate 10 percent of our electricity from
  renewable sources by 2012, and 25 percent by
  2025.
• Implement an economy-wide, cap-and-trade program
  to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80 by 2050.

http//www.whitehouse.gov/agenda/energy_and_enviro
nment/
3
DOEs Priorities and Goals

• Priority Science and Discovery Invest in
  science to achieve transformational discoveries
• Organize and focus on breakthrough science
• Develop and nurture science and engineering
  talent
• Coordinate DOE work across the department, across
  the government, and globally
• Priority Change the landscape of energy demand
  and supply
• Drive energy efficiency to decrease energy use in
  homes, industry and transportation
• Develop and deploy clean, safe, low carbon energy
  supplies
• Enhance DOEs application areas through
  collaboration with its strengths in Science
• Priority Economic Prosperity Create millions of
  green jobs and increase competitiveness
• Reduce energy demand
• Deploy cost-effective low-carbon clean energy
  technologies at scale
• Promote the development of an efficient, smart
  electricity transmission and distribution network
• Enable responsible domestic production of oil and
  natural gas
• Create a green workforce
• Priority National Security and Legacy Maintain
  nuclear deterrent and prevent proliferation
• Strengthen non-proliferation and arms control
  activities

4
Priority Science and DiscoveryInvest in science
to achieve transformational discoveries

• Focus on transformational science
• Connect basic and applied sciences
• Re-energize the national labs as centers of great
  science and innovation
• Double the Office of Science budget
• Embrace a degree of risk-taking in research
• Create an effective mechanism to integrate
  national laboratory, university, and industry
  activities
• Develop science and engineering talent
• Train the next generation of scientists and
  engineers
• Attract and retain the most talented researchers
• Collaborate universally
• Partner globally
• Support the developing world
• Build research networks across departments,
  government, nation and the globe

5
Key RDD Strategies
Electric Energy Storage
Electricity Distribution
Fuel Switching
End-use Efficiency
Zero-net-emissions Electricity Generation
CCS
Conservation
Fuel Switching
Climate/Environment Impacts
5
Source LLNL 2008 data are based on
DOE/EIA-0384(2006). Credit should be given to
LLNL and DOE.
6
3 DOE Bioenergy Research Centers (25M/year
each)
7
Bioenergy Research Centers (25M/year each)

• BioEnergy Science Center (ORNL)
• Multi-institutional partnership with strategic
  focus on overcoming biomass recalcitrance as
  route to cost-effective cellulosic biofuels
• Goal of Consolidated Bioprocessing
  one-microbe or microbial community approach going
  from plants to fuel
• Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (U.
  W.-Madison, Michigan State U)
• Goal of re-engineering plants to produce more
  starches and oils
• Major research thrust on sustainability of
  biofuels
• Joint BioEnergy Institute (led by LBNL)
• Experimenting with new pretreatment process using
  room temperature ionic liquids
• Beyond cellulosic ethanol re-engineering E.coli
  and yeast to produce hydrocarbons goal of
  green gasoline, diesel, jet fuel

8
Ten Basic Research Needs Workshops

• Basic Research Needs to Assure a Secure Energy
  Future (BESAC)
• Hydrogen Economy
• Solar Energy Utilization
• Superconductivity
• Solid State Lighting
• Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems
• Clean and Efficient Combustion of 21st Century
  Transportation Fuels
• Geosciences Facilitating 21st Century Energy
  Systems
• Electrical Energy Storage
• Catalysis for Energy Applications
• Materials under Extreme Environments

10 workshops 5 years more than 1,500
participants from academia, industry, and DOE
labs
9
Directing Matter and Energy Five Challenges for
Science and the Imagination

• Control the quantum behavior of electrons in
  materials
• Synthesize, atom by atom, new forms of matter
  with tailored properties
• Control emergent properties that arise from the
  complex correlations of atomic and electronic
  constituents
• Synthesize man-made nanoscale objects with
  capabilities rivaling those of living things
• Control matter very far away from equilibrium

10
How Nature Works Design and Control
Technologies for the 21st Century
Technology Maturation Deployment
Applied Research
Grand Challenges Discovery
and Use-Inspired Basic Research How nature
works Materials properties and chemical
functionalities by design

• Basic research for fundamental new understanding
  on materials or systems that may revolutionize or
  transform todays energy technologies
• Development of new tools, techniques, and
  facilities, including those for the scattering
  sciences and for advanced modeling and computation

• Basic research, often with the goal of addressing
  showstoppers on real-world applications in the
  energy technologies

• Research with the goal of meeting technical
  milestones, with emphasis on the development,
  performance, cost reduction, and durability of
  materials and components or on efficient
  processes
• Proof of technology concepts

• Scale-up research
• At-scale demonstration
• Cost reduction
• Prototyping
• Manufacturing RD
• Deployment support

• Controlling materials processes at the level of
  quantum behavior of electrons
• Atom- and energy-efficient syntheses of new forms
  of matter with tailored properties
• Emergent properties from complex correlations of
  atomic and electronic constituents
• Man-made nanoscale objects with capabilities
  rivaling those of living things
• Controlling matter very far away from equilibrium

BESAC BES Basic Research Needs Workshops
BESAC Grand Challenges Panel
DOE Technology Office/Industry Roadmaps
11
New Science for a Secure and Sustainable Energy
Future

• Goals from the final BESAC Report
• Make fuels from sunlight
• Generate electricity without carbon dioxide
  emissions
• Revolutionize energy efficiency and use
• Recommendations
• Work at the intersection of control science and
  complex functional materials.
• Increase the rate of discoveries.
• Establish dream teams of talent, equipped with
  forefront tools, and focused on the most pressing
  challenges to increase the rate of discovery.
• Recruit the best talent through workforce
  development to inspire todays students and young
  researchers to be the discoverers, inventors, and
  innovators of tomorrows energy solutions.

12
Energy Frontier Research Centers (2-5M/year each)
100M in the FY 2009 appropriation and requested
in the outyears as the EFRC base 277M in the FY
2009 Recovery Act for a total investment of
777M over a five-year period.

• EFRCs will pursue collaborative fundamental
  research that addresses both energy challenges
  and science grand challenges in areas such as
• ? Solar Energy Utilization ? Geosciences for
  Nuclear Waste and CO2 Storage
• ? Catalysis for Energy ? Advanced Nuclear Energy
  Systems
• ? Electrical Energy Storage ? Combustion of 21st
  Century Transportation Fuels
• ? Solid State Lighting ? Hydrogen Production,
  Storage, and Use
• ? Superconductivity ? Materials Under Extreme
  Environments
• Other ? Conversion of Biological Feedstock to
  Portable Fuels

13
Timeline of the EFRC Solicitation
Apr 09
July 09
Jan 08
April 08
Oct 08
Jan 09
July 08
Continuing Resolution through 3/6/09
FY2008
FY 2009
2/2008 BES rolled out EFRCs in the FY2009 Budget
Request
7/2008 BES received 251 Letters of Intent
10/2008 BES Received 261 Full Proposals
4/2008 EFRC FOA issued Amended 4/2008 6/2008 9/20
08
BES Conducted Merit Reviews
Secretary Chu Announces the Awards on ?
14
Recovery Act (1.6B) Categories of Support in SC

• Facility Construction Funds accelerate
  completion of a number of ongoing construction
  projects for major scientific user facilities,
  major items of equipment for those facilities,
  and laboratory infrastructure. General Plant
  Projects (GPP) update laboratory infrastructure
  and establish new laboratory research space,
  renovate existing laboratory space, demolish
  inadequate facilities, and improve utility
  systems across SC labs.
• Facility Operations/Infrastructure Funds
  increase operations, experimental support, and
  infrastructure improvements at scientific user
  facilities across SC.
• Research Funds support selected research
  programs across SC and are chosen to minimize
  out-year mortgages. Energy Frontier Research
  Centers are included.
• Computing Funds support advanced networking
  mid-range distributed computing and computation
  partnerships in areas important to DOE energy
  missions.
• Fellowships A program to support graduate
  students and early career scientists is proposed
  by SC.