For National Latino Peace Officers Association. 32nd Annua

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SUICIDE TERROR AN OVERVIEW

• By
• Henry Morgenstern, President,
• Security Solutions International
• For National Latino Peace Officers Association
• 32nd Annual Training Institute and Convention
• Dallas, Texas
• October 29 2005

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Intro Just a few words about SSI

• Training in Counter-Terror using Israeli
  expertise
• Experts in explosives, counter-terror,
  intelligence
• Shin Bet and Israeli Police backgrounds
• More than 250 agencies have attended

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SUICIDE TERROR - AN OVERVIEW OF THE THREAT

• Suicide attack is defined as an operational
  method in which the very act of the attack is
  dependent upon the death of the perpetrator,
  meaning the suicide bomber carries the explosives
  on his body or in a vehicle, and by personal
  choice and with full self-awareness he approaches
  the selected target and blows himself up, or
  deliberately causes an accident where he has no
  chance whatsoever of survival, such as the 9/11
  attack.

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Is this really a problem?

• This is the biggest threat facing the USA today
  Howard Saffir - Former Police Commissioner
• Can it happen in my backyard?
• July 7th London Case study of the problems
  for Law Enforcement

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London July 7th 2005

• Absolutely no Intel warning
• Although Al Qaeda claimed responsibility
  immediately and officially on a broadcast no
  clear evidence of anything but inspiration from
  Al Qaeda
• No previous record on any of the participants
• What can you do to stop this?

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Know your enemy

• These are not crazy people that can be dismissed
• Highly organized
• Careful planning
• Brave, ruthless and internationally organized
• Purposeful weapon that is used for to achieve a
  goal
• No Red lines

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What are their objectives

• Deliver the message we can not be defeated
  Iraq 2005
• We dont need your overwhelming technological
  advantage
• We can instill fear and terror into your
  population, demoralize you, weaken you
  economically and get you to do what we want.

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History of the Weapon

• 1st use Beirut Embassy- April 19th1983
• Carried out by a terrorist driving a van,
  reportedly stolen from the Embassy in June 1982
• The van carried a 2,000-pound load of explosives,
  tearing through the front portion of the seven
  (7) story building
• Killed 63 occupants of the building, 17 of whom
  were Americans.
• 1st Lesson of the use of the weapon?

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What did the Terrorists learn

• A smart bomb capable of inflicting immense damage
• A bomb capable of deciding if it wants to carry
  out its mission, postpone or alter its target at
  the very last minute
• A cheap bomb that can be assembled for relatively
  little money

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Success meant 2nd use

• Bombing of marine barracks, Beirut, October 23,
  1983
• A 12,000-pound bomb destroyed the U.S. compound,
  killing 242 Americans
• U.S. Marines leave Lebanon (1984) realizing
  defeat after the terrorist bombing, Reagan pulls
  the remaining marines out of the Lebanese war.

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TodayThe weapon of choice for many terrorists

• Tamil Tigers 168 attacks to the present
• Other groups
• Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al Aqsa Martyrs
  brigade
• Hezbollah, Chechen,
• Ansar Al Islam, Al Qaeda
• All have one message for the West
• Change your lifestyle, your politics or die

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Types of Terrorists

• Government trained, like the Libyans that brought
  down Pan Am plane in Scotland 1988
• Religious Extremist
• Radical Revolutionaries
• Mercenary Guerilla Groups
• Amateur Vigilantes Tim McVeigh Domestic
  terrorists

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Why do they hate the US

• Cultural War Offended by values
• Presence in the region offends fundamentalist
  values oil is theirs
• Service Woman driving in Saudi Arabia caused a
  riot on the capital when Saudi women saw this and
  decided to drive

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The aim of suicide terror

• Punishment warfare
• Inflicts physical,psychological punishment on
  target
• Inflicts promise of more
• Cannot be deterred
• Creates terror in the mind of target population
  economic chaos

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Not an irrational act well organized..

• Complete recruitment campaign using disaffected
  people of all kinds
• No single profile used to avoid simple detection
• Target selection careful using intelligence
  techniques

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Motives for recruitment

• Revenge or bereavement
• Community Status of the Family
• Deviant Behavior
• Channeling devout behavior to extremist positions
  by incitement at the Mosque

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Recruitment

• It seemed as if everything was going her way.
  Hanadi Jaradat, 29, had a loving and supportive
  family and had just received a job at a law firm
  in Jenin after getting a university law degree.
• The typical profile is wrong
• Bombers are
• Preteen to mid-sixties in age
• Affluent, woman or man, married or unmarried
• Religiously fanatic not necessarily so.

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Finding Suspects

• The usual suspects informants and community
• Does the suspect work alone or is he part of a
  group?
• What is the suspects nationality and what groups
  or modus operandi might they use?
• Being a long-term US citizen should not rule
  anyone out
• Synthesize the information

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Anne-Marie Murphy Case Study of synthesizing
information

• 32 year old Irish Woman worked as a Chamber
  maid at a London Hotel
• Became Pregnant by a Palestinian named Hindawi
• Was asked by him to board an El Al plane to go
  and visit his parents and get their blessing
• Was asked to deliver a package to them that would
  be given to her at the airport
• Red Flags set off detailed search
• Moral of the Story Profiling is not racial

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Terror Cells

• The organization of terror cells is very illusive
  and varies from one group to another this is the
  main challenge for law enforcement.
• There are three main factors in every terror
  organization
• 1- The community base that provides recruits
• 2- Fundraising from legitimate and illegitimate
  source
• 3- The cell leader and his communication with
  national and foreign sources

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Justifications

• The JIHAD Holy War, invoking the Fatwa
  (official Islamic religious ruling) urging Jihad
  against America published in 1998 by Osama bin
  Laden and other Jihad leaders from Egypt,
  Pakistan and Bangladesh the ruling to kill
  the Americans and their allies--civilians and
  military--is an individual duty for every Muslim
  who can do it in any country in which it is
  possible to do it.
• Literature like this will be present at a
  suspects home or safe-house

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Suicide Bomber Preparation

• Indentification of recruit a disciple, a person
  in difficulty, different sexual tendencies
• Recruitment Chosen as a Shahid after close
  observation or else rapid deployment
• Mental preparation for the attack
• Tactical training and bomb training

Training the bomber
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The Bomb

• Variety of materials from improvised explosives
  to Semtex, TNT and worse
• Shrapnel is fixed within the explosive device
• Activation simple battery and detonator set-up.

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Different methods

• Car bomb used heavily now in Iraq- December
  19th 2004
• Truck bomb classified as a WMD Hilton, Taba,
  Egypt Oct.7th 2004
• Boat bombs Consider the Japanese ship here 930
  ft.long carrying gas to Boston
• Consider a Hospital WMD
• An actual attack

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Safety Tables
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Multi-focal attacks

• Popular with terrorists. 1st bomb effects draw in
  first responders
• 2nd or 3rd bombs kill first responders
• 9/11, Bali, Israel, Spain
• Must take precautions

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The Stages of an attack

• Decision making phase
• Intelligence gathering
• Target Selection
• Activation of team

• Go-No Go Decision
• Fully equipped terrorist move to target
• Terrorist attacks point of failure
• Withdrawal of team from site or country

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Recognizing a potential terror attack

• External appearance
• Clothes unsuitable for time of year
• A younger person trying to blend into a crowd
  although he does not belong
• Body language
• Unusual protusions of any kind

• Behavior
• Nervous tension, profuse perspiration
• Walking too slowly or running
• Attempts to steer clear of police or forces
• Repeated checking for something under his clothes
• Nervous, hesitant or extremely agressive

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Recognizing a potential terror attack

• Suspect Equipment large bags, shoulder or hand
  bag,back-pack
• Vehicle recognition
• License plate irregularity
• Sagging rear-end
• Parking for a prolonged period

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What can be done to stop Suicide Terror attacks?

• Preemption and prevention is only real
  alternative
• Stopping an attack very difficult
• Intelligence, Intelligence and Intelligence
• Training all forces
• Developing incident management techniques -
  important

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What can be done

• Stop the funding
• Monitor risk group communities
• Local patrol officers must be familiar with bomb
  making ingredients
• Reinforce critical infrastructure in your area
• Combined forces drills and force integration
• Israel prevented nearly 90 of attacks during the
  last year