Hydro, wind, and other renewables

1
Figure 1. Total energy production in Alberta
Hydro, wind, and other renewables
NGLs
Coalbed methane
Conventional natural gas
Mined and in situ bitumen
Conventional heavy oil
Conventional LM oil
Coal
2
Figure 2
3
Figure 3. same as 3.23
4
Figure 4 same as 5.27. Total gas production in
Alberta

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EUB Prorationing Plan (restricted production)
Major Oil Field Discoveries 1947 Leduc 1948
Redwater 1949 Golden Spike 1952 Bonnie
Glen 1953 Pembina 1957 Swan Hill 1959 Judy
Creek 1959 Swan Hill South 1965 - Rainbow
Major Events Affecting Price 1973 Oil
Embargo 1979 Iranian Revolution 1980 Iran /
Iraq War 1986 OPEC Crumbles 1990 Gulf
War 1998 Asian Econ. Crisis 2001 9 / 11 2003
Iraq War
Export Pipelines 1950 Interprovincial Pipeline
(Enbridge) 1953 Trans Mountain Pipe Line
1938 - Petroleum and Natural Gas
Conservation Board (EUB) created to enforce
production standards
Source Prices - CAPP Statistical Handbook
Figure 5. Alberta Conventional Crude Oil
Production and Price


6
Alberta Oil Sands Project Startup
Great Canadian Oil Sands (Suncor) Startup
Syncrude Startup
Cdn/cubic metre
Figure 6. Alberta mined bitumen and synthetic
crude oil production and price
7
Cdn/cubic metres
Figure 7. Alberta in situ bitumen production and
price


8
Hurricanes Katerina and Rita hit U.S. Gulf Coast
Foothills Pipe Lines built for gas exports to
California and the mid-western U.S.
Late 1998 Northern Border/TCPL expansion 2000
Alliance Pipeline
1956 TransCanada Pipelines built to take Alberta
gas to central Canada and the U.S. after
debate over its charter in Parliament
PGT expansion
Regulated gas price tied to oil prices. Surplus
built up
Surplus gas drives down prices
Price deregulation
Arbitration awards price increase
Gas prices as a by-product of oil production.
Price less than replacement cost
Figure 8. Historical natural gas production and
price
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Figure 9. Sulphur closing inventories in Alberta
and price
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Figure 10. Historical coal production and price
Australian-Japan contract price for thermal coal
( Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource
Economics - ABARE)
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Figure 1.1 OPEC crude basket reference price 2006
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Figure 1.3 Price of WTI at Chicago
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Figure 1.4 Average price of oil at Alberta
wellhead
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Figure 1.5 2006 Average monthly reference prices
of Alberta crudes
Figure 1.5 2006 average monthly reference prices
in Alberta
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Figure 1.7 Average price of natural gas at plant
gate
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Figure 1.8 Alberta Wholesale Electricity Prices
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Figure 1.10 Canadian economic indicators
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Figure 1.11 Alberta real investment
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Figure 2.7. Production of Bitumen in Alberta,
2006 103 m3/d
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Figure 2.8. Alberta crude oil and equivalent
production
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Figure 2.9. Alberta crude bitumen production
31
Production (103 m3/d)
Figure 2.10. Total in situ bitumen production and
producing bitumen wells


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Synthetic Crude Oil
Figure 2.11. Alberta synthetic crude oil
production
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Oil Sands Plants Coke Inventory
Synthetic Crude Oil
Figure 2.14. Alberta oil sands upgrading coke
inventory
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Nonupgraded bitumen removals from Alberta
SCO removals from Alberta
Synthetic Crude Oil
Alberta demand (mainly SCO)
Figure 2.15. Alberta demand and disposition of
crude bitumen and SCO
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Figure 3.1. Remaining established reserves of
crude oil
Heavy
Light-medium
38
Figure 3.2. Annual changes in conventional crude
oil reserves
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Figure 3.3. Annual changes to waterflood reserves
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Remaining reserves (103m3)
Total number of pools (103m3)
Initial reserves (103m3)
Figure 3.4. Distribution of oil reserves by size
41
Figure 3.5. Oil pool size by discovery year
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Figure 3.7. Geological distribution of reserves
of conventional crude oil
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182
157
20
11
1196
488
52
424
Fig. 3.8. Regional distribution of Alberta oil
reserves (106 m3)
78
43
6
21
263
40
45
Figure 3.9. Albertas remaining established oil
Reserves versus cumulative production
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Figure 3.10. Growth in initial established
reservesof crude oil
47

48
21
222
553
392
508
Figure 3.12. Oil wells placed on production,
2006 by modified PSAC area
6
254
Total wells 1956
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Figure 3.13. Initial operating day rates of oil
wells placed on production, 2006 by modified
PSAC area
m3/day/well bbl/day/well
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PSAC 8
PSAC 7
PSAC 5
PSAC 4
PSAC 3
PSAC 2
PSAC 1
Figure 3.14. Conventional crude oil production by
modified PSAC area
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Figure 3.15. Total crude oil production and
producing oil wells


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Figure 3.16. Crude oil well productivity in 2006
53
of total production from oil wells
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Figure 3.17. Total conventional crude oil
production by drilled year

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Texas onshore
Alberta crude oil
Louisiana onshore
Figure 3.18. Comparison of crude oil production
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Figure 3.19. WTI crude oil price and well
activity


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Heavy
Light-medium
Figure 3.20. Alberta daily production of crude oil

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Figure 3.21. Capacity and location of Alberta
refineries
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Crude oil removals from Alberta
Alberta demand
Figure 3.22. Alberta demand and disposition of
crude oil

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Figure 3.23. Alberta supply of crude oil and
equivalent

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Figure 3.24. Alberta crude oil and equivalent
production

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actual forecast
Figure 4.4 Coalbed methane production forecast
from CBM wells
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Figure 5.1. Annual reserves additions and
production of conventional marketable gas
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Figure 5.2. Remaining conventional marketable gas
reserves

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Figure 5.3. New, development, and revisions to
conventional marketable gas reserves

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Total number of pools (106m3)
Remaining reserves (109m3)
Initial reserves (109m3)
Figure 5.5. Distribution of conventional gas
reserves by size
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Figure 5.6. Conventional gas pools by size and
discovery year
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Figure 5.7. Geological distribution of
conventional marketable gas reserves

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Figure 5.8. Remaining conventional marketable
reserves of sweet and sour gas
Sweet natural gas
Sour natural gas

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Figure 5.9. Expected recovery of conventional
natural gas components

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Figure 5.11. Conventional gas ultimate potential
Remaining reserves
Production
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Figure 5.13. Conventional gas in place by
geological period

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Figure 5.15. Successful conventional gas wells
drilled and connected

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of total production
2
4
3
12
4
20
39
6
10
Connection year
Figure 5.18. Marketable gas production by
modified PSAC area
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Figure 5.19. Conventional marketable gas
production and number of producing wells
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Figure 5.20. Natural gas well productivity in 2006
85
of total production from gas wells
3
Connection year
Figure 5.21 Raw gas production by connection year

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Texas onshore
Louisiana onshore
Alberta
Figure 5.22. Comparison of raw natural gas
production
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Figure 5.23 Average initial natural gas well
productivity
in Alberta
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Figure 5.24. Alberta natural gas well activity
and price
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Figure 5.25. Conventional marketable gas
production
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Figure 5.26. Gas production from bitumen
upgrading and bitumen wells used for oil sands
operations

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Figure 5.27. Total gas production in Alberta

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Figure 5.28. Alberta natural gas storage
injection/withdrawal volumes

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Figure 5.31. Alberta marketable gas demand by
sector
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Figure 5.32. Historical volumes available for
permitting

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Figure 5.33. Purchased natural gas demand for
oil sands operations
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Figure 5.34. Gas demand for bitumen recovery and
upgrading
Some 1.0 109m3 of process gas not shown on this
chart is used for electricity generation
(2007-2016).
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Figure 5.35. Total Purchased, Process and
Produced Gas for Oil Sands Production
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Figure 5.36. Total marketable gas production and
demand
Tcf

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Figure 6.1. Remaining established NGL reserves
expected to be extracted from conventional gas
and 2006 annual production
102
Figure 6.2. Remaining established reserves of
conventional natural gas liquids
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Alberta Gas NGL Market
R
Battery
Other Canadian Markets
Battery
R
Field Plants
Gas Pools

• Straddle Plants
• NGL Mix
• Ethane
• Propane
• Butanes
• Pentanes Plus

US Markets
Raw Gas
Marketable Gas
R
Sulphur
Alliance High Pressure Pipeline

• - NGL Mix
• Ethane
• Propane
• Butanes
• Pentanes Plus

• Fractionation Plants
• Ethane
• Propane
• Butanes
• Pentanes Plus

Dry Gas
Dry or rich gas
NGL Mix
Spec product
Alberta Border
Rich gas
Refineries
R
Point royalties collected
Oil Pools
Figure 6.3. Schematic of Alberta NGL flows
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Figure 6.4. Ethane supply and demand
103m3/d
Actual Forecast
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Figure 6.5. Propane supply from natural gas and
demand
103m3/d
Actual Forecast
excludes solvent flood volumes
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Figure 6.6. Butanes supply from natural gas and
demand
103m3/d
Actual Forecast
excludes solvent flood volumes
107
Figure 6.7. Pentanes supply from natural gas
and demand for diluent
103m3/d
Actual Forecast
demand met by alternative sources and types of
diluent
excludes solvent flood volumes
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Refining and upgrading
Sour gas
Figure 7.1. Sources of sulphur production
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Figure 7.2. Sulphur production from gas
processing plants in Alberta
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Figure 7.3. Sulphur production from oil sands
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Figure 7.4. Canadian sulphur offshore exports
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Production
Stockpile
Withdrawal
Stockpile
Total Demand
Removed from Alberta
Alberta demand
Figure 7.5. Sulphur demand and supply in Alberta
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Subbituminous
Figure 8.1 Total coal production
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million tonnes
Metallurgical bituminous
Thermal bituminous
Subbituminous
Figure 8.3 Alberta marketable coal production
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Figure 9.1. Alberta electricity generating
capacity
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Figure 9.2. Alberta electricity generation
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Figure 9.3. Alberta electricity transfers
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Figure 9.4. Alberta electricity consumption by
sector
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9.5. Alberta oil sands electricity generation and
demand
Industrial oil sands historical data on
electricity demand was estimated using an
assumption of 10 kWh/bbl for in situ oil sands
projects that do not operate cogeneration units.
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