Transonic

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Measurement of Cardiac Output in the Mouse
Implantation on the Ascending Aorta Required
Equipment Surgical Protocol Measurement
Data References
Transonic Systems Inc.
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Required Equipment

• Stereo Microscope
• Isoflurane Anesthesia
• Mouse Endotracheal Tube
• Rodent Respirator
• Microsurgical Instruments
• Transonic 1.5PSL Flowprobe
• Negative Pressure System
• Flowprobe Button
• Transonic Flowmeter

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Transonic 400-Series Flowmeter
1.5PSL Flowprobe designed for mouse ascending
aorta
Transonic Systems Inc.
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Mouse Surgical Tool Kit
1 - Vessel Cannulation Forceps 2 - 5 45 angle
microblunted, atraumatic Dumont 3 - D-aZ S T
vessel dilator forcep 4 - 5 45 angle
microblunted, atraumatic Dumont
slightly altered very blunt tips 5 - Foerster
octagonal curved - no teeth 6 - Foerster
octagonal curved - with teeth 7 - Foerster
octagonal straight - no teeth 8 - Goldstein Micro
dissecting Retractors 3 x 3 prong (altered to 2
x 2 prong) 9 - Kleinert-Kutz microclip applying
forceps 10- Schwartz micro-serrefines 11- Chest
Tube 12 - Fine Iris Scissors w/ oversize
fingerloops blunt/blunt 13 - Spring
Scissors with fine small blades 14- Extra
delicate mini-Vannas 15 - Halsey Micro Needle
Holder extra light delicate 16 - Castroviejo
with lock and TC jaws
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Surgical Protocol Implantation of a 1.5PSL
Flowprobe on the Ascending Aorta
heart
Ascending Aorta
After the mouse has been anesthetized and
properly ventillated on a respirator, a right
thoracotomy is performed in the 3rd intercostal
space. Closure sutures are placed in the muscle
layers at the beginning of the procedure.
A modified rib retractor is inserted to visualize
the heart and ascending aorta.
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Aorta
Careful dissection along the ascending aorta is
performed by blunt dissection using microsurgical
vessel dilators to free the vessel from
connective tissue.
The aorta has been isolated from the pulmonary
artery. Gently lift under the aorta to pass
surgical silk under the vessel to aid in placing
the vessel in the lumen of the probe.
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Aortic silk
Note the surgical silk around the ascending aorta
at the base of the heart.
The retractors are removed and the 1.5PSL
flowprobe is introduced into the thoracic cavity.
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Stabilizing suture
The aorta is gently lifted into the opening of
the flowprobe. Confirm that the vessel is within
the probe by gently rotating the probe. Remove
the surgical silk from around the aorta to
prepare for closure.
The cable is rotated laterally to the right and
the thoracotomy closed over the probe.
Reapproximate the muscles. A suture is passed
around the flowprobe cable to stabilize the probe
in position.
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Final Closure Procedures
Chest Tube
A chest tube attached to a negative pressure
system can be monitored for bubbles indicating
pneumothorax. Close the skin incision. For
chronic monitoring, the probe connector is passed
under the skin to the midscapular area by
creating a subcutaneous tunnel using a pair of
straight hemostats and gently grasping the CA4S
connector. Dacron mesh is placed under the skin
at the connector and the incision closed. A
button cuff is installed over the connector and
sutured in place through the dacron mesh.

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The mouse can be monitored for cardiac output
after recovery in 3 - 5 days.During this time,
the flowprobe will encapsulate in fibrous tissue
to provide good signal transmission.
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Chronic Cardiac Output in Mice
Transonic 1.5PSL probe on Ascending Aorta probe
implanted 5/22/02 Attached to Dragonfly swivel
for recording 2/21/03
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Continuous Conscious Cardiac Output in Mice
Recording over 8 days with 1 interruption 0.1
Hz 10 samples/sec Note circadian cycles in flow.
2.25.03 93000
2.5 days interruption to recording
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Conscious Cardiac Output in Mice
Transonic 1.5PSL probe implanted 5/22/02
recording 2/25/03
Flow 14.2 ml/m Heart Rate 510 bpm SV 28 µl
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8 Minute Recording Of Cardiac Output
Dramatic variability demonstrates dynamic range
of mouse CO related to activity which cannot be
recognized under acute anesthetized protocols.
Walking CO 19.3 ml/m HR 675 bpm SV 29 µl
Resting Quietly CO 8.97 ml/m HR 405 bpm SV
22 µl
Walking CO 20.04 ml/m HR 600 bpm SV 33 µl
Sniffing CO 18.1 ml/m HR 630 bpm SV 29 µl
Walking CO 10.5 ml/m HR 428 bpm SV 25 µl
Pushing bedding
Walking to other side of cage
Walking at one end of cage
Sniffing
Quiet
Quiet
02.27.03
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Equipment list
Flowprobe MC1.5PSL-JN-WM35-CA4S-GC
Transonic Systems, Inc. Flowmeter Transonic
TS420 Flowmeter Module Skin Button Cuff
Transonic Systems, Inc. www.transonic.com
Surgical Tools Retractors Fine Science
Tools www.finescience.com Mersilene Mesh
Vicryl Sutures Ethicon www.ethicon.com Electri
cal Swivel Dragonfly Research Development,
Inc. www.dragonflyinc.com
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Transonic Systems, Inc. gratefully acknowledges
the assistance of the collaborators in the
development of this protocol
Thomas L. Smith, Ph.D. Dept. of Orthopaedic
Surgery Wake Forest University Health
Sciences Michael F. Callahan, Ph.D. Dept.
Physiology Pharmacology Wake Forest University
Health Sciences Produced by Margo Sosa
Senior Product Manager Transonic
Systems, Inc. 34 Dutch Mill Road Ithaca, NY
14850 www.transonic.com