Colonization of India

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Colonization of India
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1st European to take water route to India 1498
Vasco Da Gama
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We seek Christians and spices
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Many European countries want to join trade with
Asia
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1600 Queen Elizabeth I signs charter
for Governor company of Merchants of London
Trading into the East Indies
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Known as British East India Company or John
Company
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Set up trading centers in Bombay Madras, Calcutta
Calcutta
Bombay
Madras
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British used division of India to gain
power Play one local prince against
another When necessary, used superior technology
to win
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Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington Fought in
India before defeating Napoleon
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By mid 1800s England controls 3/5 of India
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Company passes laws that are unpopular Widows
can remarry Outlaw sati
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British issue new rifles and cartridges Rumors
that cartridges coated with beef or pig fat
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Sepoy Mutiny 1857 Sepoy- Indian soldier fighting
for the British
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Beef fat offensive to Hindus Pig fat offensive
to Muslims
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Sepoys refuse to use cartridges Revolt against
British Cawnpore 296 British men, women and
children killed
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British put down rebellion Capture mutineer
blown away
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1858 Parliament takes India away from the Company
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British Raj
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Viceroy appointed by monarch to rule
India Goal to make India a key part of the
British economy
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Manufactured Goods
Natural Resources
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To help economy England builds Railroads to
move goods around India
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Suez Canal
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The bad British flood India with inexpensive
textiles wipes out Indian hand weaving industry
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British force people to grow cash crops instead
of food Growing population and less food causes
famine
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• Benefits of British rule
• Peace within India
• Improved infrastructure
• Legal system that ignored caste
• Indias upper class send sons to England for
  education, get rich from cooperation

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British bring their culture with them, and blend
with India
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Tennis
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Polo
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Cricket
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Growth of nationalism English think Indias
western educated upperclass would support
them Turn out to be leaders of Indian nationalism
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Indian national Congress 1885 peaceful
protest greater democracy to gain power self
rule
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Muslims worried about their role in Hindu
India 1906 Muslim League Want separate Muslim
state