Principle and Application of Digital Television

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?????????

• Principle and Application of Digital Television

??????? ?????????????????? Emailzhangwenjun_at_sjtu
.edu.cn 20062007??????
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????
3
????????

• ?????? ?5?
• MPEG-2?????????? ?4,6,11?
• MPEG-2?????????? ?7?
• MPEG-2????????
• ?3,9,10?
• ?????? ?12?
• ???????????? ??

4
MPEG-2????????
1.MPEG???
5
1?MPEG???

• MPEG-2??
• ISO/IEC 13818-1 ???
• ISO/IEC 13818-2 ?????
• ISO/IEC 13818-3 ?????
• ?????????????????,?Internet???
• ?????MPEG????????,??????????
• ??SDTV??(ITU601)??270Mbit/s
• CD?????????????????1.5Mbit/s?

?3.2 ???????
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1?MPEG???

• ???????1Mbit/s(MPEG-1)?26Mbit/s(MPEG-2)
• ???????100400kbit/s
• ???????????ES(elementary stream)?,??
• ???
• ???
• ????????????????

?3.3 MPEG ES?
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1?MPEG???

• ?????ES??????????,??PES(packetized elementary
  streams)?
• ??????????????,????????,?????????????
• ????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ??PES???64kbytes,??Header??????payload??
• header???16?bit??????
• payload??????/????????
• ??????????????64kbytes,????(header)???????0,??????
  ????????????

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1?MPEG???
PES
MPEG-2 TS?
???????
ATSC?PSIP
MPEG-2 TS??????
9
PES

• ??ES????????????PES?,???64kbytes?
• ???6byte?PES?
• ?3?byte??????00 00 01,??????PES?????
• ?4?byte??????,???????,??payload?????????????
• ???byte????,????????????????0,??PES???64kbytes?
• ?????PES?
• ???????ES???????(payload)

?3.4 PES???
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PES

• ??PES?
• PES??????,??????ES???????
• ?12????11????????PES????????,???PTS(presentation
  time stamps)?DTS(decoding time stamps),???/???????
  ??
• ??????????

?3.4 PES???
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PES

• PES???????,??????????????????????
• ?MPEG-2????6,10??20????????????????MPEG-2???,?????
  ??????????
• ??,PES?????????????,?TS?(transport stream
  packets)
• 188??? 4????TS?
  184????PES???

?3.6 MPEG-2 TS???
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PES

• ?TS??????
• ?????????TS?,???????????????????(??????????????)?
• ??????????????????????TS??
• MPEG-1,??PES????PES???,?????1.5Mbit/s,??VCD?

Video PES
Audio PES
V
A
V
V
Multiplexed video and audio PES packets
Application MPEG-1 Video CD MPEG-2 SVCD MPEG-2
Video DVD
?3.5 PES????
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PES

• MPEG-2?TS??188??,????????????
• ??????,MPEG-2 TS????ES???????????
• ?????????????ES???,??PES,??PES????TS??
• ??????????28Mbit/s,????????????,?/???????????????
  ??,???????
• ?????TS?????????TS?,???40Mbit/s?

?3.7 MPEG-2 TS????
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PES

• ??TS?????6,8,10??20??????
• ??????????,???????????
• ?????????????,??????????,???????
• TS??????????????,?????????????TS???????

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1?MPEG???
PES?
MPEG-2 TS?
???????
ATSC?PSIP
MPEG-2 TS??????
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MPEG-2 TS?

• ????188??,4??header?184??payload
• header????????????????
• ??????????
• ???47hex,?TS?????????
• ????????????47hex,???????????????????????????
• ???????5?TS???????
• ?????????????????
• ?????????????
• ????????????????????????
• 13bit?PID(packet identifier)
• ?????payload???????????ES??

?3.8 MPEG-2 TS?
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MPEG-2 TS?

• DVB????????Reed-Solomon???
• ????TS??188??????16???(DVB-S/C/T)?20???(ATSC)?????
  ?
• ????????????
• ??????????8/10????
• ????????????8/10?,??????,??????,????????????????,?
  ??????????,?????????

MPEG-2 TS
MPEG-2 TS
Transmission link
DVB/ ATSC mod
DVB/ ATSC Demod.
RS
RS
?3.9 Reed-Solomon FEC
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MPEG-2 TS?

• ??TS?????????4?byte
• ?????payload?,payload??????,???????188bytes?
• ???????adaptation field?
• ?4bytes?????Adaptation control bits?????adaptation
  field?

?3.10 ?adaptation field?TS?
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MPEG-2 TS?

• TS???????????LAN???????????ATM??
• ATM?????????????????????
• ATM??????,???53bytes,?5bytes???48bytes?payload???
• MPEG-2??????ATM??,ATM??payload??????byte,??payload
  ??47bytes,??TS??188bytes?????4?ATM????
• ?????MPEG-2??ATM???

ATMAsynchronous Transfer Mode
?3.11 ATM?
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1?MPEG???
PES
MPEG-2 TS?
???????
ATSC?PSIP
MPEG-2 TS??????
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???????
????????(PAT,PMT)
?????? (PID)
A
TS??? (????)
??? ????
???????? (CAT)
TS?????(SI/PSI/PSIP)
????(PCR,DTS,PTS)
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A?TS???

• MPEG-2??????MPEG-2 TS??,???????,?TS????????
• ??47hex,???TS?????,?????188???
• ?????????,???????
• ?????????47hex,????????????n?188??????????????
• ???,??????????
• ??,??????????????47hex,???????
• ?????5?TS????????
• ??3??????????

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???????
????????(PAT,PMT)
TS??? (????)
?????? (PID)
??? ????
???????? (CAT)
TS?????(SI/PSI/PSIP)
????(PCR,DTS,PTS)
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B?????????

• TS????????????????,TS???????????TS???????
• ??????PSI(program specific information),????payloa
  d??????,??
• PAT(program association table)
• PMT(program map tables)

PATProgram association table 1 PID entry per
program
PMTProgram map table 1 PID entry per elementary
stream
?3.13 PAT?PMT
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B?????????

• PAT
• ??TS???,??0.5????
• ??TS?????????
• ?????TS??PID?0,?????
• PAT?payload?????PID???,??PID???????
• ??PID?????????????????
• PID??PMT??

PATProgram association table 1 PID entry per
program
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B?????????

• PMT
• ??TS?????PID????payload?
• PMT?PID?PAT???
• ???????3?,??PAT?payload????PID???????3?PID?1FF3hex
  ,???????PID 1FF3hex?TS?,????3?PMT?
• PMT????????ES?(????????)?PID?

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B?????????

• ???????????????,???????2?PID,??????PID(100hex),???
  ???PID(200hex)?
• ??????????TS?,???,????PES?,??PES?????????????
• ?????TS??????????????????, ?DVB-S,??????TS?????,??
  PAT?PMT,???????

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???????
????????(PAT,PMT)
TS??? (????)
?????? (PID)
??? ????
???????? (CAT)
TS?????(SI/PSI/PSIP)
????(PCR,DTS,PTS)
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C???????

• PAT?PMT????,????????????PID
• ????????PID(?100hex)
• ????????PID(?200hex)
• ?????????PID?TS?
• ??????,PID?100hex???TS??????PES?,????????
• ??,PID?200hex???TS????????PES?,????????
• ??ES?????,?????????

?3.14 ???????PID????
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???????
????????(PAT,PMT)
TS??? (????)
?????? (PID)
??? ????
???????? (CAT)
TS?????(SI/PSI/PSIP)
????(PCR,DTS,PTS)
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D?????????

• ?????????????????,ES?????????????
• ES???????????,???????????????
• ???????TS?????????????
• ??TS??????????CAT(conditional access table)
• CAT???TS???????PID,?????????????
• ECM(entitlement control message)
• ???????
• EMM(entitlement management message)
• ??????

?3.15 CAT
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D?????????
Video
Demultiplexer
Video decoder

• ??ES???????,TS??????adaptation field?????
• ?????MPEG??????????????,???????????,??????????CI(c
  ommon interface)??????
• ?MPEG???????????,TS???????????
• ECM?EMM???,????????????????

MPEG-2 TS
Audio decoder
Audio
Common interface
Descrambler
Exor
Smart card (user data)
s
s
s
s
s
Pseudo random sequency
Exor
Descrambled data
?3.16 ??????
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???????
????????(PAT,PMT)
TS??? (????)
?????? (PID)
??? ????
???????? (CAT)
TS?????(SI/PSI/PSIP)
????(PCR,DTS,PTS)
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E?????

• ???????????????
• ?????????????
• ?????

???PID??
ES???
?????
???PES?????
??????
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E?????????

• ?????????????
• ????????13.5MHz,????6.75MHz?27MHz????????,?????MPE
  G??????????????????
• ????27MHz?????????(STC)????
• STC?42bit???,?27MHz????,??????0???
• LSB??????FFF,????300,???26.5????????0?
• ????????STC,?27MHz????42bit?????????STC?????
• MPEG??????????PCR(program clock
  reference),??????????STC???????TS???

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E?????????

• PCR??????????????,????????????????????
• ???????PCR?,???????(42bit???)??
• ?????PCR??????????,????????
• ?????,????????????????????,????????????
• ??,42bit??????????PCR?,???????????????????

?3.17 PCR
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E?????????

• ??????PCR??????,???????????????,?????MPEG????
• ????PCR??????40ms?
• PCR?????500ns?
• PCR????
• ??????????,?????????
• TS??????????,??TS?????,???PCR????????????30µs?PCR
  ??,?????????????
• PCR???????TS??adaptation field???,?TS???????????PM
  T????
• ????????,??????????????????

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E??????????

• ?????PES??????????????
• ??????STC???
• STC?33?MSB(??????)???????PES???,?????700ms,??PTS(p
  resentation time stamps)
• ????????,???????????????,???PES?????????,?DTS(deco
  ding time stamps)
• ?????MPEG-2?????????????????????,??????????????

?3.18 PTS?DTS
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???????
????????(PAT,PMT)
TS??? (????)
?????? (PID)
??? ????
???????? (CAT)
TS?????(SI/PSI/PSIP)
????(PCR,DTS,PTS)
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F?TS?????

• ??DVB??????ATSC?????????????????????,?????????,???
  ????
• ?TS???????????????
• ??EPG(electronic program guides)?????????????????
• MPEG-2???????,?PSI?PMT?CAT??,TS??????private
  tables,????????????????????TS???

?3.19 Private Table
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Private Tables

• MPEG-2?????
• ?????????TS??payload????,TS????????????PID?
• ???payload???????table ID,???????????
• ?????????,???????????4???,???????????32?CRC????
• PSI??????
• PAT?PID?0,??????table ID?0
• PMT?PID?PAT???,?table ID?2
• CAT?????PID?table ID
• PSI????????PAT,PMT?CAT?TS????
• DVB??????
• NIT(network information table)??????????
• CAT????????????

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DVB SI

• ??MPEG-2 private tables??,DVB??????????,??SI(servi
  ce information),SI??8??

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DVB SI-NIT

• NIT?????DVB???????????,??????
• ????(????????)
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????????????,???????????????,????????????
• ????????????????????,???????????
• ??NIT???????????,????????,????,??????????
• ??NIT???????????????,???????????????????,?????????
  ??

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DVB SI-SDT

• SDT???TS????(??)???????
• ????,?CNN,CBS,Eurosport,ARD,ZDF,BBC,ACB,SBS??
• ?????PID???,SDT???????????
• ????????,???????????
• BAT,?SDT????
• BAT?SDT?PID??,??table ID???
• SDT??????????????
• BAT?????????????????

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DVB SI-BAT

• BAT?????????
• ????????????????
• ???????????????,??????????????
• ????????????Premiere World?
• ???????DVB??????????
• ??BAT????????,??????????????????

• ?????????,?????????????
• ????8MHz???????,?????330MHz,338MHz,346MHz,354MHz?3
  62MHz????????6????
• ?????????????????????
• ????????SDT??,??????

?3.23 BAT
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DVB SI-EIT?RST

• EIT(event information table)
• ?DVB??EPG(electronic program guide)?
• ???????????????????????
• ??????,??????????
• ??????????????
• RST(running status table)
• ??????????????????????
• ?????????????????,?RST?????????
• RST??????????????VPS?????

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DVB SI-TDT/TOT?ST

• ???????????????????,???
• TDT(timedate table)
• ??GMT?UTC
• ???????????
• TOT(time offset table)
• ????????????????
• TDT?TOT?????????????????,?????????
• ???????????????????????????
• ??????????,????????,?????????
• ST(stuffing table)
• ????TS??????
• ??????TS???????
• CATV????????DVB-S????,NIT????????????????,???????
  ??

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DVB SI?PID?table ID

• DVB?SI?PID?table ID?????

Table PID Table ID
PAT 0x0000 0x00
PMT 0x00200x1FFE 0x02
CAT 0x0001 0x01
NIT 0x0010 0x40,0x41
BAT 0x0011 0x4A
SDT 0x0011 0x420x46
EIT 0x0012 0x4E0x6F
RST 0x0013 0x71
TDT 0x0014 0x70
TOT 0x0014 0x73
ST 0x00100x0014 0x72
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1?MPEG???
PES
MPEG-2 TS?
???????
ATSC?PSIP
MPEG-2 TS??????
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ATSC?PSIP

• ATSC(Advanced Television System Committee)
• ????????????????????
• ??MPEG-2 TS,MPEG-2???AC-3 Dolby???????????
• ??8-?16-VSB?????
• ???PSI???????DVB?SI?,ATSC???PSIP??
• ATSC?,MPEG-2???PSI?????????,
• TS?????PAT???PMTs?
• ATSC?????private table???

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ATSC?PSIP

• PSIP(program and system information protocol)
• ?DVB SI??????,??7???

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ATSC PSIP

• MGT(Master Guide Table)
• ???,????ATSC??PID?
• MGT?packet ID1FFBhex?table IDC7hex???
• EIT(Event Information Table)
• TS???????4?EIT(EIT-0,EIT-1,EIT-2,EIT-3)
• ??EIT?PID?MGT??
• ?????128?EIT,?????
• ??EIT??3??EPG?
• ??4???EIT,????12??EPG?
• ETT(extended text table)
• MGT?????????PID??ETT?
• ?????ETT???EIT????
• ETT-0??EIT-0????????
• ?????128?ETT?

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ATSC PSIP

• VCT(Virtual Channel Table)
• ??????????
• TVCT(Terrestrial Virtual Channel Table)
• CVCT(Cable Virtual Channel Table)
• ?????????,???????TS???????
• ????????
• ???DVB?SDT?

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ATSC PSIP

• STT(System Time Table)
• ???????????
• Packet ID?1FFBhex,table ID?CDhex?
• ??
• GPS(global positioning system)??
• GPS???UTC(GMT)????
• RRT(Rating Region Table)
• ?????????????
• ???????,?????????????????????
• ????????????????
• Packet ID 1FFBhex,table IDCAhex?

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ATSC PSIP

• PSIP??PID?table ID??????

Table PID Table ID
PAT 0x0 0x0
PMT Via PAT 0x02
CAT 0x1 0x01
MGT 0x1FFB 0xC7
TVCT 0x1FFB 0xC8
CVCT 0x1FFB 0xC9
RRT 0x1FFB 0xCA
EIT Via PAT 0xCB
ETT Via PAT 0xCC
STT 0x1FFB 0xCD
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1?MPEG???
PES
MPEG-2 TS?
???????
ATSC?PSIP
MPEG-2 TS??????
57
MPEG-2 TS??????

• ??????????????PID??,TS????
• Payload Unit Start Indicator
• ?????????payload???
• ??????1,???TS?????payload???,?TS?????????PES??PES?
  ???,???????,??TS??payload??????table ID?
• Transport Priority
• ????,???TS??????PID?TS????????

?3.31 MPEG-2 TS?????
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MPEG-2 TS??????

• ??????????????PID??,TS????
• Transport Scrambing Control Bits
• ????,??TS??payload????????
• ????????0,??payload?????
• ???????????0,??payload?????,??CAT????
• Adaptation Field Control Bits
• ????,????????adaptation field
• ????????0,????adaptation field
• ???adaptation field,payload??,???,???????188???
• Continuity Counter
• ??????PID?TS??????4bit????
• ?0?15????TS???,?15?????0???
• ??????TS????,???????(?????)?
• ???????????????,?adaptation field??Discontinuity
  Indicator????

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Thank You !

• Zhangwenjun_at_sjtu.edu.cn

www.themegallery.com