Bin-Min Tsai, Ph.D

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??????

• 3/6/2008
• Bin-Min Tsai, Ph.D

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?????

• ??????????
• ????? (rationalist),??????????,???????????(innate)
  ??
• ????? (??,????) ??????????(tabula
  Rasa),????????????,??????????

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• ????,????????????4???
• ??????? (mystical approach)??????????
  (?????)?????????
• ??????? (authoritarian approach)??,??????????????
  ???????????????????????????
• ???? (pure rationality)??????????????????????????
  ??

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• ??????????????????????,??????????????????????????
  ????
• (1) ?????,?????
• (2) ???????
• (3) ??????????
• (4) ??????????????????????,???????????

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???????

1. ???????????????
2. ????????,???????????????
3. ??????????,??????????????????
4. ???????????,????????

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?????

• ????????????????????????????????????
• It proceeds in a systematic way
• to examine clinical conditions and outcomes,
• to establish relationships among clinical
  phenomena,
• to generate evidence for decision making, and
• to provide the impetus for improving methods of
  practice.

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?????

• ??????????????????,????????????
• Research is a structured process of
• investigating facts and theories
• exploring connections
• ???? ?????????????? (nomothetic)
• ???? ???????? (idiographic)

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?????????

• ???????(quantitative research)?????(qualitative
  research)
• ?????????????,??????????
• ?????????(survey)??????(experimental
  study)?????(case study) ??????(or single subject
  study)??
• ??????????????(????????),?????????????
• ?????????????????

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??????????????????????????????

• ??????(reactive research)???????(non reactive
  research)???
• ????????????????(obtrusive measures)
• ???????????????
• ??????????????????(unobtrusive measures)
• ????????????????

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??????????????????

• ???????????????(retrospective research)? 
• ???????(cross-sectional research)??,?????????????
  ??????
• ??????????????????????????
• ????????(longitudinal research)??,????????????????
  ???????????????
• ????????????????????????????

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Research process
??????
??????
???????
??????
???? Choose sample, instruments/tool, statistics
????
????
12
????

• ???????????????????,????????
• ???????,??????????????? (answer),?????????????????
  ???
• ????????????????????????????,????????

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??????

• ?? ?????????????????????
• (?)??
• ??????????,????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????,???????????,?????????????????,???????
  ??????????,?????????,????,????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????

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• (?) ????
• ???????
• ???? ??????????????????????
• (?)???????
• ????,????????????????????,???????????????????,????
  ??????????? (Gerard, Armstrong, Martin, Rampel,
  2002 Obhi, 2004)????????????????,???????????(Stel
  mach, Amrhein, Goggin, 1988 Wishart, Lee,
  Murdoch, Hodges, 2000)?
• ?????????????????????(Vreede, Samson, Meeteren,
  Duursma, Verhaar, 2005)??????????????????,??????
  ??,????,????????????????,????????????????????????

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• (?) ???????
• 1. ??
• ?????????????????????????????40?????????
• 2. ????
• ?????????,??????????,??????????40????????????
  ???,???20??
• 3. ????
• ?????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????,??0.920.96 (Gallus,
  Mathiowetz, 2003)???,?????????????(Smith, Hong,
  Presson, 2000),??????(Bloch, Sukhodolsky,
  Leckman, Schultz, 2006)?
• 4. ????
• ???(Independent Variable)???????,???(Dependent
  Variable)?????????????????????t??(Independent
  t-test)

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• (?)????
• ??????????????????????????, ?????????????????????
  ????,????????,????????????????????????,???????????
  ?????????,?????????????????????????
• (?)????
• 1 Bloch, M. H., Sukhodolsky, D. G., Leckman,
  J. F. Schultz, R. T. (2006). Fine-motor skill
  deficits in childhood predict adulthood tic
  severity and global psychosocial functional
  inTourettes syndrome. Journal of Child
  Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 551-559.

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????????

• ????????????10?
• ???? (research design)?????????? (sampling)
  ???????????????????? (????????????)????????????
• ????????????????
• ???? (?????????),???????????????? (?????) ?????
• ?????????????? (????)?
• ?????????????????????????????

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1. ????????????,???????,?? (??) ???????
2. ??????????????,????????????
3. ?????????????????????
4. ????????? (logic rigor)????/??????????,?????????,
   ?????????
5. ???????????,????????????