BORDER MANAGEMENT in CENTRAL ASIA: The Trade Component

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BORDER MANAGEMENT in CENTRAL ASIA The Trade
Component
EU/UNDP BOMCA/CADAP Programmes

• WTO Accession Regional Workshop
• Yverdon, April 2007
• Pierre-Paul Antheunissens
• BOMCA/CADAP Chief Technical Adviser for Uzbekistan

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Content

• What is BOMCA/CADAP?
• Trade Component
• Integrated Border Management
• Corridor Approach
• Institutional Reforms

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What is BOMCA/CADAP?

• The largest interventions of a family of European
  Commission border management drug action
  Programmes in the CIS
• Multi-annual assistance under TACIS funded by the
  Regional Action Programmes the Central Asian
  Action Programmes

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What is BOMCA/CADAP?

• The overall objective of BOMCA (Border Management
  in Central Asia) is to secure the gradual
  adoption of modern border management methods in
  Central Asia. Modern Border Management aims at
  two equally important purposes
• Enhanced border security
• Facilitation of legal trade transit.
• The overall objective of CADAP (Central Asia Drug
  Action Programme) is to foster a
  development-oriented drug control strategy in
  Central Asia that ensures a sustained reduction
  of drug consumption and trafficking in line with
  European Commission drug strategies
• A public health approach to drug demand
• An interdiction-based approach to drug trafficking

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What is BOMCA/CADAP?

• UNDP to implement future phases of BOMCA/CADAP
• CADAP 4 (Dec 2006) 5m UNDP 10
• BOMCA 6 (Spring 2007) 6m UNDP 10
• BOMCA 7 (Autumn 2008) 6m UNDP 10
• BOMCA 8/9 (Unscheduled) 14m UNDP 10
• Total future contracts 31m (excluding UNDP
  10)
• Current contracts 24.5m
• (including UK contributions, exc. UNDP 10)

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Trade Component

• What Border Management Programme has to do
  with trade ?

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Trade Component
Source UNDP CA Human Development Report
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Trade Component

• BOMCA has the potential for negative impact if
  the EC/EU security agenda is not balanced by
  EC/EU trade and transit agenda.
• Danger that BOMCA assistance in some countries
  of the region can be used to close borders more
  effectively.

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Trade Component

• What can BOMCA do in order to facilitate legal
  trade and transit?
• BOMCA can provide countries of the region
  with assistance in
• adaptation of the EU Integrated Border Management
  (IBM) concept
• introduction of Corridors Approach
• implementation of Institutional Reform

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Integrated Border Management

• The EC promotes a common model of Integrated
  Border
• Management, first developed under the CARDS
  Programme in the
• Western Balkans.
• The three pillars of IBM are
• Improved intra-service cooperation
• Improved inter-agency cooperation
• Improved cross-border and international
  cooperation.
• BOMCA has produced Guidelines for IBM in Central
  Asia, under the guidance of AIDCO E5. These are
  being circulated in the Commission for
  endorsement. Feedback from CA Governments has
  already been included via Programme Steering
  Committees technical-level Inter Agency Working
  Groups.

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Integrated Border Management

• Training Centres for Border Agencies are under
  construction/ renovation in all five CA
  countries.
• IBM Training Work Plans have been agreed with
  national Governments and have been formally
  presented at a major regional conference on IBM
  (February 2007).
• ICMPD have been contracted to provide European
  expertise to develop training curricula to
  address the training work plans now agreed.
• Curricula will be based on the Core Curriculum
  for Border Guarding Training produced by FRONTEX.

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Integrated Border Management (Pilot Regions)
BP Mamyk
BCP Saryosyo
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Corridor Approach

• The corridor approach is being embraced by
  many inter-governmental and multilateral agencies
  (EURASEC, SCO, CAREC).
• BOMCA will focus on two corridors
• Fergana valley corridor Tashkent / Khujand
  Kokand/Andijan Osh China.
• North-South corridor in Western Central Asia
  Ashgabat Kunya Urgench - Karakalpakstan-Astrakha
  n.

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Corridor Approach

• Map of corridors

Fergana valley corridor
North-South corridor
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Institutional Reforms

• Work at border should be leveraged to obtain
  commitment on, for example, cross border
  cooperation and harmonization of practices.
• BOMCA can use the EU political weight to support
  policy changes at central level which will
  facilitate trade.
• BOMCA specific at-the-border expertise should
  make cooperation with other donors straightforward

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Institutional Reforms

• Does BOMCA have to work with regional
  organisations ?
• EURASEC
• SCO
• UNDP requests policy guidance from the EC on
  the nature and modalities of Programme engagement
  with EURASEC.

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EU/UNDP BOMCA/CADAP Programmes

• Thank you !
• Any questions ?
• e-mail pierre.antheunissens_at_undp.org