Hotel

1
Hotel Restaurant Sanitation and Safety

• HRT 225
• Fall 1998
• Don St. Hilaire
• Wednesday, December 3rd

2
Todays Class

• Previous Class Highlights
• Review Key aspects of the Trainers Guide
• Video Preventing Burns and Fires
• Interesting Facts- Review for Final
• Course Review Course evaluation

3
Previous Class Highlights

• Reviewed and Discussed key aspects of the
  Trainers Guide
• Safety exam covered pages 1-82, 112-146

4
AWARE Employee Customer Safety- Trainers Guide

• Introduction
• Designing and Implementing a Safety Program
• Ensuring Fire Safety in Your Operation
• Handling Hazardous Materials Safely

5
AWARE Employee Customer Safety- Trainers Guide

• The Law and Your Responsibility
• Preventing Burns
• Preventing Cuts

6
AWARE Employee Customer Safety- Trainers Guide

• Preventing Lifting and Carrying Injuries
• Preventing Slips, Trips, and Falls
• Training Employees in Safe Driving

7
Video- Preventing Burns and Fires

• What were the 3 most useful parts of this video?
• What was the least useful part of this video?
• Would you show this video to your employees?

8
AWAREPreventing Lifting and Carrying Injuries

• What is the role of PPE?
• What is the role of training?
• What should training and orientation include?

9
AWAREPreventing Lifting and Carrying Injuries

• OSHA requires employers to
• Provide employees with adequate PPE
• Train employees in how to use PPE
• Ensure that employees wear PPE
• American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
  standards for equipment
• Footwear and gloves are included

10
AWAREPreventing Lifting and Carrying Injuries

• Ergonomics - the science that seeks to adapt
  tools and workplaces to workers, rather than
  expecting workers to adapt to working conditions.
• Correct for the job.
• Comfortable grips.
• Comfortable weight
• Secure placement Maintenance instructions

11
Recognizing Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMI)

• Symptoms
• Repeated tingling, burning, numbness, weakness,
  or stiffness felt at night or shortly after work
  begins.

12
Recognizing Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMI) cont.

• Common Injuries
• Carpal tunnel syndrome - hands and wrists
• Tendinitis - fingers, hands, arms, and forearms.
• White finger and trigger finger-forefinger
• Hammer syndrome-base of the thumb

13
Recognizing Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMI) cont.

• Causes
• Vibrating, dull, or improperly used tools
• Improper protective clothing
• Long stretches of repetitious work without breaks
• Awkward positions for standing or sitting

14
Preventing Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMI)

• Work Stations
• Set up station to avoid continual bending,
  twisting, and reaching
• Adjust work surfaces to about 2 inches below the
  elbow.
• Use floor mats.
• Make lifting devices available
• Adjust heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting

15
Preventing Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMI) cont.

• Employee Practices
• Vary tasks and take breaks
• Use good body mechanics for
• Sitting
• Standing
• Bending
• Reaching
• Pushing and pulling

16
Lifting Loads Safely

• 1. Check your footing and the condition of the
  floor.
• 2. Face toward the load. Bend at the knees-Keep
  your back straight
• 3. Lift with your leg muscles taking the weight.
• 4. Set the load down, using leg muscles.

17
Carrying Loads Safely

• 1. Look for hazards in the route.
• 2. Use the whole hand to grip the load.
• 3. Keep the load close to the body.
• 4. Keep stomach muscles firm and lower back
  tucked in.
• 5. Turn the whole body - Do not twist.
• 6. Employees carrying together should work as a
  team.

18
Weights of Loads and Heights for Safe Carrying
and Storing

• Over the Head - 10 pounds or less
• Chest to Neck - 10 to 25 pounds
• Chest level to Knees - 25 to 50 pounds
• Knees to Ankles - 10 to 25 pounds
• Ground level - 10 pounds or less

19
Preventing Slips, Trips, and Falls

• Mats should be three-eighths to one-inch thick to
  provide absorbency and cushioning.
• Made of tightly woven fabrics, rubber, or plastic
  with a raised pattern
• To keep floor grease levels low- deep clean daily

20
Keeping Exterior Surfaces Safe

• Check for
• Snow and ice on all surfaces
• Trash, oil spots, and potholes in the parking lot
• Burnt out exterior lights
• Any areas that need repairs, markings, or
  slip-resistant paint.

21
Selecting Safe Ladders

• Rating Type Safe Weight
• Light Duty Type 3 Up to 200 lbs.
• Medium Duty Type 2 200-225 lbs.
• Heavy Duty Type 1 225-250 lbs.
• Extra heavy duty Type 1a 250-300 lbs.

22
Measurement for Ladders

• Straight ladders - 3 feet above the spot where
  the ladder will rest
• Bottom of the ladder - should be 1 foot from the
  vertical for every 4 feet in height

23
Stair, Ramp, and Raised Dining Area Maintenance

• 1. Keep stairs clear of obstacles
• 2. Check for adequate lighting in these areas.
• 3. Check stair treads and coverings for tears or
  ragged edges.
• 4. Provide sturdy, smooth handrails.
• 5. Raised dining areas require at least two or
  three standard -size steps.

24
Exterior Surfaces Sidewalks, Ramps, and Stairs

• Stairs should be strong and slip resistant when
  wet. Each step or riser should be about 7 inches
  tall.
• All stairs should include handrails.
• Ramps should not rise more than 1 vertical inch
  for every 12 horizontal inches. Construct ramps
  with the least slope possible 15 degrees is a
  recommended max.

25
Exterior Surfaces Sidewalks, Ramps, and Stairs
cont.

• A slope should never exceed 20 degrees.
• Wooden ramps, stairs, and decks should have no
  protruding nails, or loose planks, and should not
  have gaps between the boards.

26
Exterior Surfaces Parking Lots

• Lighting- should meet local codes and immediately
  replace burned out bulbs.
• Speed bumps, drains, manhole covers, and
  lampposts should be painted yellow or another
  that stands out to alert pedestrians and drivers.

27
Exterior Surfaces Parking Lots cont.

• Parking bumpers and rails should be painted
  yellow or another color that stands out and
  should not obstruct walking routes into the
  building
• Height and slope of curbs, cutouts in curbs to
  admit wheelchairs, and handicapped-access ramps
  leading from the parking lots should be within
  the local and ADA codes. Should be marked and
  Painted a bright color to stand out

28
AWARE Training Employees in Safe Driving

• Training should be based on Defensive Driving
  which means
• Thinking and acting to avoid preventable
  accidents by being ready for unexpected changes
  in road conditions.
• Looking out for other drivers who might suddenly
  stop, turn, or pull out.

29
AWARE Training Employees in Safe Driving

• Train employees to
• carefully plan each trip
• Develop maps and hazard lists for regular driving
  routes.
• Never double-park or block a customers exit.
• Avoid distractions in their vehicles
• be cautious during home deliveries or at supplier
  locations.

30
AWARE Training Employees in Safe Driving

• Consider the following resources for training
  your drivers
• Driving schools or instructors.
• Presentations and videotapes
• Mentor programs.
• Written and practical tests.

31
AWARE Training Employees in Safe Driving

• Employees should obey all traffic laws,
  including
• Driving at the posted speed limit.
• Wearing seat belts.
• Never driving under the influence of alcohol or
  other drugs

32
AWARE Training Employees in Safe Driving

• All vehicles used in your establishment should
  regularly be serviced. Keep thorough records of
• Inspections and regular maintenance
• Special repairs and breakdowns.
• Accidents.
• Records will help you plan for and obtain
  adequate vehicle insurance and will help support
  insurance claims you need to make.

33
AWARE Training Employees in Safe Driving

• Make driving and parking safer and easier for
  employees and guests
• Hire only reputable snow removal contractors who
  carry adequate insurance.
• Verify that your valet parking staff has adequate
  training and valid drivers licenses
• Establish a good working relationship with your
  local police

34
Factor Reducing Driver Alertness

• Tranquilizers used for muscle tension, severe
  anxiety, and high blood pressure
• Analgesics used for arthritis and rheumatism
• Antihistamines used for allergies and colds.
• Insulin used for diabetes
• Sedatives used for anxiety and insomnia
• Stimulants used for weight control

35
Developing an Effective Safe Driving Program

• 1. Draft a brief policy statement for employees
• 2. Check the driving records of employees hired
  to drive on annual basis.
• 3. Train employees in safe driving practices.
• 4. Inspect and maintain all vehicles used in the
  operation.

36
Tracking On-the-Job Safe Driving

• Records kept of miles, days, deliveries, or trips
  without an accident
• Unscheduled inspections.
• Using the safety committee to discuss safe
  driving.
• Remember Praise employees for safe driving.

37
Interesting Facts- Slips, Trips, Falls

• Back injuries are a leading cause of job-related
  injuries. Back injuries disable more than
  400,000 people each year and cost Americans
  nearly 75 billion annually for medical
  treatment, lost wages, and insurance claims.
• According to the National Safety Council the
  average back injury involves over 7,000 in
  medical costs and indemnity payments.
• Slip, trip, and fall accidents account for
  approximately 80 of all accidents that happen
  at foodservice establishments.

38
Interesting Facts- Slips, Trips, Falls

• Each year 33,000 people receive disabling
  injuries from falling on stairs.
• Static coefficient of friction grab - minimum
  value of 0.5 for most high traffic areas. -
  Durability, maintenance, design.
• Approximately 12,000 people die each year as a
  result of falls.

39
Interesting Facts - Fire Safety

• No one should have to travel more than 75 feet to
  reach a fire extinguisher.
• The industry standard temperature goal for a
  kitchen is 85degrees F.
• Every year 5,000 to 8,000 Americans die in fires.

40
Interesting Facts - Fire Safety

• On average, fire kills or injures at least one
  person on the job every day in the U.S.
• Most common causes- improperly used or maintained
  electrical equipment
• careless smoking
• careless use of space heaters
• improperly used or stored flammable liquids.
• Poor housekeeping

41
Interesting Facts - Fire Safety

• Electrical equipment causes the largest number of
  workplace fires.
• Test battery-operated detectors and alarms
  monthly and replace batteries every year.
• Learn how to use a Fire extinguisher - PASS -
  Point, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
• Aim at the base of the fire
• The fire extinguisher only last 3 to 20 seconds

42
Reminders - Fire Safety

• Make sure you dont blow burning papers out of
  wastebasket fires
• Never put water on an electrical fire or piece of
  electrical equipment
• Dont attempt to fight a fire which is over 3 or
  4 feet high or wide

43
Reminders - Fire Safety

• If your clothing catches fire, STOP, DROP, and
  Roll- dont remove any fabric that gets stuck to
  a burn
• Treat a minor burn with cool water- NOT butter or
  grease

44
Fire Safety Information

• The Life Safety Code requirements for places of
  assembly are categorized by occupant load,
  locations, exits, protections, and building
  services.

45
More Interesting Facts cont.

• Every year nearly 500,000 Americans die because
  of heart attacks-usually within two hours of
  having the attack.
• Every year about 150,000 Americans become fatal
  victims of stroke.
• More than 27,000,000 injuries occur in homes each
  year. There is one disabling injury every 10
  seconds. Home injuries cause one death every 26
  minutes.

46
Electrical Safety Facts

• As little as 50 milliamperes about one-third the
  electricity used to power a transistor radio can
  cause death.

47
Electrical Safety Facts cont.

• On construction sites, outdoor or wet locations,
  ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) monitor
  the current going in and out of an electrical
  device. If it is out of balance enough to shock
  someone, it shuts off the power instantly so the
  extra current wont leak out and shock you.

48
More Interesting Facts cont.

• Substance abuse costs can amount to more than
  100 billion each year.
• An EAP is an Employee Assistance Program that
  provides confidential help for employees with
  many kinds of problems.

49
Safe Driving Facts

• Someone dies in a motor vehicle accident every 11
  seconds
• Each year, motor vehicle crashes cause about
  2,100 occupational deaths
• Motor vehicle accidents cause 91,000 lost-workday
  injuries every year.

50
Safe Driving Facts cont.

• Motor vehicle accidents are the largest single
  cause of accidental deaths both on and off the
  job.
• In a motorcycle accident, a rider without a
  helmet is 3 times more likely to be killed.
• You should stay at least 2 seconds behind the
  drive in front-more in bad weather.

51
Californias Injury Illness Prevention Program
- SB 198

• Requires every California employer, of any size,
  to have a special injury and Illness Prevention
  Program to inform you about potential job hazards
  and protect you from them.
• It is the first in the country to cover all job
  health and safety risks- the first in
  California to cover all companies in California.

52
Californias SB 198

• Requires you and your employer to take specific
  steps to prevent job illness and injury
• 1. Hazard identification.
• 2. Hazard correction and prevention.
• 3.Training.
• 4. Communication.
• 5. Compliance

53
Californias SB 198

• 1. Hazard identification
• When the Injury and Illness Prevention Program is
  started
• When new substances, processes, procedures, or
  equipment are introduced

54
Californias SB 198

• 1. Hazard identification cont.
• Establish safety committee-management and staff
• monthly inspections to assess hazards
• master checklist with specific areas
• annual audit of IPP.

55
Californias SB 198

• 2. Hazard correction and prevention
• Establish safe work practices to reduce hazards.
• Improve safety features of existing equipment
• Schedule and assign work to reduce exposure to
  health and safety risks
• Use protective clothing and equipment

56
Californias SB 198

• 2. Hazard correction and prevention cont.
• a. prioritize and correct in a timely manner.
• b. document corrective actions on checklist and
  include date person.
• c. document and place with CAL/OSHA

57
Californias SB 198

• 3. Training should cover
• Hazardous substance safety
• Fire prevention techniques
• Emergency response practices
• First-aid practices

58
Californias SB 198

• 3. Training cont.
• Should occur for new employees and new job
  assignments when new substances and processes are
  introduced. Post in a conspicuous place and
  notify CAL/OSHA.

59
Californias SB 198

• 4. Communication
• All notices, written communications and meetings
  must be readily understandable by all employees -
  Who, What, Where, When and How.
• The materials must be available in multiple
  languages- if your employees speak only Chinese,
  Japanese, Russian, or Taglog- materials must be
  available in these languages

60
Californias SB 198

• 5. Compliance - 7 steps
• 1.dates for periodic tests
• 2.dates and times of training or retraining
• 3.dates of records review or annual safety audit
• 4.unscheduled inspection dates,
• 5.safety incentives, if any,
• 6.system for receiving acting on employee
  complaints
• 7.disciplinary policy. (4 steps)

61
Californias SB 198

• Fines - 1,000 initially, can go up to 2,000/
  day for repeated offenses.
• Retention of records for 3 years except training
  records of employees if less than 1 year with the
  company.

62
Californias SB 198

• At companies with less than 10 employees, should
  keep a record of oral communications and
  instruction, maintain inspection records only
  until a hazard is corrected (not 3 years), and
  maintain only a general training log.

63
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Facts

• Americans use more stuff than anyone on earth.
  Each of us throws away about 4 pounds of trash
  every day
• Were running out of landfill sites
• Making recycled products -costs less
• uses less energy
• saves our natural resources
• creates less air and water pollution

64
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Facts

• It takes 500,000 trees just to produce our Sunday
  newspapers
• Saving trees from being cut down- uses 30 to 55
  less energy and creates up to 74 less air
  pollution

65
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Facts

• We throw away 28 billion glass bottles and jars
  every year
• Using recycled glass products uses 32 less
  energy and creates 20 less air pollution
• We use about 32 billion pounds of plastic a year
  and recycle only about 2 of it

66
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Facts

• One quart of motor oil can pollute up to 150,000
  gallons of drinking water.
• The average office worker throws away 180 pounds
  of paper a year.

67
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Facts

• 3 out of 4 respondents to a 1995 NRA recycling
  survey have a recycling.
• Average number of hours spent by employees during
  an average week maintaining a recycling program
  was 6.2 hours.

68
"Planning for Catastrophe The Fast Track to
Recovery"

• by Nelson R. Bean. Cornell Quarterly April 1992
• Time is the most critical element after a
  disaster. 43 never reopen and 28 of those that
  do reopen close permanently within 3 years.

69
Planning for Catastrophe cont.

• 2 major problems
• 1.lack of planning i.e. personnel, emergency
  repairs, security, asbestos.
• 2.lack of insurance - 40 hidden costs- i.e.
  business interruption (B.I.), marketing costs,
  severance pay, increased unemployment premiums,
  costs of demolition and removal of hazardous
  materials. Replacement value- Proof of Loss

70
Planning for Catastrophe cont.

• Reconstruction Strategy -
• high speed can be 5 - 21 times faster than normal
  construction process.
• It is more costly but you should do a
  cost-benefit analysis.

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Planning for Catastrophe cont.

• Primary ingredients of the high speed process are
  as follows
• materials made for high-speed construction.
• multi-layered scheduling.
• aggressive purchasing policies
• attitude of mind over matter.

72
"Positive Safety"

• by Eddy Hatcher from Training July 1991
• The company was NKC of America in Memphis, TN.
• Results- cut accident rate in 3 years by 77 and
  workers comp. by 69.
• Expense of the new safety program was less than
  5 of the savings.

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"Positive Safety cont.

• Indirect costs estimated by an insurance company
  to be a 4 to 1 ratio of the direct costs and
  examples are
• a. standing around after an accident.
• b. watching, talking, taking injured party to the
  hospital.
• c. training replacement.
• d. repairing damaged equipment.

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"Positive Safety cont.

• Old approach - 3 prong- focus on
  correction/discipline
• New approach emphasized-
• Recognition
• Reinforcement
• Positive Feedback
• Interesting
• Fun

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"Positive Safety cont.

• New approach- 6 parts-
• 1.revamp and revitalize safety methods.
• 2.problems were handled with humor.
• 3.set reachable goals.
• 4.safety walks - designate for the entire day.
• 5.thank for efforts.
• 6.examine accidents and listen.
• individual meeting with employees who had more
  than one accident.

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Assignment

• Prepare for the Final Exam
• Cumulative, all multiple choice, between 50 and
  100 questions
• Information from the 48 hours video will be on
  the final exam.
• Information from this lecture will be on the
  final exam