from Barrio Boy

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from Barrio Boy
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Fiction

• Prose writing that tells about imaginary
  characters and events.

• Novels
• Novellas
• Short stories

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Nonfiction

• Prose writing that presents and explains ideas or
  that tells about real people, places, objects, or
  events.

• News articles
• Essays
• Historical accounts

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What is prose?
Prose is the ordinary form of written language.
Most writing that is not poetry, drama, or song
is considered prose. Prose is one of the genres,
or forms, of literature and occurs both in
fiction and nonfiction.
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Literary Terms

• Narrator - a person who tells the story
• Characters - the people living the story
• Dialogue - the conversations that the characters
  have
• Events - make up the action in the story

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Compare and Contrast
Both Characters

• Barrio Boy
• Real characters

A Days Wait Imaginary characters
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reassuring

• adj., having the effect of restoring confidence

The sound of applause was reassuring to the
nervous performer.
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contraption
n., device or machine regarded as strange
I dont think that it is safe to drive that
rickety contraption.
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formidable
adj., impressive
The titles on the long summer reading list were
formidable.
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epidemic
n., outbreak of a contagious disease
The flu epidemic caused school to close.
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flushed
v., drove out from hiding
The dogs flushed birds out of the bushes.
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evidently
adv., clearly obviously
The dark clouds evidently promised rain.
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miserable
adj., causing great discomfort or unhappiness
The sick and miserable boy was not able to attend
school.
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various
adj., different
He had to take various medications to get over
the illness.
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menace
n., a threat or danger
John had to decide if the man was a friend or a
menace.
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absolutely
adv., completely totally without limit
He was absolutely sure this was the silliest
thing he had ever seen!
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Think of a time when you had a new experience,
such as moving to a new town or neighborhood.
Maybe you joined a sports team or joined a new
club. What did that feel like? What were some
of your thoughts both before and during the
experience? Use some of the following words
comprehend, focus, interpret, respond, distort.
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Ernesto Galarza 1905 - 1984
When Ernesto Galarza was eight, he and his
parents migrated to Sacramento, California, where
he worked as a farm laborer. Excelling at school,
he became one of the first Mexican-Americans from
a poor background to complete college, after
which he received a M.A. from Stanford in 1929,
and a Ph.D. in history from Columbia University
in 1944. Galarza returned to California, whereat
the height of the Cold War and McCarthyismhe
organized unions for farm laborers, joining the
effort to create the first multiracial farm
worker union. While this effort failed, it
created the foundation for the United Farm
Workers Union of the 1960s. He wrote several
books, most notably the 1964 Merchants of Labor,
on the exploitation of Mexican contract workers,
and the 1971 Barrio Boy, about his own childhood.
He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in
Literature in 1976.
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from Barrio Boy by Ernesto Galarza
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Young Ernesto from Mexico had just arrived in the
United States and at Lincoln School. On his
first day, a formidable but friendly principal
and her young interpreter greet Ernesto and his
mother. His kind, supportive teacher continues
the process of welcoming him to his new country
and helping him with his new language. Ernesto
and the other immigrant children form a bond as
they learn English and adapt to their new lives.
The school staff guides them to take pride in
their diverse backgrounds.
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Look carefully at the expression on this boys
face. What emotions do you think he is feeling?
Does this picture convey the emotions that a
child might feel as he enrolls in a new school?
Why?
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What is a Barrio?
A barrio is a part of a town or city where most
of the people are Hispanic.
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Who is the narrator of this work?1st person or
3rd person?How can you tell?
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Where do the narrator and his mother go? Where
are they?

• The boy and his mother have gone to his new
  school. They have entered the office of Miss
  Nettie Hopley, the school principal.

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Describe the classroom in the photograph on page
72.
How does this compare with the narrators
impressions of school?
The classroom looks like a friendly, inviting
place with a nice teacher. This is not how
Ernesto feels about his classroom or his teacher
when he first arrives at school at first he is
scared.
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withering (pg. 72)
Use context clues to determine the meaning of
this word. She was, to skinny, somewhat runty
me, of a withering height when she patrolled the
class.
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What words describe how young Ernesto is feeling
during the days at school in this country?
Secure (when his mother is there)
Afraid (when his mother leaves)
What happens that makes Ernestos feeling start
to change?
His feelings begin to change when begins to be
able to read and speak English. He stops being
afraid and decides he really likes Miss Ryan.
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What details in selection 8 on page 73 help you
appreciate the importance of the authors actual
experience?
The teacher feels such devotion to her students
that she gives some of them private lessons in a
closet.
She keeps an eye on the rest of the class while
focusing on teaching a few students in the closet.
The teacher is very dedicated to teaching English.
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Which students get private lessons with Miss Ryan?
The first graders who do not know English have
private lessons with Miss Ryan.
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What have you learned about Ernestos classmates?
They come from many different backgrounds and
speak different languages.
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What do the details in the paragraph at the top
of page 74 tell about each character in the
narrative?
The details reveal the nationalities of the
children and the physical characteristics of a
couple of the children.
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Think again about the difficulties a child might
face when moving from another country to the U.S.
Are your original ideas similar to the events in
the story? What new ideas did you learn?
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Why does Miss Hopleyhave another boy come toher
meeting with Ernestoand his mother?
Ernesto and his mother do not speak English
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How does Miss Ryanhelp Ernesto overcomehis fear
of her?
She helps him learn English and encourages him in
front of the class.
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What makes Ernesto similar to several of his
classmates?
There are other students in the class that do not
speak English.
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Why does Ernesto Galarza discuss the differences
between Lincoln School and his school in Mazatlan?
He wants you to understand how insecure he feels
in the new school in the new country.
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How does Miss Ryan encourage the students she
tutors privately?
She praises their accomplishments in front of the
class.
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Barrio Boy is nonfiction and Days Wait is
fiction, why do they both seem realistic?
The characters and the emotions are both
believable.
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On the first day of school, Miss Ryans smile is
reassuring to Ernesto. How does she make him
feel?
She makes him feel confident.