Emoderating: the key to successfully teaching and learning online

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All of cyberspace's a stage
Dr. Gilly Salmon
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an exploration of the scripts players in
e-learning
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Dr. Gilly Salmon

• Centre for Innovation, Knowledge Enterprise,
  Open University Business School
• Chair Professional Certificate in Management

• Visiting Professor,
• Glasgow Caledonian Business School
• Director All Things in Moderation Ltd

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Setting the scene

• any teacher who manages to usecomputers has
  somehow overcome a host or organisational
  obstacles, political decisions made by others
  remote from the classroom, and difficulties
  associated with the technology itself, including
  mismatches between rampant featurism and the
  teachers practical needs
• (Cuban 2001 p. 173)

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Is it all worth while?70 Nobel Laureatesimpact
of Internet over next 20 years

• 87 positive impact to improve education
• 91 improve educational opportunities
• 69 believe they could have done their work
  faster (medicine, physics, peace literature)
• www.cisco.com/nobel/survey

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And all the men and women merely players

• Technology providers
• Technicians
• Learning developers
• Managers
• Lecturers teachers
• Researchers/experts

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And one man in his time plays many parts

• Traditions of knowledge transmission
  acquisition are challenged
• neatly packaged client/customersneeds do not
  present themselves.
• the use of technologies grows in a way that has
  little to do with demographics
• Terrific opportunities pass us by in a haze of
  commercialism..or a flash in the pan of new
  initiative exhaustion

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They have their exits and their entrances

• Commercial investment in technology likely to
  continue
• Virtual educational institutions consortiums
  in trouble
• Leaves way open for embedding technology in
  teaching

• Decisions are difficult- what technologies will
  sustain, be reliable, upgradable, adaptable,
  suitable, make a difference?

• We can be sure
• all teachers trainers will need to be
• Flexible in their approach to teaching
• Able to work electronically with each other

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The tragedy happens on the stageThe review
happens in the dressing rooms

• There is no evidence that e-learners wish to do
  without their human supporters
• They need support in pacing, timing, learning

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A solution ? Scenarios

• look at possibilities
• creatively explore uncertainties complexity
• undertake strategic conversations
• make choices
• prepare!

• These scenarios include role of research,
• technologies, teaching philosophies, assessment
  
• role of online teachers/trainers
• relevance to further education

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4 e-learning scenarios
Playlet One Contenteous
Playlet Two Instantia
Playlet Three Nomadict
Playlet Four Cafélattia
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Contenteous
Choices based on media profiles online resource
availability league tables
Transmission model of teaching content rich Big
Brother learning Virtuality, simulations
Technology as a delivery system content
learning management systems, multi
media, Digital radio DVDs, digital cable
TV. standards
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Contenteous
Assessment Diagnostic tests determine content
pathways reproduction critique frequent
automated testing sophisticated feedback
guidance
Technology very good navigation, multi media
capacity eye into reality simulations virtuality
asynchronicity synchronicity automatic
tracking testing extremely robust excellent
scheduling
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Contenteous
Economies of scale through reduced interaction
stand deliver
Teaching content experts build online libraries
resource pathways become e-lecturers captivate
big audiences (support of the elite few needs
high level of research)
stand deliver
content is king
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Contenteous
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Instantia
Tick-tock
choice Just for me, just in time, just for
now, just enough
Computer based courses from desks learning
centres IT as tools learning objects rule! Speed
of mind absorption speed of technology
E-learning Continuous, applied, Flexible
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Learning Objects

• The technology delivered learning of tomorrow
  will be assembled, not authored from large
  reservoirs of content presented to the
  learnerand more emphasis will be on building
  knowledge bases that can be published on the
  fly Elliot Masie
• Learning objects may be constructed through
  combining several elements, such as HTML,
  graphics, audio, video, documents, Java, to
  provide interactivity
• Charles Jennings

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exchanging learning objects
Pauls students
Paul Teaches computing
learning objects repository
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Frances Cross cultural marketing
Martin Systems analysis
learning objects repository
Report writing
Compare contrast
Compare contrast
Analysing data
Report development
Analysing data
Presenting inf
Equality diversity
Presenting inf
Understanding culture
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Instantia
Tick-tock
Technology available 24/7/52 sophisticated
metagged data bases easily manipulated highly
reliable and scalable quick easy customisation
assessment authenticity, tracking, links to
performance assessment submittable in different
media
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Instantia
Tick-tock
Teaching support autonomous learning, available
24 hours a day, synchronously
asynchronously focus on skills development
adoption of in-house knowledge cultures
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The customised computer
Just for me, just in time, just for now, just
enough
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Instantia
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Nomadict
Wearable, portable embedded
technologies PDAs, Palms tops, Tablet PCs
mobile phones with keyboards GPS, wireless
personal national international comms
networks biometrics provide security of identity
truly any time any place learning, learner
chooses style, focused learning components
interact with learners environments provide
pacing,
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Nomadict
Technology Colleges become server farms Halls
of residents become satellite stations no
tolerance for old style VLEs low cost streamed
learning
Assessment small bites, highly
transferable mainly outcomes, projects student
designed assessments (with helpers) biometrics
provide security of identity
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Nomadict
Mobile, portfolio teaching work with varying
cultures traditions, create tiny chunks of
learning activities, relate to students without
meeting, promote student ownership of learning
process
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The props are the play?The mobile phone example!

• Class wealth impact on ownership BUT not as
  much as other technologies (80 professionals,
  51 unskilled). A way of bridging the digital
  divide?
• As many 40-50 years olds own mobile phones as
  teenagers
• 40 over 65s have a mobile
• 72 of all men have mobiles and use them 66
  minutes a day (53 mins previously on land lines)
• Women 67, 55 mins
• i.e. Men now spend more time on the phone than
  women
• ICM/Guardian Survey Nov 2002

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E- moderator
cybercollege 2010
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Nomadict
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Cafélattia
social context for learning, acquisition,
argument application, find interact with
like-minded others, free expression, intellectual
extension by dialogue reflection, professional
communities, sharing of tacit knowledge assessment
is negotiated knowledge construction
problem solving skills,
Developed Internet (beyond the
browser!) technologies as mediating devices, as
contexts community space, asychronous
synchronous groupware, clicks mortar, hi lo
bandwidth
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Cafélattia
Technology mediating device between people free
expression through text and voice sharing of
contexual tacit knowledge reflection
creativity tools group work space sophisticated
document sharing
assessment is negotiated knowledge
construction complex problem solving skills,
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Cafélattia
Tim Berners-Lee had the orginal idea for this
play! Keep the web open
teaching think global, local
action, Partnerships between teachers media
developers Mentoring and expert moderating, build
online Groups communities intelligent
agents, Lead information exchange knowledge
construction processes
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can caffelattia suceed?
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Janison
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spark
invitation
interaction
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the spark
the invitation
WebCT
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(No Transcript)
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Edith Cowan University Perth Australia Blackboard
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FirstClass
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Example Cafélattia course in 2002first two
hundred participants
Countries UK 50 Australia 56 S. America 32 Cont.
W Europe 24 N. America 16 Asia 14
Educational Sectors Universities
68 College/vocational 56 Professional networks
38 Corporate 26 Schools 12
Completion? Full (certificate)144 good
28 dropped out (typically 2-3 weeks in) 28
English as 1st language 156 English as
2nd language 44
Reasons for participation strategic 24 Skills 178
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Make a distinction- find your niche- make a
difference

• Explore the scenarios disciplines, cultures,
  traditions
• Be clear about your own (learning teaching)
  objectives) and distinctiive markets

• Choose based on fit for purpose
• Learn by doing, share, collaborate

Guide the consequences Choose a scenarios
develop online teaching skills (e-moderating)
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Changing the actors the scriptwriters
staff as the Solution (not the problem)
professionalism
Hi tolerance
organisation restructure
control
Innovators Adopters (12)
exploration how why
mindset change (2)
teaching Practice/ discipline
funding/ resources
change agents
acceptance
mindsets change (1)
Scale up
operational changes
lo tolerance
implementaion
1 understanding 2 action
Later adopters
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Get your equity card!Skills for teachers in
the knowledge media age
Prerequisites! Flexibility towards online
teaching learning, Empathy with online
learners, Willingness to be trained developed
Develop fast! online communication group
skills, pacing use of time online, ability to
teach e-moderate cross-culturally value
diversity relate to learners without
meeting assess online
Train online to work online
train
develop
recruit
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Developing your play

• its up to you! vision and action!
• Key choices lie
• between viewing or authoring,
• high bandwidth fixed locations or high level
  mobility.

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Write your own script?
Great mind do NOT think alike!
To make a difference faster focus on the human
intervention not the technology
From Built to Last J. Collins J.I.
Porras HarperBusiness 1997
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4 e-learning scenarios
What will cue your entrance? Whats your
audience? What part will you play? Which playlet
is for you?
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4 e-learning scenarios
How will you choose?

• The Web is not good as a broadcast medium
• People use the Web for self publishing and
  interaction
• Look at what your learners use for their everyday
  lives/work use for learning

• Learning happens with others
• Learners need strong motivation, participation,
  emotions and time management

some clues!
All the scenarios need E-moderators
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Time for questions challenge, comment?
Safety curtain
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You think this is just a fantasy?

• this telephone has too many shortcomings to be
  seriously considered as a means of communication.
  Western Union memo 1876
• ...theres a world market for about 5 computers.
  Thomas Watson, Chairman IBM 1943.
• Computers in the future may weigh no more than
  1.5 tons." Popular Mechanics, 1949

• ...data processing is a
• fad that won't last out the year." Editor of
  business books Prentice Hall, 1957.
• Theres no reason for
• any individual to have a computer in their
  homes, Ken Olson, Chairman, Digital Corp. 1977
• 640K ought to be enough for anybody." Bill Gates,
  1981.

the future is here...
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More?
Thanks for being a great audience
That ends this strange eventful history

• G.K.Salmon_at_open.ac.uk
• http//oubs.open.ac.uk/gilly
• http//oubs.open.ac.uk/e-moderating
• http//www.e-tivities.com