Properties of Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

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• Properties of Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

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Properties of Metals

• Metals
• Located to the left and below the diagonal line
  in the periodic table.

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Properties of Metals

• Metals are usually solids at room temperature
• Good conductors of heat and electricity
• High melting points and boiling points (except
  Hg)
• High densities (except some group 1 metals)
• Metals are shiny and reflect light

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Properties of Metals

• Malleable can be bent, pounded into sheets
• Ductile can be stretched into wire without
  breaking

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Properties of Metals

• Mainly have
• 1, 2, or 3
• outer shell
• electrons.
• React with
• nonmetals to
• form ionic
• bonds.

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Properties of Metals

• Metallic Bonds
• Metal atoms are surrounded by a sea of electrons
  because they are not held tightly

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Properties of Nonmetals

• Nonmetals are located to the right of the stair
  step line.

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Properties of Nonmetals

• The nonmetals exist in all three of the states of
  matter at room temperature gases (such as
  oxygen), liquids (such as bromine), and solids
  (such as carbon).

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Properties of Nonmetals

• Nonmetals are not able to conduct electricity or
  heat very well.
• Nonmetals have much lower melting and boiling
  points than metals. (Consider all of the red
  ones.)
• Nonmetals are not nearly as dense as metals.

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Properties of Nonmetals

• The nonmetals have no metallic luster, and do not
  reflect light.
• Nonmetallic elements are very brittle, and cannot
  be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets.

Sulfur powder
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Properties of Nonmetals

• They have
• 4 to 8 outer
• shell
• electrons.
• Nonmetals bond with other nonmetals to form
  covalent bonds.

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Hydrogen

• The Group 1 Nonmetal
• (oh, bother!)
• Most of the hydrogen found in the world is found
  in water.

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Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids are located on the staircase line,
dividing metals from non metals.
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Properties of Metalloids

• Have a mixture of metallic and nonmetallic
  properties.
• Can form ionic or covalent bonds.
• Semi-conductors Can conduct heat and
  electricity to some extent.