Egypt

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Egypt

• The Gift of the Nile

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Nut (sky)
Shu (air god)
Geb (earth)
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Menes (Narmer)

• First united Upper and Lower Egypt
• c. 3100 BCE

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Hieroglyphics3000s

• Rosetta Stone

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The Old Kingdom

• c. 2700-2100 BCE
• 2000 divinities
• Floods good crops vs. Mesopotamia
• Contemporaneous with Sargon
• Beginning of pyramid construction

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Osiris

• Lord of the Underworld
• Hope for the eternal

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Isis
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Horus
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Seth
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Anubis preparing the dead
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Natural Mummification
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• Canopic Jars
• Mummification
• Tools

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Saqqara

• Step pyramid of Zoser by Imhotep

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Mastabas
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Mererukes Mastaba 2200s BCE
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Giza
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Pyramids of Giza

• Great Pyramid Khufu (Cheops) c.2500
• Also mastabas, tombs, temples

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Valley of the Kings at Luxor
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Interesting Monarchs

• Pharaoh used c. 1400 BCE

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Hatshepsut

• c. 1500 BCE
• Tuthmosis II

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Amarna Revolution

• Amonhotep IV became Akhenaton
• Aten, the Sun Disk
• Egyptian Monotheism?
• 1352 BCE

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King Tut

• Became pharaoh at age 9
• Died age 19

No grave robbers?
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Tutankamen
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Regular People

• Mortality rates
• For Men 40 was ancientfree food
• Women 35homeless old ladies
• Infants 60-70
• Pregnancy always celebrated
• Marriage for girls at 12-13, boys 17-20

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Medicine

• Knowledge of organ functions
• Faith Healing
• Surgery
• Autopsy
• Model for medicine elsewhere