Consultative Meeting

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Consultative Meeting

• UNDP REP-PoR
• Synthesis of Rapid Assessment and Gap Analysis

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Structure of the presentation

• Recapitulation of process adopted
• Key energy delivery related parameters that
  impact on poverty concerns
  
• HDI, Electrification, energy poverty linkage,
  EPI
  
• Cross cutting challenges and action
• Cluster analysis, indicators
• Next steps

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Key Elements of Sustainable Development
Source IPCC 2001
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Process adopted for rapid assessment and gap
analysis

• Formulation of ToR and framework for country
  papers
  
• Process finalized in planning workshops held at
  Bangkok, August 8-10and September 5-6, 2005 at
  Samoa
  
• Formulation of country papers and country level
  stakeholder consultations
  
• Synthesis of country findings
• Consultation and finalisation

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Framework for analysis
Component
 
Key Variables
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Framework for analysis
 
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Framework for analysis
 
 
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Framework for analysis
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Outputs of planning workshops

• Consensus on the framework for analysis for the
  country reports
  
• Finalization of outline for developing the
  country reports
  
• Finalization of comments on the inception reports
  and consensus on developing the action plans
  
• Consensus on setting up of advisory/steering
  committees for developing the country paper
  
• Identification of specific support needed by some
  of the countries

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Synthesis of country level rapid assessment and
gap analysis
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Status of key energy delivery related parameters
that impact on poverty concerns
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Status of key energy delivery related parameters
that impact on poverty concerns
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Status of key energy delivery related parameters
that impact on poverty concerns
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HDI variation across different counties
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Electrification rates across different countries
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Incidence of poverty across different countries
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Energy poverty linkage in the cluster countries
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Values of combined energy-poverty indicator
across different clusters
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Overview of clustering arrangement
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Cross cutting challenges

• PRSPs do not incorporate energy as a key
  instrument for poverty reduction
  
• Institutional arrangements-split/narrowly
  aligned
  
• Local institutions not part of mainstream energy
  service delivery provision
  
• Mismatch between consumption (needs-biomass
  based) and policy (electrification or supply
  centric)
  
• Critical resources for socio-economic development
  get locked pvt. participation in energy sector
  - non-existent or unorganized

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Cross cutting challenges

• Lack of modern energy access both a cause and
  consequence of poverty - regulatory framework
  unable to address concerns related to enablers
  of energy access
• Despite heavy emphasis on electrification lower
  income groups still dependent on biomass energy
  and inefficient technologies
  
• ICs, gasification and RETs disseminated only
  through pilots-no up scaling

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Cross cutting challenges

• Energy provision entrepreneurship restricted by
  limited option/avenues for financing, inefficient
  technologies/ad hoc- weak regulatory processes
  
• SMEs/micro-enterprises saddled with inefficient
  options/credit constraints - modern energy usage
  
• Finance for modern energy options faces
  constraints related to short term loans, high
  interest rates, collaterals, etc.
  
• Micro-finance has not found its way to
  facilitating dissemination of energy efficient
  options
  
• Countries yet to develop effective skills for me
  of energy poverty concerns or solutions

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Cluster I-China

• In the past 20 years over 400 million lifted
  above poverty levels-average income up from 280
  to 1290
  
• Institutional arrangements driven by economic
  reforms
  
• Govt focus on energy programming and
  macro-managements
  
• Inst. arrangements mandate a decentralized focus
  
  
• Energy institutions linkages with NPALG

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China-overview

• Lower income groups (residing in rural
  interiors)- electricity use less than 1/3rd of
  general average
  
• In 2000 - 70 million hhs without access to
  electricity
  
• Regional imbalances in energy access based on
  levels of socio-economic development
  
• Straw and fuelwood use 54 rural hhs, LPG-1
  hhs
  
• Dominance of traditional fuels and inefficient
  technologies threatens to derail commitment
  toward MDGs

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Cluster II- The Philippines, Malaysia, Iran and
Vietnam

• Poverty and electricity deprivation levels
  highest in Vietnam
  
• Fuelwood and biomass meet 80 of energy needs of
  lower income groups in rural areas
  
• Modern fuel options like LPG not accessible to
  lower income groups
  
• Vertically split (along sub-sectoral interests)
  institutional arrangements constrained in terms
  of facility energy poverty synergies

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Cluster 2
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Cluster III-Maldives, Sri Lanka, Pakistan,
Bangladesh and Nepal

• High levels of poverty (49.8 population in
  Bangladesh lives below poverty line)
  
• Per capita electricity consumption 115 kW-hr in
  Bangladesh and 69 kW-hr in Nepal
  
• High rate of poverty and low access to modern
  energy indicate that cluster countries yet attain
  momentum in MDG commitments
  
• Socio-economic concerns not incorporated in
  energy needs as local institutions do not have
  fiscal or executive powers

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Cluster 3
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Cluster IV-Mongolia, Afghanistan, Cambodia,
Timor-Leste and Lao PDR

• Indicators of poverty on the higher side
  (Afghanistan 53 and Lao PDR 26)
  
• Development strategies oriented toward harnessing
  international support
  
• Poverty reduction strategies like NGPES in Lao
  have not factored in critical role energy can
  play
  
• Over 80 hhs depend on biomass and inefficient
  technologies
  

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Cluster 4
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Cluster V- Pacific countries

• PIC economies declined 1.2 per capita per year
  (1995-2002)
  
• Poverty of opportunity and hardships-data on
  common growth indicators not available
  
• Strong linkage of energy with development process
  exemplified by energy surveys strong
  correlation- income and energy consumption
  
• Niue, Nauru, cook islads, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu
  and Tokelau have better development parameters
  
• PNG, Soloman islands, Vanuata, Fiji, Marshall
  islands and Kirabati are less developed

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Cluster 5
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Key Indicators

• Number of decentralized energy service providers
  for rural areas
  
• No. of renewable energy technologies based power
  plants
  
• Per capita consumption of electricity
• Number of Rural Energy Enterprises
• Number of energy based SMEs
• Number of energy based women enterprises

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Key indicators

• Number of CBOs in energy service delivery
• Number of programmes promoting the efficient use
  of existing energy resources (e.g. improved cook
  stoves, micro photovoltaic cells, gasified coal
  etc.)
• Number of surveys conducted with a mandate of
  establishing energy-poverty linkage
  
• Number of service centers (health centres,
  educational institutions etc.) accessing modern
  energy services
  
• Number of capacity building programs for energy
  entrepreneurs

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Key Indicators

• No. of public private partnership in fuel supply
  chain
  
• No. of surveys conducted - energy-poverty
  linkage
  
• No. of service centers (health centres,
  educational institutions etc.) accessing modern
  energy services
  
• Budget outlay - import of commercial fuels (e.g.
  diesel for Maldives)

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Next steps

• Incorporation of comments and suggestions from
  the consultative meeting
  
• Dissemination to different stakeholders

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Thank you