Special Education Instruction

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Special Education Instruction Norms or
Standards?

• Dr. Thomas Ryan

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Behaviour Present in all areas

• BehaviourA learning disorder characterized by
  specific behaviour problems over such a period of
  time, and to such a marked degree, and of such a
  nature, as to adversely affect educational
  performance, and that may be accompanied by one
  or more of the following

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Behaviourally Exceptional

• an inability to build or to maintain
  interpersonal relationships
• excessive fears or anxieties
• a tendency to compulsive reaction
• an inability to learn that cannot be traced to
  intellectual, sensory, or other health factors,
  or any combination thereof.

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Basic Organization and Classroom Routines -
General Classroom Strategies

• The students should
• enter the classroom at the same time as the other
  students
• be seated so that he/she can see and participate
  in all activities and so that other students and
  the teacher can interact easily with her/him
• participate in classroom activities at the same
  time as the other students
• make transitions from one activity to another at
  the same time as the other students

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Normalize?

• leave the classroom at the same time as the other
  pupils
• have his/her academic and social progress a
  constant focus of the program
• be involved in class activities, e.g., asking and
  answering questions, group activities

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Blend Include Inclusion

• be encouraged to behave the same way as the other
  pupils, e.g., remaining seated during instruction
  
• be assisted only when necessary with that
  assistance fading as soon as possible.

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Communication

• The students should
• socialize with the other pupils and have this
  socialization supported
• get feedback from teachers and paraprofessionals
  in the same manner as it is given to the other
  students, e.g., praise, discipline, attention.

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Personal Appearance

• The students should
• attend to their appearance when the other
  students do, e.g., comb hair or put away extra
  clothes between classes
• dress in an age appropriate manner.

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Curriculum Modification

• The students should have the curriculum modified
  in such a way that they
• can participate in learning activities in the
  same manner and at the same time as the other
  students
• can participate in assessment activities,
  including access through the use of different
  formats or times

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Modifications include

• have access to additional material to reinforce
  learning, if necessary
• have access to additional material to extend
  learning, if possible
• have access to learning materials and equipment
  that are age appropriate
• have opportunities to work with other students.

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Teaching Students How to Study and How to
Organize their Work

• Study Skills
• Provide students with a sample chart for planning
  their study time at home.
• Encourage students to evaluate the effectiveness
  of their own study habits.

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Study Organize..

• Teach the RAP study method READ - ASK yourself
  what you read - PUT it in your own words.
• Teach how to create study notes. Pre-lesson
  outlines make excellent study guides, providing
  the stimuli for fact reviews. The use of recipe
  cards with topics, subtopics, important facts and
  questions is an efficient study method.

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Study Organize .

• Teach the use of mnemonic devices, e.g.,
  categorization, chunking, visual imagery,
  association, diagrams, verbal rehearsal,
  acronyms, funny sentences, enumerating, intensity
  of attention - highlights, rhythm.

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Organization of Work

• Calendar/Timetable Post a weekly/ monthly
  timetable. Record dates for completion of
  assignments, tests, etc.
• Personal Assignment Record Each student can
  record each assignment as it is given.

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Order !

• Task Analysis Break major assignments into
  smaller sections so that students see a workable
  approach to the task.
• Teach visualization of the finished product
  before starting an assignment and model 'thinking
  out loud' about what is needed to accomplish the
  task.

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Placements

• In Regular class Accommodate/modify
• 1. Special Educator Monitors
• 1. Special Educator provides some Resource
  Program support in/out of class? (40day)
• Out of class support regular/intense/E.A.s
• Special class Section 20 Behavioural
• Home instruction/Alternative settings
• Home Program medical needs/safety

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Being There You, T.A. (E.A.), Peer