When does Transition become Development

1
When does Transition become Development

• UNDG-ECHA Workshop on Transition
• Session 6
• Maldives Country Presentation

2
Before the Tsunami
UNDAF I (2002-07)
UNDAF MTR
June 2004
2002
2000
2001
2003
2020 Vision
Sixth National Development Plan
Presidential speech announces Constitutional
Reform process
2020 Vision
President elected to an unprecedented sixth term
in office
Millennium Five Summit
Maldives selected as pilot country for
Harmonized UN Office
UNDAF II
Sept 2005
Jan 2005
Jan 2006
Jan 2008
Sept 2005
Jan 2005
Sept 2005
MDG Report
Seventh National Development Plan
LDC Graduation
3
Before the Tsunami

• High economic growth (per capita income of 2800)
  and impending graduation to middle income
  status.
  
• Democracy Deficit Limited direct accountability
  to local communities and highly centralised
  government decision-making structures.
  
• Environmental vulnerability to rising sea levels.
  Significant waste-management problems
  
• Small but strategic UN presence for over 25
  years. Maldives selected as a pilot country for
  harmonized office.

4
UNDAF 2002-07

• Environmental threats
• Geographical disparities in access to social
  services
  
• High costs of service delivery and infrastructure
  associated with the dispersion of the population
  across 200 small islands
  
• A critical lack of trained human resources
• Weak employment and opportunities, especially for
  women and the large youth population
  

• High rates of malnutrition
• Vulnerability to external shocks due to the
  narrow economic base
  
• Urban congestion
• Gender inequalities
• Shortcomings in democratic governance, especially
  in the judicial structure.
  

5
Impact of the Tsunami

• National impact with over one third of the
  population directly affected
  
• 28,000 people displaced
• Over 6000 house damaged or destroyed
• Significant losses in the tourism and fishing
  economy with losses equivalent to 62 of GDP
  
• Cost of reconstruction estimated at around 340m

6
The Relief Phase
UNDAC Team Arrives
UN Flash Appeal Launched
GOM-UN-WB Joint Assessment
Feb 2005
Mar. 05
Jan 2005
Dec 26 2004
Dec 28 2004
Jan 05
Jan 31
Tsunami
National Recovery and Reconstruction Plan
Relief Phase Ends
NDMC Established
7
Short-Term Response

• Joint Needs Assessment carried out by GOM-UN-WB
• GOM publishes National Recovery and
  Reconstruction Plan (NRRP) focused primarily on
  asset replacement.
  
• UN provided substantive comments that results in
  Human Development and MDGs being reflected in the
  NRRP.
  
• UN involved in series of joint aid coordination
  meetings during the first half of 2005.
  
• UN develop a common strategy for recovery and
  Transitional Results Matrix.

8
Key Achievements

• The quick transition from relief to recovery
  thanks to strong coordination between the GOM, UN
  Agencies, and all external partners.
  
• A wide range of recovery programmes have started
  in partnership with the Government.
  
• IDPs have been registered on 15 different atolls
  and are being fed, sheltered and provided with
  health assistance.
  
• All children are back in school and there have
  been no outbreaks of disease.
  
• The UN Flash Appeal mobilized over US80m of
  which US16m went on immediate relief efforts
  with the remainder being used for on-going
  recovery efforts.

9
Where Do We Stand Today

• Implementation of the NRRP underway and new
  coordination structures developed to speed up
  delivery.
  
• The Seventh National Development Plan drafted and
  will incorporate the last two years of the
  recovery effort
  
• There is a three year window of opportunity to
  make a significant difference
  
• The Maldives can match its impressive economic
  growth with an equally significant transition to
  an inclusive, democratic society grounded in
  equal rights for all..

10
The Recovery Phase
11
UN Assistance

• Support to enhance the Governments capacity for
  aid coordination through the D.A.D.
  
• Resource Mobilization and Capacity Support
• UN Strategic Framework for Recovery
• Links to the office of the Special Envoy for
  Tsunami Recovery
  
• Support to insure information gets out to the
  affected communities
  
• Enhance transparency and accountability to
  donors and also to communities.

12

• It will support and complement the NRRP as well
  as the National Development Plan (NDP) in areas
  where the UN have expertise and comparative
  advantage
• Maintaining a focus on human development
• Attaining Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
• It aims to provide a bridge linking the recovery
  to the goals and approaches set forth in the
  UNDAF and the MDGs.
  
• The UN supports and promotes equality of social,
  economic, and political opportunities among all
  residents of all islands
  
• Women and men, young and old, residents of the
  capital and the outer islands, IDPs, host
  families, or families less severely affected by
  the tsunami.

13

• It aims to provide a bridge linking the recovery
  to the goals and approaches set forth in the
  UNDAF and the MDGs.
  
• United Nations in the Maldives supports and
  promotes equality of social, economic, and
  political opportunities among all residents of
  all islands
• Women and men, young or and, residents of the
  capital or the outer islands, and whether they
  are internally displaced persons (IDPs), host
  families, or families less severely affected by
  the tsunami.

14
The Transition Strategy

• Reflects adjustments in UN programmes because of
  the tsunami
  
• Looks at recovery as a process of transforming
  the challenges of the tsunami into opportunities
  to accelerate sustainable long term development
  
• Provides an overall framework to guide the UNs
  support to the recovery effort over and above
  bilateral support from specialized agencies
  
• Based on and supports existing government policy
  documents e.g. the NRRP and NDP and
  strengthens the existing relationship with the
  UN
• Gives a three year perspective of UN support for
  recovery and development in the Maldives
  
• Foundation for a long-term partnership with the
  Government of the Maldives.

15
Strategic Framework Principles

• MDGs, Human Rights and Good Governance
• Reduction of Disparities
• Focus on the Most Vulnerable
• Gender Equality and Empowerment
• Empowering Young People
• Neutrality, Trust, and Commitment
• Environmental Protection and Disaster Risk
  Reduction
  
• Equitable Regional Development

16
The United Nations will focus on

• Ensuring that the recovery process is focused on
  helping the country to get back on track to
  achieve the MDGs.
  
• This will take place alongside the promotion and
  protection of human rights
  
• The pursuit of the principles of good governance
  in accordance with the Millennium Declaration.