PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN

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PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN

• NATURAL CONDITIONING
• PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING
• PASSIVE COOLING
• DAYLIGHTING
• NATURAL VENTILATION

North Carolina Solar Center http//www.ncsc.ncsu
.edu/
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BEFORE WE BEGIN

• WHOLE HOUSE APPROACH
• ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• LIGHTING
• APPLIANCES
• INSULATION
• AIR INFILTRATION
• HVAC
• PLUMBING FIXTURES

U.S. Department of Energy http//www.eere.energy
.gov/buildings/info/homes/
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KNOW YOUR SITE!

• SOUTHERN EXPOSURE
• VEGETATION
• LOCAL CLIMATE
• PREVAILING WINDS
• HEATING SEASON VS. COOLING SEASON
• DEGREE DAYS
• VIEW/ PRIVACY
• ADJACENT PROPERTIES/ FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

NCDC Online Document Library, Publications
http//www5.ncdc.noaa.gov/pubs/publications.htmlC
D
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KNOW THE SUN!

• SUNRISE/ SUNSET
• BEARING ANGLE
• ALTITUDE ANGLE
• SOLSTICES AND EQUINOXES

Sustainable by Design http//www.susdesign.com/
design-tools.html
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O.K. LETS GET PASSIVE

• ORIENTATION- EAST/ WEST AXIS
• ROOM LAYOUT
• PASSIVE SOLAR COMPONENTS

NOAA's Geophysical Data Center - Geomagnetic
Data http//www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/geomag/jsp/Dec
lination.jsp
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MORE THAN THE SUM OF ITS PARTS

• COLLECTION
• ABSORBTION/ STORAGE
• DISTRIBUTION
• CONTROLS

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COLLECTORS (i.e. windows)

• OPTIMAL SIZING
• SOUTH VS. EAST AND WEST
• WHAT ABOUT NORTH?
• TYPES
• FRAME
• SEALING
• GLAZING

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GLAZING, GLAZING, GLAZING

• SINGLE, DOUBLE, OR TRIPLE
• INERT GASES
• LOW-E
• HARD COAT VS. SOFT COAT
• POLYESTER FILMS
• SPACERS

Energy Savers Advances in Glazing Materials for
Windows http//www.eere.energy.gov/consumerinfo/
factsheets/windows.html
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AND MORE GLAZING

• U-VALUES
• SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT
• VISIBLE LIGHT TRANSMITTANCE
• AIR INFILTRATION

NFRC - Fact Sheets http//www.nfrc.org/factsheet
s.aspx
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ABSORBTION/ STORAGE

• SURFACES
• COLOR
• PLACEMENT
• THERMAL MASS
• MATERIALS
• PLACEMENT
• DISTRIBUTION
• MASS TO GLASS
• COVERINGS

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DISTRIBUTION

• NATURAL
• RADIATION
• CONVECTION
• CONDUCTION
• MECHANICAL
• VENTS
• FANS
• BLOWERS

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CONTROLS

• SHADING
• OVERHANGS
• EXTERIOR
• INTERIOR
• LANDSCAPING
• REFLECTING
• INSULATING

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CONTROLS (CONT.)
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PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING SYSTEMS

• SOLAR TEMPERING
• DIRECT GAIN
• INDIRECT GAIN
• ISOLATED GAIN

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SOLAR TEMPERING

• INCIDENTAL MASS
• 5 - 7 FLOOR AREA TO GLAZING
• LOW-COST
• MEETS 20 - 30 HEATING NEEDS

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DIRECT GAIN

• COLLECTORS
• UP TO 12 FLOOR AREA TO GLAZING
• CLERESTORY WINDOWS
• SKYLIGHTS
• CONTROLS
• SHADING
• INSULATING
• REFLECTING

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DIRECT GAIN-STORAGE

• ALSO ABSORBER AND DISTRIBUTION
• 4-6 THICK
• 5 6 SQ. FT. MASS TO EVERY SQ. FT. GLASS OVER
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• EVEN DISTRIBUTION
• DIRECT SUN
• MEDIUM TO DARK COLORS

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INDIRECT GAINTHERMAL STORAGE WALL

• COLLECTORS
• SAME SURFACE AREA AS STORAGE
• SEPARATED BY 2-6
• ABSORBER
• DARK COLOR
• SELECTIVE SURFACE
• STORAGE
• SIZE DEPENDENT ON LAT. AVG. TEMP.
• 8-12 THICKNESS
• DISTRIBUTION
• UPPER AND LOWER VENTS
• 2 SQ. FT. FOR EVERY 100 SQ. FT. MASS

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ISOLATED GAINSUNSPACE

• LEVEL WITH HOUSE OR PIT TYPE
• PROJECTING OR WRAP-AROUND
• SUBSYSTEMS
• OPEN WALL
• DIRECT GAIN/ GLASS WALL
• AIR EXCHANGE/ STANDARD WALL
• THERMAL STORAGE/ MASS WALL
• PRE-FAB OR SITE-BUILT

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SUNSPACE REQUIREMENTS

• COLLECTORS
• OVERHEAD, SLOPED OR VERTICAL
• AMOUNT DEPENDENT ON AVG. TEMP.
• STORAGE
• DEPENDENT ON SUBSYSTEM
• 3 SQ. FT. OF 4 THICK MASS TO 1 SQ. FT. GLASS
• DISTRIBUTION
• VENTS, WINDOWS AND DOORS
• 3 OF WALL AREA

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ISOLATED GAINCONVECTIVE LOOP

• SOLAR COLLECTOR PANELS- THERMOSIPHON AIR PANELS
  (TAPs)
• VERTICAL OR U-TUBE
• COLLECTOR AND ABSORBER
• STORAGE
• RADIANT SLAB
• GRAVEL BED
• DISTRIBUTION
• DUCTS, VENTS AND/OR FANS

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PASSIVE COOLING

• NATURAL VENTILATION
• WING WALLS
• LANDSCAPING
• SHADING
• AWNINGS, TRELLISES
• VEGETATION
• THERMAL CHIMNEY
• FANS
• CEILING
• WHOLE-HOUSE

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DAYLIGHTING

• 5 OF FLOOR AREA TO GLAZING