SPORT SPECIFIC TRAINING

1
SPORT SPECIFIC TRAINING

• ENERGY SYSTEMS IN SPORT

2
Review of Energy Systems

• Biochemistry of energy production
• ATP-PC - Phosphagen
• Anaerobic glycolysis - lactate system
• Aerobic Glycolysis - aerobic system
• Aerobic Lipolysis - aerobic system
• Contribution to power required for exercise
  depends upon intensity and duration of event
• Contribution can be modified by appropriate
  training and dietary manipulation

3
Training the Energy Systems

• Training - we need to understand energy systems
  and the influence of training - induced
  adaptations on performance.
• Training must target systems selectively -
  combination of workouts aimed at stressing key
  energy systems specific to exercise

4
FUEL

• PRIMARY
• Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
• SECONDARY
• Creatine phosphate (CP)
• Glycogen (CHO)
• Fat

5
The Three Energy Systems

• ATP-PC
• high energy phosphates
• Anaerobic glycolysis (lactate system)
• glycogen
• Aerobic
• carbohydrates/fats

6
The 3 Energy Systems
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ATP-PC System

• 6 secs max work - 50 energy from ATP-PC
• Sufficient ATP for several contractions only
• 50 restored in 30secs, full restoration in
  3-5min
• Primary importance as energy store for short
  duration, very high intensity exercise - powers
  initial seconds of exhaustive work

8
Anaerobic Glycolysis

• Metabolism of blood glucose and muscle glycogen
  in the absence of oxygen (ie anaerobic)
• Produces lactate and H - inhibitory effect on
  glycolytic enzymes contractile elements
• Dominant contributor in exercise of 30secs-3min.
• Adaptation to training glycolytic/oxidative
  enzymes, muscle buffering capacity, muscle
  glycogen, and neural adaptations

9
Aerobic Energy Systems

• Metabolism of CHO and fat in the presence of O2
• Exercise gt60 secs are increasingly aerobic,
  dominant by 75-120secs.
• Limited CHO stores (2 hours) available
• Adaptations to training stroke volume and
  cardiac output, capillarisation of muscles,
  oxidative enzymes, muscle glycogen,
  mitochondrial density, plasma volume and RBC,
  changes to muscle fibre cristics (IIB-IIA)