Leishmania major

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Leishmania

• Leishmania major
• Leishmania tropica
• Leishmania aethiopica

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Transmission
The sandfly (Phlebotomus) The sandfly is about 3
mm long.
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Life Cycle
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Sign of Infection
Recent Sandfly Bites??
Small, red sore/papule??
Leishmania
Sufferin succotash. Ive been sabotaged!!
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Infection Worsens
Cutaneous
Mucocutaneous
Cutaneous Scars
Jeepers!!!
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Where Is Leishmania Located?

• major Dark Maroon
• Africa
• Middle East
• Soviet Asia

• tropica Pink
• Urban Middle East
• India

• aethiopica Yellow
• Ethiopia
• Kenya

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Leishmania major

• Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
• Found in sparsely inhabited regions.
• Papule ulcerates quickly, has a short duration,
  contains few amasigotes
• Most likely type to be found in canines

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Leishmania tropica

• Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
• Found in more densely populated areas
• Its lesion is dry
• Persists for months before ulcerating
• Contains many amistigotes

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Leishmania aethiopica

• Old World Leishmania
• Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
• Kenya, Ethiopia

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Prevention

• Preventing sandfly bites
• Insect repellent
• appropriate clothing
• screening of windows
• fine mesh netting around the bed
• Public health measures to reduce sandfly
  population

Permethrin Aerosol
Citronella Lotion
Varmint, I'm a-gonna blow you to smithereens!
Deet
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Further Prevention
Most cases heal without treatment, leaving the
person immune to further infection. Resistance to
drugs has been reported More toxic
drugsamphotericin Require long treatment regimes
Becoming more ineffective Impossible to control
with single approach or tool. Control depends on
early detection and drug treatment Mass
vaccinations with controlled infections showed
promising resultsprograms ended when it was
discovered that parasites persisted in immune
hosts. Research is being done on mice for
Leishmania major.influenced by another gene,
Scl-1controls healer and nonhealer phenotypes.
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For Your Info.

• Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is often confused with
  Leprosy
• Leishmaniasis affects 88 countries worldwide
• There are 23 species of Leishmania
• Leishmaniasis is responsible for more than 80,000
  deaths annually
• Males are more commonly infected

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