Title: Eating Disorders
1Eating Disorders
2An Overview of Eating Disorders
- Two Main Types
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Share Strong Drive to be Thin
- Largely a Female Problem
- Largely a Westernized Problem
- Largely an Upper SES Problem
- Many Die as a Result!
3Do I Have an Eating Disorder?
- I worry about gaining weight.
- I am preoccupied with losing weight.
- I frequently diet or feel the need to be on a
diet. - My mood depends on my weight (e.g., if I gain 1
pound I am depressed, irritable, etc.) - I feel bad about myself if I gain weight.
4Do I Have an Eating Disorder?
- If I gain one pound, I worry that I will continue
to gain weight. - I think of certain foods as being either good
or bad and feel guilty about eating bad
foods. - I use food to comfort myself.
- When I am eating I, at times, feel I have lost
control.
5Do I Have an Eating Disorder?
- I spend a significant amout of time thinking
about food and when I will eat. - I try to hide how much I eat.
- I have thought about (or have) self-induced
vomiting as a means of weight control.
6Do I Have an Eating Disorder?
- After eating, I may use laxatives, diuretics,
exercise, etc. to prevent weight gain. - I am dissatisfied with my body size and shape.
- I eat until I feel stuffed.
IS YOUR TOTAL gt 5??
7The Nature of Bulimia Nervosa
- Binging
- Eat Large Amounts of Food
- Eating is Out of Control
- Compensatory Behaviors
- Purging via Self-Induced Vomitting
- Laxatives, Diuretics, Exercise
8The Nature of Bulimia Nervosa
Restrictors
Amt of Milk Shake
Normals
TIME 1
TIME 2
TIME 3
9The Nature of Bulimia Nervosa
SNACK
Bulimics
Body Size Estimate
Normals
10The Nature of Bulimia Nervosa
- Salivary Gland Enlargement
- Eroded Dental Enamel
- Electrolyte Imbalance
- Intestinal Problems
- Calluses on Fingers and Hands
11The Nature of Bulimia Nervosa
- More Severe Form Purging Type
- Most Have Other DSM Disorders
- Paradoxically
- Purging is an Inefficient Means to Reduce Weight
- A Closely Related Disorder
- Binge-Eating Disorder
12The Nature of Bulimia Nervosa
- 90-95 are Women
- White Middle-to-Upper Middle Class
- Onset 16-19 Years of Age
- 6-8 College Women
- About 2.8 Population Overall
- Chronic if Left Untreated
13The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Morbid Fear of
- Gaining Weight
- Losing Control Over Eating
- Deliberate Weight Loss
- 15 Below Expected Normal
- Life-Threatening Consequences
14The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Restricting Type
- Excessive Dieting
- Binge-Eating-Purging Type
- Rely on Purging
- About Half of All Cases
- More Impulsive Behavior
15The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
16MALES ATTRACTIVE
Females Ideal
Females Current
Females Attractive
17The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Amenorrhea
- Dry Skin
- Brittle Hair or Nails
- Sensitivity to Cold
- Lanugo
- Heart Problems
- Electrolyte Imbalance
18The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Associated Features and Facts
- Begins Early in Adolescence
- Perfectionistic High-Achievers
- All-or-None Thinking
- Obsessive and Orderly
- Comorbid DSM Disorders
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- Substance Abuse
19The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Social and Cultural Factors
- Thinness Equals Success
- Has Increased Over Time
- Media
- Sets Impossible Idealized Images
20The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- When Food is Restricted
- We Become Preoccupied With It!
- Media
- Sets Impossible Idealized Images
21The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Family Influences
- Successful and Driven
- Concerned About Appearances
- Eager to Maintain Harmony
- Deny or Ignore Conflicts
- Lack of Open Communication
22The Nature of Anorexia Nervosa
- Biological Influences
- Runs in Families
- Unclear What is Inherited
- Psychological Influences
- Diminished Sense of Control
- Low Self-Esteem
23The Treatment of Eating Disorders
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Education About Eating Behavior
- Scheduled Eating
- Alter Thinking About Shape, Eating, and Weight
- Treatment Works!
24The Treatment of Eating Disorders
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Must Restore Normal Weight!
- Most Will Gain Weight (Easy)
- Keeping the Weight On (Hard)
- Treatment Similar to Bulimia
- Treatment Can Work!
25Other Eating Disorders
- Regurgitating and Reswallowing Food
- Disorder of Infancy--Adolescence
- Can Occur With Bulimia
- High Mortality Rate (25)
26Other Eating Disorders
- Infants and MR Populations
- Eating Non-Nutritive Substances
- paint, string, hair, feces,
27Other Eating Disorders
- Infants and Very Young
- Failure to Thrive Syndrome
28Food For Thought
Are Eating Disorders
a Form of Addiction?
29Food For Thought
- Severe Craving
- Loss of Control
- Used to Cope With Negative Feelings
- Preoccupied with Substance
- Unsuccessful Attempts to Quit
- Denial
- Adverse Psychosocial Consequences