GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

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CENTURION UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
A Presentation on Deferential and TRANSMISSION

• Presented by -
• Srikant Samal (MER106)
• Amit kumar tarini(MER107)
• Mohan kumar garada(MER109)
• Avinash panda(MER109)

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What is a differential?

• Differential is the mechanism by means of which
  outer wheel runs faster than the inner wheel
  while taking a turn.
• it is a device capable of transmitting torque and
  rotation through three shafts, almost always used
  in one of two ways. in one of these, it receives
  one input and provides two outputs
• this is found in most automobiles. in an
  automobile and other wheeled vehicles, the
  differential allows each of the driving wheels to
  rotate at different speeds, while supplying equal
  torque to each of them.

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Purpose of a differential

• The differential is found on all modern cars and
  trucks, and also in many all-wheel-drive
  vehicles. These all-wheel-drive vehicles need a
  differential between each set of drive wheels,
  and they need one between the front and the back
  wheels as well, because the front wheels travel a
  different distance through a turn than the rear
  wheels.

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Differential
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Parts of differential

• Bevel pinion
  
• Cross pin
• Spindles
• Sun Gear
• Planet pinion
• Crown wheel
• Rear axle
• Bush
• Power from propeller shaft

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Parts
Pinion Drive Gear transfers power from the
driveshaft to the ring gear.
Ring Gear transfers power to the Differential
case assembly.
Side/spider gears help both wheels to turn
independently when turning.
Differential case assembly holds the ring gear
and other components that drive the rear axle.
Rear drive axles steel shafts that transfer
torque from the differential assembly to the
drive wheels.
Rear axle bearings ball or roller bearings that
fit between the axles and the inside of the axle
housing.
Axle housing metal body that encloses and
supports parts of the rear axle assembly.
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Operation

• Vehicle Going Straight The carrier and
  epicyclic gears rotate as a single unit and the
  differential unit helps the two half-shafts to
  revolve at equal speeds.
• Vehicle Taking a Turn The speed of outer wheels
  has to be speeded-up while those of the inner
  wheels must be slowed-down. So the speed of outer
  road wheel increases by the same proportion as
  the speed of inner sun gear reduces.

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Function

• Transferring power coming from the transmission
  to the left and right axle shafts
• Balancing the power according to the demand of
  each wheel
• To transmit the wheels while allowing them to
  rotate at different speeds
• Gears in the differential further reduce speed
  and increase torque to drive the rear wheels

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What is transmission system ?

• The mechanism that transmit the power developed
  by the engine of automobile to the driving wheels
  is called transmission system

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TRANSMISSION

• It is a device which is located between the
  clutch and the propeller shaft.
• PURPOSE OF TRANSMISSION
• It is used to provide high torque during
  starting,hill climbing , accelerating and pulling
  a load.
• It is also used to change the vehicle
  speed.

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Power flow

• Drive shaft spins the Pinion gear.

• Pinion gear turns the larger ring gear to produce
• gear reduction.

• Ring gear attached to differential case, hence it
• rotates with the ring gear.

• Differential case spins the sun gears which are
  attached to the axles.

• Axles transfer the power to the wheels.

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Function

• Transfers power from driveshaft to the wheels.
• Provides final gear reduction.
• Splits amount of torque going to each wheel.
• Allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds in
  turns.

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Autmobile Transmission
Most modern gearboxes either reduce an
unsuitable high speed and low torque of the prime
mover output shaft to a more stable lower speed
with higher torque, or do the opposite and
provide a mechanical advantage (i.e increase in
torque) to allow higher forces to be generated.
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Different kinds of transmission system

1. Manual Transmission
2. Automatic Transmission
3. Semi-automatic Transmission
4. Continuously-variable Transmission(CVT)

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Manual Transmission

• To perform the gear shift, the transmission
  system must first be disengaged from the engine.
  After the target gear is selected, the
  transmission and engine are engaged with each
  other again to perform the power transmission.
  This will challenge a new driver.

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Automatic Transmission

• The first range (or low range) contains the 1st
  and 2nd gears, while the second range (or high
  range) contains 3rd and 4th gears.
• The gear is changed automatically during driving.

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Semi-Automatic Transmission

• A semi-automatic transmission is a very advanced
  system, which still uses a clutch to perform the
  gear shift instead of a torque converter.

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Continuously Variable Transmission

• It changes the diameters of input shaft and
  output shaft directly, instead of going through
  several gears to perform gear ratio change.
• CVT only has three major parts a drive pulley
  connected to the input shaft, a driven pulley
  connected to the output shaft, and a belt.

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Units of Transmission System

1. Clutch
2. Gear Box
3. Transfer case
4. Propeller shaft and universal joints.
5. Final drive
6. Differential

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Transaxles

• Combination of transmission and differential in
  one unit is called transaxle.
• Transaxles are found both front wheel and rear
  wheel vehicles, but are common on Front wheel
  vehicles.
• Transaxles are both automatic and manual.

• Advantages include
• Reduced drive train weight.
• Improved traction.
• Smoother ride.
• Quieter operation.
• Increased passenger compartment
  space.

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Transaxle Axle Shaft
Inner Sub Shaft a short shaft splined to the side
differential gear and connected to the inner
universal joint. Outer Stub Shaft a short shaft
connected to the outer universal joint and the
front wheel hub. Interconnecting Shaft the
center shaft that fits between the two universal
joints.
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Conclusion

• We can conclude that both the systems are
  effectively interrelated with each other and
  plays an important role for the smooth motion of
  vehicle.

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THANK YOU!