Agriculture

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Agriculture NutritionalOptions for
ImpoverishedPeople Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)

• Keith Honey
• Africa Crossroads
• www.africacrossroads.org
• keithrobinhoney_at_cs.com

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Factors Affecting Nutrition of PLWHA

• Reduced family ability to work
• Knowledge of farming possibly not passed on to
  family (or even child managed farm)
• Income less than before
• Higher nutritional needs than before
• More medical (quality) food expenses
• Higher energy needs than before
• ARV drugs may not be safe if malnourished

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A Caution!

• Dont promote these in communities as being for
  HIV/AIDS
• Probably every option we talk about can benefit
  other poor, and possibly malnourished people

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Factors to Consider

• Nutrient density of the food
• Average good nutrition but extra energy
  needs -HIV but not AIDS energy
  needs up 10
• -Active AIDS energy needs up 10-30
• -Child w/ AIDS losing weight up 100
• Ability to swallow without pain
• Interaction with other diseases such as malaria,
  aflatoxicosis, hepatitis

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Diversify Food Options!

• Learn from the goat and the deer
• Browsers less likely to react to toxic substances
• Browsers can pay less attention to exact
  nutritional analysis
• (Knowledge of exact nutrient content more
  important in solving specific health issues)

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Goals of a Small Farm Resource Development
Program (SFRDP)

• Goals
• Finding new sources of income, food and
  employment.
• Improving the profitability and reliability of
  present farming operations.
• Backing these up with marketing studies and
  market development activities.
• Improving both economic security and nutritional
  balance by including a greater diversity of crops.

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SFRDP Goals (cont.)

• Reducing vulnerability to global economic swings
  by minimizing the need for imported items in
  operation of the farm.
• Reversal of the ecological problems caused by
  erosion and deforestation.
• Fostering an innovative, problem solving mindset
  among farmers.

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Small Farm Resource Center (SFRC)
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Functions of the SFRC

• 1 The testing and adapting of new ideas which
  have potential to aid in the development of a
  community.
• 2 Using the center and on-farm trials as
  teaching tools for demonstration and training.
• 3 As the name implies, make sure that farmers
  have access to resources (seeds, cuttings,
  breeds of animals etc.) in sufficient quantity to
  assure that popular and proven innovations can be
  widely adopted.

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ACs SFRDP

• Primary focus the small farmer, not large scale
  production agriculture
• Special emphasis high-yielding, high-nutrition
  low maintenance plants
• Secondary focus container gardening for the
  impoverished urban dweller

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Perennial Vegetables

• Advantages
• Far less labor
• No need to seek annual supply of seeds
• Can eat for years
• Less vulnerable to animals
• No till so less erosion
• Plants must have disease/insect resistance to
  become perennials
• More drought resistant
• Either special nutritional value, high yields or
  extended season (Critical for the sick elderly)

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Pigeon Pea Phaseolus lunatus

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Garlic (Chinese) Chive

• Allium tuberosum

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Moringa

• Moringa oleifera

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Nutritional Benefits of Moringa
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Nutritional Benefits of Moringa

• Contains 4 times the Calcium of Milk
• Contains 4 times the Vitamin A of Carrots
• Contains 2 times the Protein of yoghurt (wet
  weight)
• Contains 8 1/2  times the Protein of yoghurt (dry
  weight)
• Contains 3 times the Potassium of Bananas
• Contains 7 times the Vitamin C of Oranges
• Contains 3 times the Iron of Spinach
• Contains 27 Protein dry weight
• A Rich Source of Vitamins B1, B2, B3

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Water TreatmentRemoves 90-99.9 impurities.

• A coagulant anti- microbial
  agent
• Dosage (seeds/liter)
• Low Turbidity 1/4
  Med Turbidity 1/2
• High Turbidity 1/1
• xHigh Turbidity 2/1

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Chaya

• Cnidoscolus aconitifolius

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Katuk

• Sauropus androgynous USDA Daily
• Recommendation
• Katuk vs. Spinach
• Protein 9.8 0.9
• Calcium 5.1 1.5
• Iron 15 2.3
• Vitamin C 138 7.0
• Vitamin A 22 27.6

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Seven-Year Lima Bean

• Phaseolus lunatus
• -Produces beans for human con-
• sumption forage for animals
• - Produces for many years
• - Dense, cover crop for tropical, dry regions
  providing weed surpression
• - Green manure adding nitrogen to the soil

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Hopi Red Lima Bean Phaseolus lunatus
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An Ancient Grain

• Immortal amarant, a flower which once
• In paradise, fast by the tree of life,
• Began to bloom but soon for man's offence
• To heaven removed, where first it grew, there
  grows,
• And flowers aloft, shading the fount of life,
• And where the river of bliss through midst of
  heaven
• Rolls o'er elysian flowers her amber stream
• With these that never fade the spirits elect
• Bind their resplendent locks.
• John Miltons Paradise Lost (1667), iii. 353

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Grain Amaranth Amaranthus cruentus

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Amaranthus cruentus

• Amaranth, mixed with
• corn, ready for harvest
• near Patzcuaro,
• Mexico

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Amaranthus caudatus
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Amaranthus hypochondriacus

• Harvest near Toluca, Mexico

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As Nutritious as it is small!
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Popped Amaranth

• Alegria Balls

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Vegetable Amaranth (A. cruentus)

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Appropriate Technology Improved cook stove design
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Methane Gas Production

• A 50/50 Mixture of
• manure and water
• produces gas for
• six months

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Offering Hope for Tomorrow Today!

• Keith Honey
• 14050 C.R. 236
• Terrell, TX 75160
• 972.524.4060 (H) P.O. Box 1025
• 214.405.9050 (M) Kasane
• keithrobinhoney_at_cs.com Botswana
• www.africacrossroads.org