Fiber Optics: The Future Of The Internet

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Fiber Optics The Future Of The Internet

• Leonard David

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Outline

• Fiber Optics What is it?
• Research Questions
• History
• What it does today
• Types of Cables
• The Future

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Fiber Optics What Is It?

• Fiber Optics are cables that are made of optical
  fibers that can transmit large amounts of
  information at the speed of light.
  (www.dictionary.com)

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Research Questions

• What can fiber optics do for us in the future?
• Improve our communication
• Faster internet connection
• What would the Internet look like if this could
  happen?
• Streaming capabilities
• Download capabilities
• What is being done to make this transition
  happen?
• Government action
• Private Companies at work

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Research Resources

• Internet
• Library
• Magazines (IEEE)

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History

• 1961-Industry researchers Elias Snitzer and Will
  Hicks demonstrate a laser beam directed through a
  thin glass fiber. The fibers core is small
  enough that the light follows a single path, but
  most scientists still consider fibers unsuitable
  for communications because of the high loss of
  light across long distances. (www.greatachievemen
  ts.com.)
• 1970- Researchers find a way to super purify
  glass fibers.
• 1980- Att installs first set of fiber optic
  cables in major cities.

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History

• 1988- First transatlantic cable
• 1996- First transpacific cable
• 1997- First Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe
  (FLAG)

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Present

• Telecommunications
• Internet Access
• Cable and Satellite Television
• Decorative Light Source

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The Cable

• Fiber Optic have three major characteristics
• Composed of fibers either glass or plastic and
  sometimes both
• Are very flexible
• Have different tips

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Components

• Outside Jacket
• Cladding
• Core

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Glass Fibers
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Characteristics

• Glass Core
• Glass Cladding
• Ultra Pure Ultra Transparent Glass
• Made Of Silicon Dioxide
• Low Attenuation
• Popular among industries

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Plastic Fibers
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Characteristics

• Core Generally Consists Of Polymethyl
  Methacrylate (Acrylic Glass) (PMMA) Coated With A
  Fluoropolymer
• High Attenuation
• Used Mostly In Automotives
• Affordable
• Very Durable

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Plastic Clad-Silica(PCS)

• Glass Fiber Core sometimes silicone
• Cladding is Plastic or silicone
• Silicone covering and insulators
• Not common
• Has Defects

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Government Involvement

• United States Itself has fallen behind Europe
• Pace of fiber optic expansion has started to
  speed up again
• Research for having more soldiers at home base
  fighting using a robot

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Private Companies Input

• Several Private Companies have offered large
  scale fiber optic networks
• Underground networks are already in place and are
  being used by secret societies
• UCSB itself has eight rings of fiber optic
  networks on campus

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The Future
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The Internet
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• Bandwidths of up to 10Gbps
• Streaming Whole Movies in HD
• Effortless video conferencing with no lagging
• Gaming in HD quality that never lags