20th MOP Doha

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20th MOP - Doha

• Critical Use Nominations
• MBTOC Cochairs
• Mohamed Besri
• Michelle Marcotte
• Marta Pizano
• Ian Porter
• QSC Taskforce Chair Jonathan Banks

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MB Global Consumption 1991-2007
Consumption 2007 Non A5 - 6,000 t A5 -
6,146 t (approx.)
Note Reported Production for QPS Uses in 2006 -
10,275 t (approx)
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Progress in A5 Parties in 2007

• Reported consumption in 2007 was 38 of the total
  A5 baseline, down from 45 in 2006.
• Since 2003, total consumption (on average) has
  fallen by 1,420 metric tonnes per year (2003
  2007).
• Over 93 of consumption in 2007 in A5 countries
  is being scheduled for phase out under projects
  funded by the MLF by 2015 or earlier.

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Quarantine and Pre-shipment

• Largest remaining production of an uncontrolled
  ODS.
• Quantities for particular QPS uses not defined -
  last detailed survey was in 2002.
• 2006 QPS production - 34 of total MB production.

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MBTOC Workplan for 2009 CUN Round
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Meta-analysis Update

• The TEAP Special Report was published in May
  2006.
• Clarification on the metaanalysis process was
  supplied to the US in May 2007.
• Detailed description of all studies,treatments
  and all published papers used in meta-analysis
  was also supplied to the US in August 2007.
• Response to Decision XIX/9 provided to the
  OEWG-28 in 2008.
• In response to issues raised at the OEWG a
  teleconference with the US was held and a summary
  provided in August 2008.
• After further requests at a bilateral meeting
  held in Alassio in September 2008 a detailed
  written response was provided to the US.

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20th MOP - Doha

Critical Use Nomination Overview
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Trends in Total Amount (mt) of MB Approved or
Nominated for Critical Uses from 2005 - 2010
Total amounts approved for critical uses
continue to fall in all countries, but at
different rates.
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MB Amounts Approved or Recommended for Approval
by Parties for Continuing Nominations (2005 to
2010)
NZ, Switzerland and the EC have ceased
submitting CUNs.
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2008 Nominations and Recommendations by Party
(metric tonnes)
MBTOC recommended amounts under consideration for
the 2008 round are shown in brackets.
Renominated amount.
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Progress in MB Phase out by Sector

• In the 2008 round, MBTOC considered nominations
  for 4740 t MB for soils uses and 321 t MB for
  post harvest uses requested for either 2009 and
  2010. Amounts in 2010 were revised downwards by
  602 t.
• 95 of the reduction of MB for controlled uses in
  non A5 countries is for phase out for preplant
  soil uses.

MB Consumption (tonnes)
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Reported Stocks of MB (Dec IX/6 1,bii)
MBTOC has not accounted for stocks when
evaluating CUNs

Quantity of MB as reported by
Party
Parties at the end of 2007
(metric tonnes)

0
Australia
Canada
0.348

EC
8.446
190.450
Israel
Japan
17.594

New Zealand
5.500

USA
6501.000
6723.338
Total

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20th MOP - Doha

MBTOC Soils
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Nominations for preplant soil use of MB in 2009
and 2010
Israel has not yet applied for MB use in 2010
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MB Preplant Soil Use - 2008 CUN Round

• 31 CUNs submitted, 12 for 2009 and 19 for 2010.
• 10 nominations were reassessed based on new
  information from the parties after the OEWG-28.
• The US revised their total nominated amount from
  3722.23 t to 3164.982 t to account for uptake of
  iodomethane which obtained a new registration in
  Florida and reregistration in all States except
  California. (Revised nominations were received
  for tomatoes, strawberries, ornamentals and
  peppers).
• Japan submitted new technical advice on its
  action plan to phase out by 2013, and this led to
  reassessment of four CUNs (cucumbers, peppers,
  melons, watermelons).

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Changes in nominated and recommended amounts of
MB for preplant soil uses after the interim
report (May 2008)
Japan sectors reconsidered - cucumber, peppers,
melons watermelons
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Final recommendations for soil use in 2009 and
2010 (metric tonnes)
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Progress in phase out of MB for major preplant
uses - Vegetable crops

• The US (5), Israel (4) and Japan (4) are the
  remaining nominating parties. Other parties have
  phased out MB for vegetable crop uses.

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Progress in phase out of MB for major preplant
uses - Strawberry fruit crops

• US and Israel are the remaining nominating
  parties. Australia, EC (France, Spain, Italy,
  United Kingdom) and New Zealand have phased out
  MB for this use.

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Standard presumptions used in the 2008 round
 

• During the CUN round of 2008, the maximum
  dosage rates considered necessary for specific
  uses and film types are shown below.
• A review is being conducted of commercial rates
  adopted with different films.

Maximum rate unless certification specifies
otherwise
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Economic feasibility of Iodomethane (IM)

• At the request of the United States at the
  OEWG-28, MBTOC considered the economic
  feasibility of IM in a partial budgeting analysis
  framework.
• For many crops and locations, IM is an
  economically feasible alternative.
• The cost for fumigant is typically a relatively
  small share of total costs and variable
  production costs.
• After adjusting for dose rates expected to
  provide equivalent yields, IM/MB price ratios of
  1.4 to 2.0, result in percentage changes in net
  revenue which can be very small (lt2) for high
  value cash crops (gtUS50,000/ha).

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Issues raised by the CUN08 for preplant soil CUNs

• In early 2008, registration of iodomethane was
  obtained in 45 US States, and a non timebound
  reregistration granted. The US reduced the
  nominations by 558 t to account for this
  progress. Registration of IM is expected in
  Australia, Israel Japan.
• A number of other chemicals are now in the
  registration process for specific sectors,
  including dimethyl disulphide (DMDS) in Europe
  and the USA and ethane dinitrile (EDN) in
  Australia and a range of new herbicides.

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CUN Preplant Soil Uses - Significant Issues

• Australia and Canada could reduce CUNs if they
  adopt regulatory changes that lower MB dose rates
  and/or adopt barrier films for strawberry
  runners.
• Japan has further developed an action plan with
  alternatives identified to achieve phase out for
  all preplant soil uses by 2013.
• Israel is considering registration of
  chloropicrin and 1,3-D/Pic to reduce MB use.
• Israel, Japan and SE USA continue to increase use
  of barrier films to reduce MB dose rates, however
  they are still prohibited in California.

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MOP-20 Doha, Qatar

MBTOC QSCQuarantine, Structures and Commodities
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MBTOC QSC CUNs for 2007- News of Progress!

• EU publication of Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs)
  for fluoride resulting from SF treatment of dried
  fruit and nut commodities resulted in 55
  reduction in US commodities the 2010 CUN because
  their main export market is the EU.
• Development of alternatives for high moisture
  dates is being conducted under aegis of UNIDO.
  New information from the US indicates the dates
  in their CUN are also high moisture fresh dates.
• Applicants with CUNs continue to support research
  efforts on alternatives in commercial scale
  trials and adaptations and to make necessary
  contributions to registration efforts.

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2008 CUNs for 2009 and 2010
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QSC CUN Summary

• Australia rice 2010 nominated 7.82 tonnes.
  Recommended 6.65 tonnes. Australia reported rice
  growers beleaguered by drought will not adopted
  alternatives until rice harvest revert to
  pre-drought levels.
• Canada flour mills 2010, nominated 22.878.
  Recommended. Canada requested less MB than is
  required for one MB fumigation per year per mill.
  A new regulatory change allows sharing of MB
  allocation, within the sector, to the neediest
  mills.
• Canada pasta 2009 reduced nomination of 4.74 was
  recommended. This allows partial treatment of
  three pasta mills. Canadas currently has a zero
  MRL for fluoride residue from SF treatment of
  flour mills or pasta facilities. This makes the
  use of SF difficult or impossible under some
  circumstances.
• Israel dates nominated 2.1 tonnes. Recommended.
  Doing research to try to expand heat treatment to
  other varieties

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QSC CUN Summary contd

• Israel flour mills, 2009 nominated 0.3 tonnes.
  Recommended. Industry may replace MB with spot
  heat treatments by 2010.
• Japan chestnuts, 2010 nominated 5.4 tonnes.
  Recommended. Methyl iodide suitable but not yet
  registered.
• US commodities 2010 reduced nomination from
  43.007 tonnes to 19.242 tonnes. Recommended. We
  hope a new understanding of its date sector will
  enable the US to expand date research.
• US food processing facilities 2010 nominated
  37.778. Recommended. CUN indicates 2010 as final
  year for transition in herbs and spice equipment
  and processed food facilities, except cheese in
  storage.
• US mills and processors 2010 nominated 191.993.
  Recommended 173.023. Reflects significant
  decreases in rice milling and pet food processing
  approx 24 decrease in flour milling.
• US dry cured pork 2010 nominated 4.65.
  Recommended. There is no technically effective
  and registered alternative for this use.

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CUE/CUNs for 2009 and 2010 assessed in 2008 round
(metric tonnes)

• Total
• Initial nominations 321.808
• Revised nominations 277.746
• Additional quantity nominated for 2009 7.14
• Additional quantity recommended for 2009 7.14
• Quantity nominated for 2010 270.606
• MBTOC recommendation for 2010
  269.436
• Not including first round of CUNs in 2007 for
  2009

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Current Status of Technical Efficacy, Costs and
Adoption of Methyl Bromide Alternatives in Flour
Mills

• MBTOCs review of the current status of flour
  milling alternatives was published in May TEAP
  report.
• Flour milling is the largest non QPS post harvest
  MB use in CUNs from Canada, Israel and the United
  States.
• MB nominations have declined each year, but
  slowly.
• Some flour mill representatives express
  continuing concern about the efficacy and cost of
  alternatives.
• Fumigators with experience in alternatives say
  they work and costs are reasonable.
• MBTOCs report summarizes methods to ensure flour
  mill pests -- at all life stages -- are
  controlled with MB alternatives

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Key Technical Concern

• There are consistent indications of the
  ineffectiveness of SF in killing insect eggs at
  low or ambient temperatures,
• Unlike MB, current regulations do not allow SF to
  contact many food ingredients present in mills.
• These factors sometimes discourage the adoption
  of SF.
• As with MB, which also does not always kill all
  insect life stages present, other pest management
  methods could be deployed to keep the mill pest
  free.
• Insect eggs can be killed by increasing SF dosage
  rates, but adds cost and might not be the wisest
  choice from a total environmental perspective.

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Non-MB Mill Pest Control Findings

• Intensive sanitation and enhanced integrated pest
  management (IPM) are prerequisites to full site
  treatment.
• Heat treatments 50C for 24-36 hours - are
  effective when carefully planned and executed
  with additional pest barriers.
• SF fumigations should be conducted jointly with
  heat to a temperature of 27C (80F) to achieve
  satisfactory egg kill. In many cases,
  supplemental heat will be required.
• The majority of pest control operators achieved
  technical efficacy and comparable costs as they
  gained skills and experience in treating a
  particular mill.