Keeping Buildings Clean

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Keeping Buildings Clean

• Building-in Control of Contaminants to Attain and
  Maintain IAQ Acceptability

H. E. Barney Burroughs 770 594 1877 heburroughs_at_mi
ndspring.com
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What Makes the IAQDG So Special?

• Long Overdue with Advanced Tactics
• Standard 62Minimum Code
• Focus on Ventilation
• The Sponsorships with ASHRAE as Lead
• EPA, ACCA, AIA, SMACNA, BOMA, GBC
• The Scope
• Holistic
• Integrated Design
• Moisture, microbial, envelope, pressure,
  filtration, hvac, ventilation, contaminants,
  humidity, commissioning, maintenance
• The Team
• Region IV consulting eng participantshumidity
  awareness
• Experts from each of the above fields
• VALUE (29 till Jan 1 11)

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CONTAMINANT CONTROL STRATEGIES

• Source Control
• Elimination/isolation
• Ventilation
• Dilution
• Filtration and Air Cleaning
• Extraction

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OUTDOOR SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS

• Outdoor Air Pollutants
• Particulates
• VOCs
• CO
• Ozone
• SOx
• Moisture
• Soil Gas
• Cross Contaminates
• Exhaust
• Neighboring sources

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Pathways of Contaminant Introduction

• VentilationPumping
• Walk-inCarrying
• Infiltration--Leaking

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WHY OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY IS CRITICAL
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COMPLICATIONS OF TYPICAL OUTDOOR AIR AT SITE OR
LOCALE

• Urban Traffic
• Busy Airport
• Non-compliant NAAQS
• Elevated Ozone
• Soil Out Gassing
• High Pollen Counts
• High Temperature and Humidity
• Adjacent sources

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Urban Traffic
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Busy Airport
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Ozone and Smaze
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Prior Steel Mill Site
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Radon
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Spring Pollen
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INDOOR SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS OCCUPANT RELATED

• Occupants
• Body chemistry, personal hygiene, shedding
• Occupant Activities
• Recreation, art, science
• Career Aids and Devices
• Computers, printing
• Purposeful Activities
• Cleaning, cooking, insect control, redecorating

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INDOOR SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTSBUILDING--RELATED

• Building Materials
• Manufactured Lumber
• Ceiling Tile (secondary source)
• Floor and Wall Coverings (secondary source)
• Finishes and Coatings
• IT Equipment and Related
• Desks, Furnishings, Fixtures

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SOURCE CONTROL STRATEGIES

• Control intrusion of radon and soil gases
• Soil depressurization
• Provide effective track off systems
• Avoid walk-in contaminants and moisture
• Minimize IAQ impact of cleaning
• Selection of low maintenance surfaces
• Provide local capture and point-source exhaust of
  contaminants
• Locate outdoor intake
• Avoid exhaust cross-over

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SOURCE CONTROL STRATEGIES-more

• Control emissions through material and component
  selection
• Employ pre-installation venting and airing out of
  components
• Employ initial flush out of building

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SOURCE CONTROL STRATEGIESCOMPONENT SELECTION

• Review MSDS for chemical content
• Review component out-gassing test and rate data
• Identify Contaminants of Concern (CoC)
• Select Cognizant Authority to determine exposure
  limit(s) of acceptability

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MATERIAL SELECTION APPLIED
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FILTRATION AND AIR CLEANING (FAC)Using FAC for
IAQ Enhancement

• Improving Polluted Outdoor Air
• Ozone and acid gas control
• PM2.5
• Keeping Building Surfaces Cleaner
• HVAC distribution
• Reduction of COC
• Viable/pathogenic particles
• Treating of Troublesome Exhaust
• Augmenting Ventilation using the IAQ P

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FAC AT WORK
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Archives-Content Protection
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CONFERENCE CENTER/HOTELOdor Control
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GETTING TO KNOW MERV

• Minimum Efficiency after Conditioning
• Specific size fractions
• Over the entire loading curve
• Provides easy selection from Composite CurveMERV
• MERVEfficiency only
• Life cycle
• Space
• Pressure drop/energy

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TYPICAL COMPOSITE CURVE
Permission granted by ASHRAE, Standard
52.2-2007, Method of Testing General Ventilation
Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by
Particle Size
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GETTING TO KNOW AIR CLEANING

• Sorption is chemical specific and sorbent
  specific and it depends..
• Concentration and dwell time prevail
• Life cycle is variable and unpredictable
• ASHRAE Standard 145.1 published and 145.2 in
  publication

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GETTING THE MOST OUT OF YOUR FILTER SELECTIONA
BALANCING ACT

• Look at. . .
• Footprint
• Pressure drop
• Gasketing and seal
• Filter bank location
• Filter bank sizing
• Life cycle costing
• Pre-filtration

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EMPLOYING FAC WITH THE IAQ PROCEDURE

• FAC augments/replaces ventilation
• Acceptable in Standard 62 since 1981
• Requires more engineering rigor and evaluation
• Requires variance from most code authorities
• Enables energy reduction and operational savings

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WHEN BEST TO CONSIDER THE IAQ PROCEDURE

• Outdoor air is unreliable
• High internal contaminant load requires excessive
  ventilation
• CoC are known and measurable
• People load is dense and diverse
• Outdoor air has high humidity and temperature
  extremes
• Enhanced FAC already employed

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APPLYING THE IAQP12,000/yr
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Sports Arena/1,256,000/yr
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HIGH-RISE ATRIUM HOTEL 105,000/yr
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LOW-RISE ATRIUM HOTEL 10,000/yr
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OFFICE TOWER/9600/yr
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SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS for FAC

• Consider Contamination Control Throughout
• Apply Source Control Tactics first
• Apply Ventilation with Knowledge
• Employ Enhanced FAC Efficiency
• Never Apply FAC without Seal
• Consider FAC Life Cycle Cost
• With enhanced FAC is used, consider the IAQP

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SUMMARY OF IAQDG

• Thorough coverage of influencing factors
• Holistic approach to design and prevention
• Practical how to on prevention tactics
• Use of case studies as illustrative teaching
• Focus on sustainability, energy, and life-cycle
  cost
• Great overall value and cost (remember 29)

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The IAQ Design Guide is a Winner Because It
Recognizes

• IAQ is contaminant controlnot just ventilation
• Source control first
• Ventilation filtration and air cleaning
• Good air quality sets the standard for quality
  control throughout the construction paradigm
• Commissioning required throughout the process

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The IAQ Design Guide is a Winner Because It
Recognizes

• Fixing the causenot the effect
• Mold/effectmoisture management/the cause
• Site, envelope, and outdoor air to pressure
  barriers and humidity control
• Existing technologies and products applied
  properly better IAQ and sustainability
• Pressurization and balancing
• Equipment selection
• Commissioning
• Filtration and air cleaning

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The IAQ Design Guide is a Winner Because It
Recognizes

• Good air quality is a design process, not a
  single metric or measurement
• Good IAQ can be sustained in balance with energy
  conservation
• Source control rather than ventilation
• Positive pressure means less infiltration and
  uncontrolled energy loss
• Filtration through IAQ Procedure
• Superior building performance yields energy
  efficiency

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CONTACT

• H. E. Barney Burroughs
• Building Wellness Consultancy, Inc.
• 225 Mt. Ranier Way, Alpharetta, GA 30022
• heburroughs_at_mindspring.com
• 770 594 1877