Title: The Textile Industry
1The Textile Industry
2Objectives
- To understand the textile industry as the primary
material source for the apparel, interior
furnishings, and industrial products industries - To know the various segments of the textile
industry - To be able to follow the channels of distribution
of textile products - To be aware of the careers requiring a
professional knowledge of textiles
3General Fields of Textile Products
- Three Large Groupings
- Apparel
- Textiles used in clothing
- Interior Furnishings
- Textiles used in furniture, bath, kitchen and bed
- Industrial
- Textiles used in luggage, flags, boat sails,
gauze, bandages, dust filters, and so on
4Major Textile Production Segments
- Fibers
- Yarns
- Fabrics
- Dyeing and Printing
- Finishing
- Textile Put-Up
5Fibers
- The smallest part of the fabric
- Fine, hair-like substances, categorized as either
natural or manufactured - Cotton and wool are natural fibers
- Acrylic, nylon and polyester are manufactured
fibers
6Yarns
- Continuous thread-like strands composed of fibers
that have been twisted together - There are various types of yarn, from flat and
dull to slubby and lustrous
7Fabrics
- Made from yarns and are either woven or knitted
- Springs Industries and Milliken Company are two
of the largest U.S. mills - The range of fabric types and weights is
tremendous, fulfilling a variety of consumer
demands
8Dyeing and Printing
- Color is usually applied to the woven or knitted
fabric by either dyeing or printing - Dyeing is the process for imparting a solid color
to textiles - Printing is the process of imparting designs to
textiles - The purpose is to make the fabric more appealing
9Finishing
- Most fabrics need additional treatments called
finishes before they can be used - For example, special chemicals are used to make a
fabric water-repellent and suitable for a raincoat
10Textile Put-Up
- Put-up is the term used to indicate the way
fabric is packaged when it is sold - Most fabrics sold to garment and other
manufacturers are in a rolled put-up, where the
fabric is wound around a cardboard tube
11Primary Sources of Fabric
- Mills
- A company that owns textile machinery and makes
fabric - Converters
- An individual or organization that buys greige
goods (that is, unfinished fabric) - Importers
- Direct Importer buys fabric or manufactured
textile products - Import Mill is a foreign company that owns
machinery and makes the fabric and then exports
it to the US
12Secondary Sources of Fabric
- Jobbers
- Buys from mills, converters, and garment
manufacturers - Retail Stores
- Home sewers purchase fabrics sold in retail
stores - Overseas Agents
- A person or company that represents an exporter
or importer in the countries overseas where it
conducts business
13Buying and Selling Fabric
- Fabrics are purchased either according to written
specifications or from a sample - If it is according to specifications it must be
exact. - Specifications yarns per inch, width, weight,
thickness, breaking strength and degree of
colorfastness - If fabric is purchased from a sample, the seller
is required to deliver a fabric almost identical
to the sample
14Buying and Selling Fabric
- Fabric is sold either as greige or as finished
fabric - Frequently fashion designers or other end-product
designers work closely with textile mill
designers to create specific fabrics to meet
their needs
15Private Label
- Very large quantities of textiles are sold
directly to department stores, mail order houses,
or discount chains for manufacture by the
retailer or a contractor into private label
clothing - A private label is a retail brand in which
apparel or other sewn products are manufactured
specifically for a retailer and sold exclusively
by that retailer
16Market and Production Planning
- Each segment of the textile industry must plan
well ahead of the next selling season - Unless schedules are maintained and deadlines met
by the fiber producers, fabric mills, and other
textile companies, it may not be possible to ship
products when the buyers are ready to buy
17Seasons
- The two main selling seasons for apparel are fall
and spring - Fall season starts around August 1
- Spring season starts February 1
- The other seasons are summer and holiday
18Environmental Problems
- Air and water pollution
- Disposal of waste products
- Health of workers in mills
- Possible water pollution from home laundering
19Recycling
- Recycling must be an integrated effort between
consumers, retailers, manufacturers, recyclers
and the government - Recycled products include fibers, yarns, fabric,
garments, and used chemicals
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21International Trade Shows
- Interstoff - (Fabric Exposition)
- SEHM - The Salon International de lHabillement
Masculin - (Mens and Boys Fashions) - Techtextil - (Technical Textiles)
- Heimtextil - (Home Textiles)
- ITMA - International Exposition of Textile
Machinery
22Domestic Trade Shows
- ATME - American Textile Machinery Exhibition
- IFFE - International Fashion-Fabric Exposition
- Magic Internations (Mens Apparel)
23Textile Careers
- Nearly every country in the world is involved
with textiles - Requires areas such as design, creative talents,
technology, merchandising and management - Combines art, structured engineering, technical
styling, marketing, and business
24Textile Careers
- Administrative Assistant
- Consultant
- Converter
- Coordinator
- Education
- Environmental Protection
- Forecasting
- Museum Curator
- Production
- Public Relations
- Quality Assurance
- Reporter
- Sales
- Sourcing