Low Carbon Competitive energy supply

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Low Carbon Competitive energy supply A Member
State perspectiveBioenergy

• May 2013
• Timo Ritonummi
• Ministry of Employment and the Economy
• Finland

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Finland, total energy consumption 19702011,
PJFrom Oil dominance to better balance
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Total energy consumption 2011- share of
Renewables 29 in RES-directive goal 38 (of
end-use!)- share of Bioenergy 23
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Renewable energy sources 19702011, PJ
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Bioenergy in Finland

• Finland is one of the world leaders in the
  utilisation of wood-based fuels
• Almost 80 of RES is wood-based bioenergy
• Strong connection to forest industry
• The increase of the use of forest chips in power
  and heat production (multifuel boilers) will be
  based on cost efficiency, support
• Bioenergy 0... 13 /MWh,e
• Depends on CO2, with 20 /t 0
• Heat pumps 0 ... /MWh
• Wind power 83.5 /MWh,e
• Biogas 83,5 /MWh,e

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Electricity supply 19702011, TWhCHP in big
role market based main user of bioenergymost
boilers all latest - multifuel (FBB CFB, BFB)
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Shares of energy sources in electricity supply,
(2011, total 84.6 TWh)
Wind power 2020 goal 6 TWh 2025 goal 9 TWh

• Nuclear power
• in operation 4 units
• under construction 1
• in planning phase 2

CHP District Heat 18 CHP Industry 11 CHP
total 31
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Bioenergy climate in Finland

• Strong co-operation with government, research
  industry
• Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and
  Innovation,TEKES
• Tight connection with forest industry, synergy in
  biomass supply
• Whole value chain considered, not just part
  optimization
• Careful benchmarking for solution, not jumping
  into dark with goal setting
• Tailor-made solutions in RD and in politics
  (bioenergy 1)
• Case NER300 only bioenergy (biorefeneries)
  considered earnestly and proposed, one project
  (AjosBTL) Finnish company UPM in France got
  funding
• Updated Energy and Climate Strategy (for 20/20/20
  goals) published in 03/2013, strengthens the role
  of bioenergy link

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Use of Forest Chips at Heating and Power Plants
in Finland in 2011
Use, m3
Total use, m3
200 500 32 225 (65
GWh) 500 1 000 43 262 (86
GWh) 1 000 5 000 442 177 (884
GWh) 5 000 10 000 322 944 (646
GWh) 10 000 50 000 1 161 593 (2 323
GWh) 50 000 100 000 653 419 (1 307
GWh) More 100 000 4 060 525 (8 121
GWh) Total 6.85 million
m3 (13.71 TWh)
Rovaniemi
Oulu
Kajaani
Pietarsaari
Seinäjoki
Joensuu
Jyväskylä
Jämsä
Pori
Mikkeli
Tampere
Rauma
Valkeakoski
Kouvola
Lappeenranta
Hämeenlinna
1 m3 is about 2 MWh
Turku
Kerava
Porvoo
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Bioenergy Finnish companies handle the whole
chain
Feedstock - Feedstock Handling Harvesting
Logistics - Conversion to power, heat and fuels
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Examples of Finnish development 1/3
Biomass-to-Liquids process Forest biomass ?
gasification ? Fischer-Tropsch synthesis ? bio
wax ? bio diesel Status Pilot phase

• Finnish consortia
• Neste Oil Stora Enso
• UPM Andritz
• Vapo Metsä Group

Thermochemical pathways
Synthetic liquid fuels and/or hydrocarbons through gasification
Bio-methane and other bio-synthetic gaseous fuels through gasification
High efficiency heat power generation through gasification

• Bio-methane through gasification
• RD to produce synthetic bio-methane from biomass
  through gasification
• Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT

• Biomass gasifier integrated in a pulverized coal
  fired boiler
• Lahti I Foster Wheeler gasifier, in operation
  since 1998
• Lahti II Metso gasifier, in operation 2012
• Vaskiluoto (Vaasa) Metso gasifier, in operation
  2012
• Joutseno Andritz gasifier, in operation 2012

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Examples of Finnish development 2/3

• Pyrolysis oil
• forest residues as raw material
• industrial partners Metso, Fortum, UPM
• research partner VTT
• test runs in pilot scale in Tampere since 2009
• Fortum builds a first commercial biomass based
  pyrolysis oil plant in Finland. Metso will
  deliver the plant, which will be in operation in
  2013.

Thermochemical pathways
Intermediate bio-energy carriers through techniques e.g. pyrolysis and torrefaction

• Torrefaction
• dried wood chips are treated in 250300oC,
  properties resemble those of coal
• VTT has ongoing RD and European co-operation
• Finnish companies are jointly developing
  torrefaction

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Examples of Finnish development 3/3

• Bioethanol
• St1 Biofuels Oy distributed bioethanol
  production from waste streams
• development towards ligno-cellulosic raw
  materials
• UPM Oyj development on ligno-cellulosic
  bioethanol from residual fibres

• Bioethanol, biochemicals, pulp and paper fibres
• Chempolis Oy
• raw material e.g. agricultural residues
• technologies developed by Chempolis
• demonstration biorefinery in operation in Oulu
  since 2008

Biological and chemical pathways
Ethanol and higher alcohols from ligno-cellulosic feedstock through chemical and biological processes
Hydrocarbons (e.g. diesel and jet fuels) through biological and/or chemical synthesis from biomass containing carbohydrates
Bio-energy carriers produced by micro-organisms (algae, bacteria) from CO2 and sunlight

• Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) technology
• Neste Oil NExBTL diesel Development towards new
  raw materials (e.g. microbes)
• UPM Oyj biodiesel from tall oil
• investment decision in 2012 the plant in
  operation 2014

• Algae for biofuel production
• RD on a new concept to utilize industrial
  waste streams in cultivation of algae for
  biodiesel and biogas production
• VTT other Finnish research institutes
• 13 Finnish companies participating
• international co-operation

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• Limited Company (reg. 16.7. 2008)
• Shareholders
• major global companies (28) which have a
  significant stake in energy and environment
  related RDI in Finland
• the most essential Finnish research institutes
  (17)
• Industry driven joint RDI, open innovation
  platform

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Sustainable Bioenergy Solution for Tomorrow
(BEST) program

• Program duration 4 years (22)
• Estimated volume per year 4 MEUR
• Consortium partners
• Companies (20)
• Andritz, Arbonaut, Ekokem, Fortum, Gasum,
  Helsingin Energia, Indufor Oy, Inray Oy,
  Mantsinen Group, Measurepolis Development Oy,
  Metso Automation, Metso Power, Metsä Group, MW
  Power, Neste Oil, Pohjolan Voima, Senfit, Stora
  Enso, UPM, ÅF-Consult
• Research organizations (13)
• Aalto University, European Forest Institute
  (EFI), Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI), Finnish
  Environmental Institute (SYKE), Finnish Forest
  Research Institute (Metla), Finnish Institute for
  Occupational Health (FIOH), Lappeenranta
  University of Technology (LUT), MTT Agrifood
  Research Finland, Tampere University of
  Technology (TUT), University of Eastern Finland
  (UEF), University of Helsinki (UHe), University
  of Oulu (UOulu), VTT

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