Web Servers - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Web Servers

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... IIS part of the OS from the beginning .NET Framework add-on allows use of ASP.NET ... to create a shopping cart application Understanding ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Web Servers

1
Web Servers

Web server software is a product that works with
the operating system
The server computer can run more than one
software product such as e-mail and FTP
With both a LAN and the Web, controlling access
is very important
The Web server can be part of the LAN
Web communication and LAN communication are
different

2
Web Server Platforms-Microsoft

Windows NT (IIS 4)
IIS (Internet Information Server) was added in
the mid-1990s, and support for ASP was added
later
Windows 2000 (IIS 5)
IIS part of the OS from the beginning
.NET Framework add-on allows use of ASP.NET
Windows Server 2003 (IIS 6)
.NET Framework integrated into OS

3
Other Microsoft Server Products

Application Center
Allows you to manage a cluster of servers as if
it is one server
Biztalk Server
Connects to your business partners using XML
Commerce Server
Builds e-commerce sites in a short amount of time

4
Other Microsoft Server Products

Internet Security and Acceleration Server
Combines a firewall product with a Web cache
Operations Manager
Helps decrease support costs for a server
environment
SharePoint Portal Server
Set up a site that is highly personalized

5
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows

To determine TCP/IP configuration, type ipconfig
at a command prompt

6
How a Web Server Works

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) defines how
information is passed between a browser and a Web
server
The two most popular Web servers are
Apache from Apache Software Foundation
Internet Information Services (IIS) from
Microsoft
The original Web server from Microsoft available
on Windows NT was Internet Information Server
Almost two-thirds of all Web servers use Apache

7
How a Web Server Works

As is true with other servers such as DNS, Web
servers listen for communication at a port
The default port is 80
You can also create Web servers at port numbers
greater than 1023
Each Web server has a root, which is where you
store the HTML documents

8
Understanding HTTP

The current version of HTTP is 1.1
Virtually no browsers are so old that they do not
support 1.1
HTTP is a stateless protocol, meaning that each
Web page sent is independent of every other Web
page sent
This makes it more challenging to create a
shopping cart application

9
Understanding HTTP

HTTP 1.1 supports persistent connections
This allows the browser to receive multiple files
in one TCP connection
This can speed up communication
Although you see a single page in your browser,
it can be composed of many text and image files

10
Understanding HTTP

When the browser sends a request to a Web server,
it looks like
GET /hello.htm HTTP/1.1
Host www.technowidgets.com
The above requests the hello.htm file from the
root of the Web server
It specifies the host of www.technowidgets.com
There could be multiple hosts at the IP address

11
Understanding HTTP

The following shows some of the headers along
with the HTML that the Web server would send
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Content-Type text/html
Last-Modified Fri, 17 May 2005 182125 GMT
Content-Length 43
lthtmlgtltbodygt
Hello, World
lt/bodygtlt/htmlgt
The headers contain information about the page

12
Features in Apache

Apache 1.3 was used for many years but version
2.0 was released in 2001
Apache can also be used as a proxy server
A proxy server isolates your real Web server from
the Internet
Apache 2.0 has
Better support for Windows
Support for IPv6
Simplified configuration
Unicode support in Windows
Multilanguage error responses
Apache supports many programming languages such
as Perl and PHP

13
Features in IIS

IIS versions associated with Windows versions
Windows NT IIS 4.0
Windows 2000 IIS 5.0
Windows Server 2003 IIS 6.0
SMTP can be easily added so you can send e-mail
from your Web pages

14
Features in IIS 5.0

Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV)
Allows a server to share Web-based files
Named virtual hosting
Multiple Web sites can share a single IP address
Per Web site bandwidth throttling
Control bandwidth by Web site
Kerberos authentication
Secure Sockets Layer 3.0
Encrypted communication

15
Features in IIS 6.0

Increased security
Default permits only HTML documents
Expanded language support
Can use XML and SOAP
Support for IPv6
Increased dependability
Kernel-mode HTTP service
Self-healing mechanism

16
Components in IIS

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server
To transfer files between user and server
FrontPage 2000 Server Extensions
Used by programs to transfer files to and from a
Web site
NNTP Service
Used to create user forums
SMTP Service
World Wide Web Server

17
File System Permissions

Permission allow you to control access to the
resources on a computer such as a Web page, a
document, or a program
In Windows, the NTFS file system is required in
order to assign permissions
All Linux file systems incorporate permissions

18
File System Permissions in Windows
Permission Description
Full Control Full Control includes all other permissions and allows you to take ownership of the file or folder and change the attributes of a file
Modify Allows read, write, and delete
Read With this permission, you can read files but cannot execute them
Write When set on a file, this permission allows you to write to files when set on a folder, you can write to the folder
Read Execute Read files and run programs
List Folder Contents This permission allows you to view the contents of a folder
Special Permissions (Windows 2003 only) This is not a specific permission under the list of permissions for users, when this permission is checked, it means that this user has one or more of the 14 individual permissions set
19
Hosting Multiple Web Sitesby Port Number