Business Graphics Exam Wednesday 9th June 2004

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Business Graphics Exam Wednesday 9th June
2004 The exam paper is called DT Product
Design You will not be loaned anything! So you
must bring the following black and blue pens (no
red pen), HB pencil, colour pencils, rubber,
sharpener and ruler You may also bring
a stencil/template and a fine-liner pen. The
exam has 2 halves where you choose to design the
following Free-standing calendar and a Food
package Do NOT choose to design a bed or sports
wear!
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Food Packaging (Pizza) What would a pizza pack
contain? Different sizes and pizza toppings
sides What should food packaging do? Protect
its contents Keep contents warm Attract
customers What should it be made
from? Corrugated or foil lined cardboard sheet
Why would side dishes like coleslaw be served in
plastic containers? transparent
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Alternative wrappings for pre made pizza
include corrugated cardboard box vacuum sealed
plastic sheets moulded cardboard like egg
boxes expanded polystyrene boxes Which method
would be most environmentally friendly? moulded
cardboard or corrugated cardboard box What is a
disadvantage of using card or corrugated
cardboard? Not water proof
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Pizza Pack Specification Protect contents with a
corrugated cardboard box Display brand name and
contact details Provide information on contents,
sizes, weights, toppings Attractive colours and
images to attract attention of customers
(audience) Store flat-packed ready to assemble
when needed Include an inner tray or frame to
hold contents in place
material properties5.xlsTest
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Pizza image
Brand
Draw construction lines for writing.
Size
Oblique drawing of a cardboard pizza pack made
from corrugated card.
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2D Orthographic Drawing Top plan
view Side View
Brand
Thin construction lines
A1 pizza Pizza Hut, Shirley
Contents 9 pizza Ham Pineapple Coleslaw
Front View
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Pizza box assembled using PVA glue.
Tuck in flap
Dashed lines for folds, solid lines for die cuts.
Top, same size as bottom
Flaps to attach side to back
Back and front same size.
PVAGlue
Depth of front and side is same.
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Pizza box assembled with extra side flaps to
replace any glue
Tuck in flap
Dashed lines for folds, solid lines for die cuts.
Top, same size as bottom
Flaps to attach side to back
Back and front same size.
Some glue free boxes have extra flaps which tuck
in to the base
Extra sides trap the flaps
Hole in base for extra flap
Depth of front and side is same.
NO PVA glue
HWK practice making a glue free box then draw
its net
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Internal packing tray to retain side dishes like
coleslaw and beans.
How could you make the inner lining?
Drawing Test
Test
Who would like the coleslaw and who would prefer
baked beans?
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Different occasions and seasonal variations Name
different occasions when pizzas would sell
more? Meal times, parties, Give an advantage
and disadvantage for the following
packaging Foil lined box Cardboard box with
window Cardboard box without window Corrugated
cardboard box Plastic bag
Advantage insulation can see product Some
protection Protects well Contains a lot
Disadvantage cant see contents Weaker
expensive, Not waterproof No protection
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Print Methods
Business Graphics Revision
What are the 5 main print methods?
Lithography prints 1000s of copies on paper
Screenprint prints 10s or 100s on cloth and
wallpaper
Gravure Prints millions of high quality colour
prints for calendars
Flexography prints 1000s on materials other than
paper, such as plastic sheets, corrugated card
and wallpaper
Letterpress prints 100s of monochrome copies on
paper
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Print uses
Business Graphics Revision
Which print method would you use for each of the
following?
To print hats before stitching
Screenprint
To print 1000s of colour leaflets
Offset lithography
To print monochrome (1 colour) business cards the
old fashioned way
Letterpress
To print on cloth jewellery bags
Screen print
To print on pizza packaging
Flexography
Print millions of quality calendars
Gravure
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Printers Test
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For each of these categories state THREE
specification points, and give a reason for
each. End user (adults) Reasons Bright
colours to attract their attention and show
contents Images pictures to attract attention
and show contents Easy use easy to open box or
easy to change calendar month Manufacturer Window
in box to show the calendar or frozen pizza off,
but could steam up! Cardboard box to protect the
contents Waxed or laminated to protect card from
disintegrating in a freezer Size big enough to
fit contents Protection of the environment Use
recycle card to avoid cutting down new
trees Re-cycle symbol to encourage the box
itself to be recycled Non-toxic inks/glue to
avoid poisons and fumes
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Give more Specifications points and explain how
they relate to the calendar or pizza box Human
considerations Bright colours Look
attractive Good images Attract
attention Material/texture to give different
feels Style and Fashion Seasonal colours Red and
green peppers for Christmas pizza Latest cartoons
or stars Attract a new audience Manufacturing
methods (these can all be computer numerically
controlled, called CNC) Flexography a modern
multi-coloured print method Gravure expensive,
high quality colour prints Die cut mass
production cutting system
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Spec Test
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Package Materials
Business Graphics Revision
Give examples of packaging and their uses.
Vacuum sealed plastic sheet to protect frozen
pizzas and keep calendar pages together
Corrugated card to insulate and protect a pizza
Thin card for the back or package of a calendar
Wire spiral used to bind calendar pages
Foil laminated card used as lids or lining of hot
food
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What would a spiral, sewn and perfect binding
look like? SPIRAL Holes are punched through the
paper or card before the spiral is
inserted SEWN Several pages are grouped and
stitched together PERFECT BINDING Groups of
stitched pages or cardboard pages maybe GAFFA
taped or glue bound
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Papers
Business Graphics Revision
What are the standard sizes of paper?
Which is the standard size for computer prints?
A4
Name the different types of paper you can get.
Thickness or weight measured in grams per square
metre gsm Colours Textures Varnished or
laminated
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Drawing the front cover of a calendar
Annotate materials needed
Thick cardboard or board for back, glossy pages
for calendar printed by gravure
A3 if wall hung but only A5 if free-standing
Large title, could be embossed or given a
reflective metallic foil coating
2004
Attractive images, practice doing a SIMPLE image
Oblique drawing, sides at 45o
Paper for calendar pages printed by lithography
Stapled, glued or taped in to place
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State 3 properties for each of the following
materials to make a box or calendar. Material One
Thin plastic sheet Property 1 Transparent
(see-through) Property 2 Flat sheet Property
3 Water proof Material Two Thin card Property
1 Easy to fold net into a box Property 2 Easy to
print on Property 3 Easy to recycle Material
Three Thick board Property 1 Strong to protect
contents and stand upright Property 2 Relatively
cost effective for strength Property 3 Easy to
recycle
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What may be unsuitable or even dangerous for a
calendar?
Unsuitable Staples Toxic ink Stick on
eyes Pictures of naked ladies! Cellophane wrapping
Reasons Could prick fingers Could poison Small
parts could be swallowed Unsuitable pictures for
children Could suffocate children
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What will you need to consider for Health and
Safety and why? Materials No small parts as
these could choke if swallowed Non-toxic glue on
flap and on pages to avoid poisoning and
fumes Non-toxic colours to avoid poisoning No
staples to avoid pricking fingers No sharp
points to avoid cuts Tools (used during
production) Use safety scissors or wear armoured
gloves to protect against cuts Wear ear defenders
to protect against the noise of printing
presses Wear a mask to protect against glue fumes
or dust from die cutting Use guards to keep hands
and ties out of moving machinery like printers
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Name a safety consideration for each of the
following equipment. Tools Scissors or
scalpel Lithography printer (rollers) Die cutter
Safety consideration Take care to avoid cuts Use
screen guards to avoid getting fingers caught,
plus ear defenders against the noise
pollution. Use screen guards and armoured gloves
to avoid getting fingers cut off.
Health
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Special Finishes for Pop-up book or Toiletries
pack
Finish effect Reason Laminated cover To
waterproof Varnish Water-repellent Embossed To
give a raised or textured feel Cloth Vary
texture Foil To give a reflective, metallic
appearance retain heat
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Colour media- useful for one off prototypes
Colour pencils a wide range of colours for light
shading
Felt tip markers come in a wide range of vibrant
colours but tend to streak so are best done in
one pass, often as a zig-zag. Best for small
areas and lettering.
Airbrush blows a fine spray of ink, used on
record sleeves
Paints- water colours are washed on to
paper acrylics bright and quick drying general
paints enamels are glossy and strong but slow to
dry spray needs areas to be masked, melts
polystyrene
Chalk colours can be rubbed and blended together
Crayons can be used to give gloss to some parts
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Colours
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Software (Programs) What are the different types
of programs in use today? Word processors computer
ised typing Spreadsheets computerised pages of
maths eg EXCEL Databases computerised record
system DTP Desk top publishing Graphics Art
design programs like Paint CAD Computer Aided
Design CAM Computer Aided Manufacture Internet
browsers internet explorer, Google Control Progra
ms to operate electrical things like traffic
lights and robots
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Explain what the following packages do. Word
processor This creates pages of text which can
then be formatted and edited. Spreadsheet Holds
data in rows and columns for easier processing
and calculations. Database Stores records which
can searched, sorted and edited. DTP Desk top
processing An advanced word processor which can
organise text in linked columns with pictures
inserted.
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Explain what the following software programs
do. CAD Is a Computer system which Aids you in
Designing something, so it helps you to do
drawings. CAM Computer Aided Manufacture helps us
to organise or run production. Internet
Browser Helps us to search for information on the
world wide web Control (CNC) A program which
tells a machine or robot what to do
Test
Software
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Quality Assurance and Control 2 Quality assurance
checks which can be done before printing
are Check printer plates are ready and ink is
full Proof read master copy to check it is
correct before printing 2 Quality control checks
which can be made during production
are registration marks enables a visual check
of alignment colour check bars enables a visual
check that colours do not run out 2 Quality
control checks which can be made at the end of
production are visual check to look and see
if it correct check size is correct using a ruler
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Product life-expectancy Product Life
expectancy Re-use or recycle or
component Calendar One year only Recycle
card Pizza box One trip or Re-cycle
card months in freezer
Qualityquality9.xls
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Side Effects of Production
Finished products
Waste or recycle scrap
Incinerator Land fill New paper
Re-use
Pressure Groups protest against environmental
damage and include Green peace and Friends of
the Earth.
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Environmental
Business Graphics Revision
What are the 3 Rs of Environmental
considerations?
Reduce- materials in the product materials used
in packaging energy needed in production
Re-cycle use recycled materials to make the
product be able to easily recycle the product
Re-use/place design the product in components
which will be easier to replace or re-use
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Waste disposal
Business Graphics Revision
What are the 2Bs of waste disposal?
Bury- most waste is buried in land fill
sites biodegradable materials decompose
quickly aluminium cans can take 100 years to
decompose however, toxic waste may leak and give
off gases
Burn- this reduces the volume of waste but may
give off toxic fumes
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environmental10.xls
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Signs of quality or approved standards The kite
mark of the British Standards Institute is now
being replaced by the sign for the European
Community (CE). The CE symbol is designed from 2
semi-circles. This sign declares that the product
has met all European Directives. Ie it meets the
required standards.
CE
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