Understanding the Internet

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Understanding the Internet

• What is the Internet?
• History of the Internet
• A Sampling of Internet Terms
• Exploring Internet Services
• How the Internet Works
• The Future of the Internet?

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A Sampling of Internet Terms

• spam
• portal
• netiquette
• flame
• firewall
• DNS
• compression

• FAQ
• TCP/IP
• ISP
• Telnet
• FTP
• freeware / shareware
• compression

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Introducing the Internet The Network of
Networks
Provides exchange of data among government
agencies, universities, business, individual
users A worldwide system of individual
networks Data is sent in packets (electronic
envelopes) from source to destination Key
Features Interoperability Cross-Platform
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Introducing the Internet

• A set of standards (protocols) to define
  client/server communications
• Internet Address (IP Address) a computers
  location on the Internet
• Ex 165.230.29.70
• Comprised of domains (DNS)
• .edu .org .info
• .gov .com .biz
• .net .mil .name

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History of the Internet

• 1960s developed to provide communication among
  research institutions, military, government
• packet-switching technology
• 1970s expands to a quick-relay communications
  channel for research institutions
• 1980s hypertext, gopher systems
• 1990s World Wide Web (www)
• 2000s e-commerce, mobile, wireless

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How the Internet Works A Geography of Cyberspace

• Accessing the Internet
• shell access
• dial-up access with point-to-point protocol (PPP)
• cable and satellite access
• LAN access
• Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
• Backbones
• Internet protocols (TCP/IP)
• Internet protocol (IP)
• transmission control protocol (TCP)

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Exploring Internet Services

• bulletin boards
• newsgroups
• listserve / mail lists
• chat / talk
• (IRC, Telephony)
• FTP
• Telnet
• email
• www

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Using Email

• Logging on to the mail server
• Receiving mail
• Replying directly to the author
• Replying to all
• Using address book, alias

A dialog box prompts you for your password before
you can access your email account
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• Email addresses have 3 parts
• jsmith_at_jamestown.edu
• username jsmith
• at sign _at_
• server/domain jamestown.edu
• Other Features
• alias
• bounce message
• cc bcc
• return forward

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Composing, Receiving Forwarding Email
attachment icon
The attachment icon informs you theres more to
the message than text
Caution do not open attachments with .exe,
.com,.bac, .vbs extensions
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• Email protocols
• SMTP specifies how to send, receive mail
  describes format of message
• MIME how to send binary files
• POP (POP3) server temporarily stores incoming
  messages
• IMAP stores messages on the server

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Exploring the Web

• Welcome to the Web
• Browsing the Web
• Finding Information on the Web
• Search Techniques
• Evaluating the Information Youve Found

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Welcome to the Web
World Wide Web

• The hypertext concept
• hypertext
• hyperlinks or links
• hypermedia
• distributed hypermedia system

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Web Browsers Web Servers

• Web browsers
• text-only
• graphical text, GIF, JPEG
• Netscape Communicator
• Internet Explorer
• Web servers
• web site
• index or home page
• web pages

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Web Addresses (URLs)
Uniform Resource Locators

• A complete URL has 4 parts
• protocol
• server
• path
• resource name

Http//remus.ruters.edu/goelz/cs110/
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The Web

• Web protocols
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
• ltH1gtThis is the text of a major headinglt/H1gt
• ltPgtThis is a paragraph of text. Most browsers
  display paragraph text with a blank line before
  the paragraph and flush left alignment.lt/Pgt

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Browsing the Web
Menu bar

• Parts of the browser window

Navigation buttons
Program icon
Address or location toolbar
Status bar
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Browsing the Web

• Default start page
• Accessing web pages
• click a hyperlink
• type a URL in the address or location box
• click a button on the links toolbar

hyperlink
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Browsing the Web

• Using the back forward buttons
• Using navigation aids

One navigation aid is a links panel, positioned
on the left or right of the page.
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Browsing the Web

• History list

Options used to locate a previously viewed site
include the History list, the Go menu, the
Favorites list.
Favorites and bookmarks
Categorize and organize frequently visited sites
using the browsers favorite and bookmark tools
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Search Engines / Portals
Yahoo! is one of the most extensive search engines
Other search engines and portals include HotBot,
AltaVista, Excite , WebCrawler., google.com
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Evaluating WWW Sites

• What makes a good webpage?
• Author
• Sources
• server
• objectivity
• style
• purpose
• accuracy
• currency