Mastitis Treatment I AABP Guidelines

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Mastitis Treatment IAABP Guidelines
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Milk Cultures

• Infection level in herd
• Type of infections
• Source of infections
• Control and Prevention

Sears, DEEP 2001
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Milk Cultures
1. Select cows for culture (herd, HSCC, etc) 2.
Collect an aseptic milk sample 3. Collect
composite or quarter milk sample 4. Refrigrate
(or ice) sample at collection
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Mastitis Treatment

• Most mastitis is treated based on severity of the
  clinical signs. (mild, moderate, severe)
• Most clinical mastitis is treated by the producer
  or staff

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AABP Guidelines for Clinical Mastitis Treatment
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AABP Guidelines for Clinical Mastitis Treatment

• The immediate goal is to return the quarter and
  milk to clinically normal
• cost effective
• without causing drug residue
• using rational treatment protocol

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AABP Guidelines for Clinical Mastitis Treatment

• The immediate goal is to return the quarter and
  milk to clinically normal
• cost effective
• without causing drug residue
• using rational treatment protocol
• Secondary goal is to eliminate mastitis-causing
  organism
• prevent further damage
• sustain future milk production low SCC

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Treatment Guidelines

• Most treatment by producer or employees
• treatment protocol based on products labeled for
  mastitis treatment
• protocol should be written clearly
• adhere to the protocol
• record all treatments

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Treatment Guidelines

• Most treatment by producer or employees
• treatment protocol based on products labeled for
  mastitis treatment
• protocol should be written clearly
• adhere to the protocol
• record all treatments
• extra-label drug use only when no label
  alternative exist or recommended by veterinarian
  because labeled drug is ineffective

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Treatment Guidelines

• Treatment protocols should be developed with your
  veterinarian and based on
• types infections in the herd (bacterial cause)
• severity of clinical signs

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Treatment Guidelines

• Treatment protocols should be developed with your
  veterinarian and based on
• types infections in the herd (bacterial cause)
• severity of clinical signs

Many bacteria can cause the same signs and
severity, but not all bacteria respond the same
to any on treatment. It is good to identify the
types of infections to make the best choices.
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Treatment Guidelines

• Treatment protocols should be developed with your
  veterinarian and based on
• types infections in the herd (bacterial cause)
• severity of clinical signs
• Treatment protocol should be based on clinical
  patterns by culturing
• clinical cases
• bulk tanks for contagious bacteria
• cow/quarters with high SCC

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Treatment Guidelines

• Good records are a necessary for an effective
  clinical mastitis therapy program
• types of infections causing clinical mastitis
• past mastitis history
• success with available treatment
• stage of lactation
• stage of pregnancy
• value of cow as cull or price of replacement

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Mastitis TreatmentDefinition

• 1. Mild
• abnormal milk
• 2. Moderate/intermediate
• abnormal milk
• swelling, pain
• 3. Severe (acute - toxic)
• abnormal milk
• swelling, pain
• systemic fever, dehydration shock

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Treatment Guidelines
Treatments based on Clinical Signs

• Mild - abnormal milk
• Moderate/ intermediate cases
• swelling and pain
• Severe - acute or toxic
• systemic with fever, dehydration shock

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Antimicrobials and mild clinical mastitis?

• Collect milk for culture
• Streptococci have relatively high therapeutic
  cure rate as compared to spontaneous cure
• Infections that exhibit clinical signs initially
  should be treated (labeled)
• Recurring cases are less likely to respond
  (chronic) and account for a majority of discarded
  milk losses.

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Mild Clinical Mastitis
No history of Strep agalactiae in herd

• Complete milk out with aid of oxytocin
• No antibiotic unless there is no improvement
  after 2-3 days

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Mild Clinical Mastitis

• Relapses (lt21 days) more frequent in oxytocin
  cows
• Recurrence (gt21 days) did not differ
• Mean loss of marketed milk did not differ
• Streptococci greatest percentage of relapses and
  recurrences

Van Eenennaam, 1995
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Intermediate Clinical Mastitis

• Complete milk out with aid of oxytocin
• Intramammary antibiotic
• or Combined with systemic antibiotic and an
  anti-inflammatory therapy to reduce fever and
  swelling

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Severe Clinical Mastitis

• Supportive therapy
• fluids (intravenous or oral)
• anti-inflammatory drugs
• systemic antibiotic
• Contact veterinarian

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Acute mastitis antimicrobial therapy

• Intramammary infusions (labeled) to reduce
  potential effects of Gram-positive cocci
• Systemic antimicrobials to prevent septicemia
  (lt15)

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Acute Coliform Mastitis Therapy

• Antimcrobials will NOT replace a competent immune
  system!
• selenium-vitamin E
• concurrent metabolic disease
• core-antigen vaccines
• Shock is the primary concern
• Correction of tissue perfusion deficits

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Supportive Fluids

• 40 to 60 L of isotonic saline
• OR
• 2 L of 7.5 saline (hypertonic)
• Hypocalcemia is most consistent serum chemistry
  change

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Packet Page 3
Treatment Plan
Animal Treatment Plan AABP record sheet - 2A
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Sears, DEEP 2001