Title: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
1BACKGROUND INFORMATION
- Over the years, athletic training has evolved
into a specialization within sports medicine.
Its major concern is the health and safety of
athletes. In order to learn about the prevention
and care of injuries, we first must learn the
role of everyone on the sports medicine team.
2FIRST AID AND ATHLETIC TRAINING (PETH 326)
3Chapter 1The Athletic Trainer and The Sports
Medicine Team
- FIRST AID Is the immediate care or treatment
that is given to an injured or ill person before
professional medical aid can be obtained. - ATHELETIC TRAINING An allied health profession
that is concerned with the health and safety for
athletes and the physically active.
4Who is Physically Active?
Athletes? Blue Collar Workers? Recreational
Participants? Moms? Gas Station
Attendants? Insurance Sales Person? ETC.
5ATHLETIC TRAINING
- Athletic Trainer a specialist in athletic
training concerned with the complete health care
of the athlete.
6ATHLETIC TRAINING
- The athletic trainer provides a major link
between athletics and the medical community.
7ATHLETIC TRAINING
- The athletic trainer is responsible for injury
prevention, emergency care, and rehabilitation of
sports related injuries.
8History and Background of Athletic Training
- Prior to NATA in 1950
- Greek and Roman Period
- Intercollegiate Sports
- First NATA in 1938-44
- WWII
- NATA formed in Kansas City in 1950
- Growth and Development Since 1950
9SPORTS MEDICINE
- Definition A generic term used to describe a
group of professions that assist in the health
and performance of the athlete - Areas of Specialization in Sports Medicine
- Medical disciplines
- Athletic training
- Physical therapy
- Exercise physiology
- Biomechanics
- etc.
10Sports Medicine Organizations
- American College of Sports Medicine
- International Federation of Sports Med
- American Orthopedic Society for S. M.
- National Strength Conditioning Assoc.
- Sports Physical Therapy Section of APTA
- NCAA Comm. On Competitive Safeguards and Medical
Aspects of Sports - NATA
11THE SPORTS MEDICINE TEAM
- Athletic Trainer most directly responsible for
all phases of health care in an athletic
environment. - Team Physician directs the medical care of the
athlete and the care given by the athletic
trainer. - Orthopedic Physician directs care of the
musculoskeletal injuries. - Other Physicians
12THE SPORTS MEDICINE TEAM
- Coaches
- Biomechanists
- Exercise Physiologists
- Administrators (Athletic Director)
- EMTs Paramedics
- School Nurse
- Physical Therapist
13THE SPORTS MEDICINE TEAM
- Nutritionist
- Psychologist
- Chiropractor
- Others
- All are responsible to work together to provide
proper health care and a safe environment for the
athlete.
14Responsibilities of the Team Physician
- First, to serve as an advisor and director to the
athletic trainer or coach. - Physical exams and medical histories
- Diagnosing injuries and determining the health
status of the athlete - Deciding on return to play
- Attend practices and games
- Committed to sports and the athlete
15Responsibilities of the Coach
- In the absence of an athletic trainer and team
physician, the coach must assume the direct
responsibility for the health of the athlete.
16Responsibilities of the Coach
- Coaches must demonstrate a high profile for
safety, and show that they really care. - Respect the skills and insight of the athletic
trainer and physician, who must have the last
word concerning injuries. - Know legal responsibilities for injuries
17Roles and Responsibilities of the Athletic Trainer
- Performance Domains
- Prevention of athletic injuries
- Evaluation and assessment of injuries
- Immediate care of injuries
- Treatment, rehabilitation and reconditioning of
injuries - Health care administration
- Professional Development
18Roles and Responsibilities of the Athletic Trainer
- Education Council Competency Domains
- Acute care
- Assessment and evaluation
- General medical conditions disabilities
- Health care administration
- Nutritional aspects of injury/illness
- Pathology of injury/illness
19Roles and Responsibilities of the Athletic Trainer
- Education Council Competency Domains
- Pharmacological aspects of injury/illness
- Professional development
- Psychological intervention and referral
- Risk management and injury prevention
- Therapeutic exercise
- Therapeutic modalities
20Athletic Trainer Roles and Responsibilities of
the
- Injury Prevention and Risk Management
- Ensuring appropriate training conditioning
- Monitoring environmental conditions
- Managing protective equipment
- Counseling about proper nutrition
- Appropriate medication education use
21Athletic Trainer Roles and Responsibilities of the
- Recognition, Evaluation, and Assessment of
Athletic Injuries - Conducting Physical Examinations
- Understanding the pathology of injury/illness
- Utilizing Evaluation Procedures
- Referring to medical specialists
22Athletic Trainer Roles and Responsibilities of the
- Immediate Care of Injury and Illness
- Initial assessment
- Administering appropriate first aid
- Providing emergency care
23Athletic Trainer Roles and Responsibilities of the
- Treatment, Rehabilitation Reconditioning
- Designing rehabilitation programs
- Therapeutic exercise
- Rehabilitative equipment
- Manual therapy
- Supervising rehabilitation programs
- Incorporating therapeutic modalities
- Education and counseling of injuries
24Athletic Trainer Roles and Responsibilities of the
- Organization and Administration
- Record keeping
- Ordering equipment and supplies
- Supervising personnel
- Establishing policies of operation
- Maintaining athlete data
- Organizing insurance issues
25Athletic Trainer Roles and Responsibilities of the
- Professional Development and Responsibilities
- Being a lifelong learner of the field
- Maintaining CEUs for certification
- Educate the public
- Involvement in professional organizations
26Employment Settings for the Athletic Trainer
- Public and Private High Schools
- Colleges and Universities
- Professional Teams
- Sports Medicine Clinics
- Industrial Settings
- Hospitals
- Health and Fitness Centers
- Other Future Directions???
27Chapter 2Health Care Administration
28Establishing a System For Athletic Training
Health Care
- Develop a plan
- A planning process with those involved
- A mission statement must be decided
- Develop a policies and procedures manual
- Design an athletic training facility
- Size
- Location
- Storage facilities
- offices
29Establishing a System For Athletic Training
Health Care
- Design an athletic training room
- Special services section
- Treatment area
- Electrotherapy area
- Hydrotherapy area
- Rehabilitation area
- Taping area
- Examination area
- Records area
30Establishing a System For Athletic Training
Health Care
- Other concerns (PP Manual)
- Who do you serve?
- Facility and personnel coverage?
- Insurance?
- Emergency telephone?
- Budgetary concerns?
- Security and safety issues?
- Emergency management?
- Access to other health care providers?
31Establishing a System For Athletic Training
Health Care
- Other Concerns (PP Manual)
- Record keeping
- Medical records
- Injury reports
- Treatment logs
- Personal information
- Injury evaluation
- Etc.
32Establishing a System For Athletic Training
Health Care
- Other Concerns (PP Manual)
- Preparticipation exams
- Physician exam
- Station exam
- Medical history
- Maturity assessment
- Orthopedic screening
- Medical records
33Pre-season Physical Exams
- History
- Orthopedics
- Vital signs
- Vision
- ENT
- Skin
- Cardiovascular
- Urinalysis
- Drug Testing?
- Blood tests
- Cardio-Respiratory
- Neurological
- Lymphatic / Abdomen and Reproductive
34Sport Disqualification
- Certain injuries or conditions may warrant
concerns relative to continued participation.
However, the athletic trainer, coach, or even the
physician can only recommend. The ADA of 1990
clearly states that the individual athlete and/or
parents is the only person who can make the final
decision.
35Collecting Injury Data
- The Incidence of Injuries
- Accident an unplanned event resulting in loss of
time, property damage, injury, disablement, or
even death. - Injury damage to the body that restricts
activity or causes disability. - Risk of injury is determined by the type of
sport and the amount and level of participation. - The type of injury can also be expected by the
sport and level of participation
36Collecting Injury Data
- Incidence of Injuries
- Sports Classifications
- Collision
- Contact
- Non-contact
- Injury classifications
- Fatalities
- Catastrophic injuries
- Musculoskeletal injuries (contusions, strains,
etc.) - Acute vs Chronic
- Incidence knee ? ankle ? upper extremity
37Collecting Injury Data
- National Injury Data Collecting Systems
- National Safety Council
- American Football Coaches Association
- NCAA Nat. Survey of Catastrophic Injury
- NATA
- Others
- Using Injury Data
- Modify rules
- Education of risks
- Evaluate protective equipment
38Professional Preparation of the Athletic Trainer
- Professional Educational Programs
- Approved Curriculums NATA/CAAHEP
- Internship programs (not after 2004)
- Certification Req. NATABOC Exam
- Continuing Education Requirements (CEU)
- State Regulations (Licensure)
- Future Directions for Athletic Training
39Legal Concerns and Insurance IssuesChapter 3
40Legal Concerns
- Liability being legally responsible for the harm
one causes another person. - Negligence the failure to use ordinary and
reasonable care. - Torts are legal wrongs committed against the
person or property of another - Omission
- Commission
41Legal Concerns
- Statutes of Limitation sets a specific length of
time that individuals may sue for damages from
negligence (1-3 years). - Assumption of Risk assuming the risk of
participating in an activity while knowing the
dangers of the activity.
42Reducing the Risk of Litigation
- Warn athletes of the potential dangers of the
sport - Supervise regularly
- Properly prepare and condition athletes
- Properly instruct athletes in the skills of the
sport - Use proper and safe equipment and facilities
- Establish good personal relationships with the
athletes - Develop and follow an emergency plan
- Be aware of the athletes health status and
medical history
43Reducing the Risk of Litigation
- Keep good records of injuries and rehabilitation
- Document efforts to create a safe playing
environment - Obtain written consent to provide health care
- Maintain confidentiality of medical records
44Reducing the Risk of Litigation
- Use only the therapeutic methods and medicine
that you are qualified to give. - Work cooperatively with the coach and team
physician when selecting equipment. - Do not permit injured players to participate
- Purchase professional liability insurance
- Use common sense when making decisions
45Insurance
- Managed care
- Primary health insurance
- Standard policy
- PPO
- HMO
- Secondary health insurance
- Accident insurance
- Professional liability insurance
- Catastrophic insurance
46Third-Party Reimbursement for Athletic Trainers
- This is a new development
- It is very time consuming
- The A.T.C. must file insurance claims immediately
and correctly - The A.T.C. must use Current Procedural
Terminology (CPT) codes published by the AMA - Third-Party Reimbursement Research at IWU