UNIVERSAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM(UMTS)

1
UNIVERSAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM(UMTS)

• GUIDED BY
  PREPARED BY
• Prof. PRADIP PANCHAL CHOKSI VIRAJ M.
• 
  EXAM NO5024
• 
  

2
EVOLUATION OF MOBILE COMMUNICATION

• 1st Generation Analog Cellular
• 2nd Generation Multiple Digital System
• 2nd -3rd Generation GSM Evaluation
• IMT-2000

3
TOWARDS UMTS

• GSMA digital, mobile, radio standard developed
  for mobile, wireless, voice communications.
• GPRSAn extension of GSM networks.
• UMTSAn extension of GPRS networks.

4
INTRODUCTION OF UMTS

• Specified by the Third Generation Partnership
  Project (3GPP).
• Goal is the delivery of multimedia services to
  the user in the mobile domain.
• In GSM only data rates of 9.6 kbit/s are
  currently supported.
• In UMTS, data rates of from 144kbit/s to 2
  Mbit/s are supported.

5

• Provide the user with an even higher data rate
  capability.
• Key requirement is evolution of the core network
  architecture used in GSM to allow current GSM
  operators to upgrade of networks to support UMTS.

6
Spectrum allocation
7

• WARC allocated 230 MHz of spectrum for the
  implementation of a single world-wide 3G mobile
  system from the year 2000.
• allocation split into the frequency bands
• 18852025 MHz.
• 21102200 MHz.
• subbands 19802010 MHz and 21702200 MHz are for
  the satellite component.
• Remainder for the terrestrial component.
• ERC of the CEPT is responsible for the allocation
  of radio frequencies.

8

• 155 MHz of spectrum reserved for the terrestrial
  component of 3G systems.
• 155 MHz is split into
• Paired bands.
• Unpaired bands.
• Paired bands -FDD operation
• Unpaired bands -TDD operation

9
UMTS STANDARDS

• Vital that standards exist to define open
  interfaces between the various system components.
• ITU sets its timetable in 1995 for process of its
  3G standard, IMT-2000.
• ETSI is responsible for the technical development
  of GSM and UMTS.

10
ITU timeline for 3G standardizations
11

• SMG committee compared five alternative proposals
  for the multiple access scheme.
• Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Epsilon.
• FMA1 with spreading provided the basis for the
  Delta Concept.
• FMA1 without spreading the basis for the Gamma
  concept.
• FMA2 the basis for the Alpha concept.

12
ETSI UTRA air interface technology proposals
13
UTRA parameters
14
UTRA system architecture

• UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network, or UTRAN.
• A UTRAN consists of one or more radio network
  subsystems (RNSs).
• RNS
• Base stations (termed Node Bs).
• Radio network controllers (RNCs).
• Node B serve one or multiple cells.

15
UTRAN system architecture
16

• The use of multiple radio links across multiple
  cells in support of a single UTRANUE connection.
• links may exist across different Node Bs in
  neighboring RNCs.
• Iur participates in mobility switching.

17
Simplified protocol diagram
18

• Running between a UE and the UTRAN.
• Transport channels carry control plane or user
  plane data between the UE and RNC.
• MAC and RLC layer reside in the RNC.
• FP is responsible for the relaying of transport
  channels between the UE and the RNC via Node B.

19
Radio resource control signalling protocols
20

• NBAP runs over the Iub interface.
• RNSAP over the Iur interface.
• RANAP over the Iu interface.
• NBAP responsible for allocation and control of
  radio resources.
• RNSAP responsible for co-ordination of radio
  resources between Bs and RNCs.

21

• RANAP is used
• To support signaling across the Iu interface.
• For the establishment of layer connection
  between UTRAN and core network.

22
UMTS SECURITY

• The 3GPP
• Mutual authentication in UMTS
• Cryptographic algorithms for UMTS

23
1. 3GPP

• leading ideas for 3G was to ensure fully global
  roaming.
• To use the mobile system services all over the
  world.
• success of GSM had a two-fold effect on the
  development of the new generation system.
• Positive Effect
• Negative Effect

24

• UMTS was done on theoretical basis only.
• Lots of effort was put on the security side.
• Options remained open.
• ETSI from Europe, ARIB and TTC from Japan, ANSI
  from North America, TTA from South Korea formed
  the 3GPP.
• Sixth partner from China.

25
2. Mutual authentication in UMTS

• Home environment and Authentication Center (AuC).
• Serving network with Visitor Location Register
  (VLR).
• Terminal, more specially USIM (typically in a
  smart card).

26

• AuC has a copy of the subscriber's master key K.
• AuC derives authentication vectors of five
  components RAND, XRES, CK, IK, and AUTN.
• In GSM, serving network checks subscriber's
  identity by a challenge response technique.
• Terminal checks that the serving network has been
  authorized By the home environment to do so.
• In UMTS, in serving network, one authentication
  vector is needed for each authentication
  instance.

27

• The result of the computation gives USIM the
  ability to verify whether the parameter AUTN was
  indeed generated in AuC, and was not sent before
  to USIM.
• Verification is based on the value of SQN.
• Two counters are maintained synchronized in the
  AuC and in the USIM.
• Serving network compares RES with the expected
  response XRES.

28
3. Cryptographic algorithms for UMTS

• Three specification strategies
• 1. Select an algorithm.
• 2. Invite submissions.
• 3. Commission a special group to design an
• algorithm.
• Different implications to suitability, security,
  and timely delivery of the algorithm.

29

• Feasibility of each strategy is based on
  different assumptions about availability of
  resources.
• Separate strategy must be defined for the
  security evaluation of the specified algorithm
  before it is adopted for use.

30
UMTS SERVICES

• Internet Access.
• Intranet/Extranet Access.
• Customized information.
• Multimedia Messaging.
• Location Based Services.

31
CONCLUSION

• UMTS summarized as a revolution of the air
  interface accompanied by an evolution of the core
  network.
• Handover and backward compatibility with GSM will
  ensure that both technologies will coexist for
  many years.
• The UMTS Forum predicts that the number of mobile
  phone users will increase to 1800 million
  world-wide by 2010.

32

• UMTS is the technology that fuels this growth and
  delivers a whole range of exciting multimedia
  services to many new users.

33
REFERANCES

• Mobile Communication And Networking. By Darshan
  R. Amrutia.
• ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING JOURNAL
  JUNE 2000.
• Cisco Mobile Exchange (CMX) Solution Guide.
• European Congress on Computational Methods in
  Applied sciences and Engineering, ECCOMAS 2004
• www.umts-foram.org
• www.3gpp.org

34
THANK YOU