Bacterial Virulence Factors

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Bacterial Virulence Factors

• Some bacteria have certain cell parts that help
  them to invade other organisms better. These are
  called virulence factors.
• Some of these features are common to protists and
  fungi also.
• Can you recognise the ones shown on the next
  slide?

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A
Cell Wall protection, invasion, evasion
Flagellum - motion
Cell Parts
D
B
Ribosome production of toxins/attachment
proteins on cell wall
Cilia - motion
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Shapes
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Spores
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Grams Stain
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Toxins

• Some bacteria produce toxins which can cause
  further damage to cells or disruption to cellular
  activities
• Eg. tetanus disease caused by infection with
  Clostridium tetani which produces the tetanus
  toxin, causing all muscles to remain flexed by
  binding and blocking neurotransmitter receptors
• Eg. Botulism disease caused by food-borne
  infection with Clostridium botulinum which
  produces the botulinum toxin (botox) that relaxes
  nerves and prevents them from firing

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Gram bacillus
Giardia
Gram - coccus
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Colonies
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Growth Requirements

• Oxygen
• Aerobic
• Anaerobic
• Nutrients
• Sugar
• Carbon
• Minerals
• Sulphur
• Vitamins
• Moisture
• Temperature

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Reproduction
Spores
Binary Fission
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Pili genetic transfer/communication