Uses of Proxies

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Uses

• To keep machines behind it anonymous, mainly for
  security.
• To speed up access to resources. Web proxies are
  commonly used to cache web pages from a web
  server.
• To prevent downloading the same content multiple
  times.
• To log / audit usage, e.g. to provide company
  employee Internet usage reporting.
• To scan transmitted content for malware before
  delivery.
• To scan outbound content, e.g., for data loss
  prevention.
• To bypass website restrictions at work.
• Access enhancement/restriction

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How do I use a Proxy Server?

• Please be aware that the use of proxy servers
  without the express permission from the owner of
  the proxy server may be illegal in some states
  and/or countries. Use at your own risk.Use your
  favorite search engine and search for 'proxy
  server list'. You'll find many sites with lists
  of proxy servers, their IP address, the port they
  listen on, and usually what country they are in.
  Write down a few of them.

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Proxy Types
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Transparent Proxy

• This type of proxy server identifies itself as a
  proxy server and also makes the original IP
  address available through the http headers. These
  are generally used for their ability to cache
  websites and do not effectively provide any
  anonymity to those who use them. However, the use
  of a transparent proxy will get you around simple
  IP bans. They are transparent in the terms that
  your IP address is exposed, not transparent in
  the terms that you do not know that you are using
  it

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Anonymous Proxy

• This type of proxy server indentifies itself as a
  proxy server, but does not make the original IP
  address available. This type of proxy server is
  detectable, but provides reasonable anonymity for
  most users.

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Distorting Proxy

• This type of proxy server identifies itself as a
  proxy server, but make an incorrect original IP
  address available through the http headers.

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High Anonymity Proxy

• This type of proxy server does not identify
  itself as a proxy server and does not make
  available the original IP address.

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Web proxies

• A common proxy application is a caching Web
  proxy. This provides a nearby cache of Web pages
  and files available on remote Web servers,
  allowing local network clients to access them
  more quickly or reliably.

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• When it receives a request for a Web resource
  (specified by a URL), a caching proxy looks for
  the resulting URL in its local cache. If found,
  it returns the document immediately. Otherwise it
  fetches it from the remote server, returns it to
  the requester and saves a copy in the cache. The
  cache usually uses an expiry algorithm to remove
  documents from the cache, according to their age,
  size, and access history. Two simple cache
  algorithms are Least Recently Used (LRU) and
  Least Frequently Used (LFU). LRU removes the
  least-recently used documents, and LFU removes
  the least-frequently used documents.

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• Web proxies can also filter the content of Web
  pages served. Some censorware applications -
  which attempt to block offensive Web content -
  are implemented as Web proxies. Other web proxies
  reformat web pages for a specific purpose or
  audience for example, Skweezer reformats web
  pages for cell phones and PDAs. Network operators
  can also deploy proxies to intercept computer
  viruses and other hostile content served from
  remote Web pages.

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