GAS TO LIQUIDS TECHNOLOGY

1
GAS TO LIQUIDS TECHNOLOGY

• NHÓM 3
• NGUY?N NG?C LIÊM 60501439
• CAO TRUNG TÍN 60502945
• HOÀNG Ð?C THÀNH 60502593

2
N?I DUNG CHÍNH

• GI?I THI?U CHUNG
• QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS
• ( CO H2 )
• QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH
• ?NG D?NG

3
GTL process using the Fischer Tropsch method
4

• GTL process using the Fischer Tropsch method

5
GI?I THI?U CHUNG

• Gas to liquids(GTL) is a refinery process to
  convert natural gas or other gaseous hydrocacbons
  into longer-chain hydrocarbons such as gasoline
  or diesel fuel
• Methane-rich gases are converted into liquid
  fuels either via direct conversion or via syngas
  as an intermediate

6
GI?I THI?U CHUNG

• Chuy?n hoá các khí than u?t (CO và H2) và khí t?
  nhiên thành nhiên li?u l?ng có hi?u qu? kinh t?
  luôn là v?n d? th?i s? và cung là ?p ? sáng t?o
  c?a bi?t bao th? h? nhà bác h?c, nhà phát minh và
  các công ty ngay t? d?u th? k? 20
• L?n d?u tiên vào nam 1902, hai nhà khoa h?c
  Sabatier và Senderens công b? phuong pháp chuy?n
  hoá CO và H2 thành metan. Hon hai ch?c nam sau
  Fischer và Tropsch dã phát tri?n m?t lo?i xúc tác
  d?a trên co s? niken và coban d? t?ng h?p
  hydrocacbon n?ng (m?ch dài) t? CO và H2

7
GI?I THI?U CHUNG

• Ngày nay con du?ng d?y chông gai kia dã di
  d?n dâu
• ????????

8
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS

• 1. KHÁI NI?M CHUNG
• Syngas (from synthesis gas) is the name given to
  a gas mixture that contains varying amounts of
  cacbon monoxide and hydrogen
• Syngas is also used as an intermediate in
  producing synthetic petroleum for use as a fuel
  or lubricant via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and
  previously the Mobil methanol to gasoline process.

9
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS

• KHÍ T?NG H?P (SYNTHETIC GAS)
• M?T S?N PH?M TRUNG GIAN
• QUAN TR?NG

10
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS

• 2. CÁC PHUONG PHÁP T?NG H?P
• STEAM REFORMING
• KHÍ HÓA THAN
• OXY HÓA KHÔNG HOÀN TOÀN
• ÐI T? BIOMASS

11
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS
12
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS

• A. STEAM REFORMING
• When used as an intermediate in the large-scale,
  industrial synthesis of hydrogen (principally
  used in the production of ammonia), it is also
  produced from natural gas (via the steam
  reforming reaction)

13
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS
14
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS
15
QUÁ TRÌNH T?NG H?P SYNGAS

• B. KHÍ HÓA THAN
• Syngas for use as a fuel is most often produced
  by gasification of coal mainly by the following
  paths
• C H2O ? CO H2

16
(No Transcript)
17
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH

• Introduction
• The Fischer-Tropsch process (or Fischer-Tropsch
  Synthesis) is a catalyzed chemical reaction in
  which synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of carbon
  monoxide and hydrogen, is converted into liquid
  hydrocarbons of various forms
• The principal purpose of this process is to
  produce a synthetic petroleum substitute,
  typically from coal, natural gas or biomass, for
  use as synthetic lubrication oil or as synthetic
  fuel

18
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH
23
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH

• Process chemistry
• The Fischer-Tropsch process involves a variety of
  competing chemical reactions, which lead to a
  series of desirable products and undesirable
  byproducts. The most important reactions are
  those resulting in the formation of alkanes.

24
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH

• These can be described by chemical equations of
  the form

25
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH

• Process conditions
• The Fischer-Tropsch process is operated in the
  temperature range of 150-300C (302-572F)
• Higher temperatures lead to faster reactions and
  higher conversion rates, but also tend to favor
  methane production.

26
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH

• Process conditions
• Increasing the pressure leads to higher
  conversion rates and also favors formation of
  long-chained alkanes both of which are desirable.
• Typical pressures are in the range of one to
  several tens of atmospheres

27
QUÁ TRÌNH FISCHER TROPSCH

• Các phuong pháp di?u ch?nh t? l? H2/CO
• WGSR (Water Gas Shift Reaction)
• Thêm CO2 gi?m lu?ng H2
• K?t h?p autothermal reforming và steam reforming

28
WATER GAS SHIFT REACTION (WGSR)

• The water-gas shift reaction is a chemical
  reaction in which carbon monoxide reacts with
  water to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen
• CO H2O ? CO2 H2

29
WATER GAS SHIFT REACTION (WGSR)

• This reaction has been used as a CO removal
  method from the reformate for fuel cell
  applications
• The reaction is slightly exothermic, yielding 42
  kJ (10 kcal) per mole.

30
WATER GAS SHIFT REACTION (WGSR)

• The process is often used in two stages, stage
  one a high temperature shift (HTS) at 350 C (662
  F) and stage two a low temperature shift (LTS)
  at 190-210 C (374-410 F)
• Standard industrial catalysts for this process
  are iron oxide promoted with chromium oxide for
  the HTS step and Cu on a mixed support composed
  of ZnO and Al2O3 for the LTS shift step

31
THÊM CO2 GI?M H2

• CO2 H2 ? CO H2O

32
K?T H?P
33
(No Transcript)
34
?NG D?NG
35
?NG D?NG

• Cracking/Hydrocracking các hydrocacbon m?ch dài
  t?o thành các phân do?n s?n ph?m
• LPG
• Kerosene
• Gas oil
• Naphtha

36
UU ÐI?M

• GTL fuel has lower emissions than both LPG and CNG

37
UU ÐI?M

• Diesel blended with GTL fuel produces less carbon
  monoxide and fewer unburnt hydrocarbons and
  exhaust particles.