Review

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Review
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Review

• Now that you have reviewed the cycle listen to
  track 2 El Gustito. When you have completed
  listening to track 2 listen to track 10 (El
  Gustito)
• How are these two different
• Do you hear reinterpretation of tradition or
  innovation?

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José Pablo Moncayo

• Jose Pablo Moncayo (1912-1958) was a composer in
  Mexico.
• He attended the Mexico City conservatory and
  Conducted the National Symphony Orchestra of
  Mexico City

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Review

• Remember the cycle of tradition from the
  beginning of the lessons?
• The tradition was the early Spanish dance.
• The tradition was reinterpreted with native
  rhythms
• Moncayo innovated the traditional Huapango by
  making use of it in serious art music.Many call
  this a new style Latin American Classical Music

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Huapango by José Pablo Moncayo

• José Pablo Moncayo wrote Huapango in 1941, it his
  most often performed work
• Huapango incorporates the folk elements of the
  traditional dance especially the jarocho sones,
  El Siquisirí, El Balahú, and El Gavilán.
• Listen now to tracks 4 and 5, El Siquisiri and El
  Balaju

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Huapango by José Pablo Moncayo

• Now listen to Huapango (TRACK 6)
• Listen for the 2 against 3 pattern and cross
  rhythms
• Listen for the Jarocho songs and for pieces of
  the Festive Huapango that you heard on marimba

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José Pablo Moncayo
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Review
Cycle of Musical Styles
This is how a new style is born Keep this in mind
as you listen and read
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Review

• Think about the cycle and how the traditional
  Spanish and indigenous forms fused to make a new
  style Classical Latin Music.
• Now listen to the Huapango de Moncayo (track7)
  This is a vocal jazz reinterpretation of
  Moncayos Huapango.

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Review

• Where do you think this piece is on the cycle of
  musical styles?

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Malambo

• was born in the Pampas around the1600.
  Malambo is a peculiar native dance that is
  executed by men only. Its music has no lyrics and
  it is based entirely on rhythm. The malambo
  dancer is a master of tap dancing wearing
  gaucho's boots. Among the most important malambo
  moves are " la cepillada" (the foot sole brushes
  the ground), "el repique" (a strike to the floor
  using the back part
• of the boot) and the " floreos". Malambo
  dancers' feet barely touch the ground but all
  moves are energetic and complex.

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The Pampas Region
Find the Pampas Region on the Map
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Malambo

• Together with
• tap dancing, malambo dancers use "
  boleadoras" and other aids such as "lazos". Like
  improv singing, malambo was the competition
  among gaucho dancers.

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More about the dance

• Malambo is a male dance. During the 19th century
  malambo was the battle ground for gauchos to
  prove their dance prowess and vigor. Pit fires,
  local parties and 'payadas' were all good excuses
  for dancers to show off. Top dancers gained
  recognition due to the difficulty of their dance
  movements.The dance itself is characterized by
  one dancer performing a series of foot movements
  in a very small area. These steps are performed
  with background music, usually a guitar and a
  drum, and the music takes no precedence to the
  dance. Truly, many malambo dancers are up to the
  par to classic ballet dancers when it comes to
  rhythm, prowess, agility and speed.In a small
  town in Cordoba called Laborde, every year
  malambo dancers from all over Argentina gather
  together to celebrate the 'National Festival of
  Malambo'. This has been going on for the last 38
  years.

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even more about the dance

• Throughout the history of dancing there are two
  traditional elements always present clapping of
  palms and tapping of feet. Before musical
  instruments were developed it was our own hand
  and feet that were performing sounds and rhythm
  that put together, lead to music. Among Incas,
  tap dancing and feet dancing was very common,many
  other natives performed similar dances.Everywhere
  in Latin America feet dancing spread and took
  shape according to local idiosyncrasies. The
  surrounding environment shapes the different
  dances but they all resemble current malambo in
  one way or another.No one knows with certainty
  the reasons why malambo became so popular
  although many argue that solitude in the vast
  lands of the pampas, isolation and the need for
  self expression played a crucial role, almost
  like a survival need a and a connection to other
  realms beyond the material world.

Flag of Argentina
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Listen to track 8 Malambo de los Llanos While
viewing the photos of Las Pampas
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Las Pampas
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Las Pampas
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Las Pampas and gaucho riding
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The Gaucho Tradition

• Just as the indigenous traditions of Mexico
  influences Moncayo the strong Gaucho or Cowboy
  tradition of Argentina influenced Alberto
  Ginastera

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Alberto Ginastera

• The Argentinean composer Alberto Ginastera
  (1916-1983) is widely regarded as one of the most
  important and original South American composer of
  the 20th century. His attractive output for piano
  skillfully combines folk Argentine rhythms and
  colors with modern composing techniques.
  Exhilarating rhythmic energy, captivating
  lyricism and hallucinatory atmosphere are some of
  the characteristics of his musical style.

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Estancia by Alberto Ginastera

• Estancia is a one Act Ballet Suite by Ginastera,
  it was written in 1941.
• An estancia is a Spanish word for ranch.

An estancia
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Estancia by Alberto Ginastera

• Estancia is a dramatic work using music and dance
  to tell a story
• The story uses the gaucho literary and dance
  traditions, portraying through the music and
  dance the "day-in-the-life" of an Argentinean
  ranch

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Malambo from Estancia

• At the concert you will hear Malambo from
  Estancia
• The is the fast cowboy dance that is based on the
  swift tapping of the gauchos boots.

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Malambo from Estancia

• The Malambo -final dance of the Ballet is
  vigorous . There is much jumping by the dancers.
  In the ballet's final scenes the young boy from
  the city wins malambo competition to prove his
  worth in the eyes of his beloved.

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Now listen to Malambo from Estancia by Ginastera
Alberto Ginastera
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Mosaico Mexicano by Arturo Rodriquez
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You will also hear Mosaico Mexicano at the
concert.
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Mosaico Mexicano

• Was composed by Arturo Rodriguez he lives in New
  York city but is from Monterrey, Mexico
• Mosaico Mexicano is also a Huapango!

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Serenata Espanola

• We would not be able to listen to the music of
  Moncayo, Ginastera or Rodriguez if it were not
  for the great traditions of western composers.
• One of those important composers is Isaac Albeniz
  from Spain. You will hear Serenata Espanola or
  Spanish Serenade

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Summary

• What makes music Latin? The rhythm and the
  instrumentation. Latin music in the classical
  style always has a larger percussion section and
  most Mexican pieces use harp.
• Rhythm- remember the complexity of Latin rhythm,
  2 against 3, cross rhythms, and the changing
  length of the beat like in Bernsteins America
  from West Side Story

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Thank you!

• Remember that our journey
• began with the artistic sculpture
• of the Mayans and that this
• music is the result of the mixture
• of two great civilizations- the
• western European and the Native.
• I look forward to seeing all of you at the
  concert!
• -Javier José Mendoza
• Music Director and Conductor

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