Drugs for diarrhea & constipation

1
Drugs for diarrhea constipation
2
Diarrhea

• Causes of diarrhea
• Nonpharmacologic measures
• Travelers diarrhea
• Frequent cause Escherichia coli
• Preventive measures

3
Antidiarrheals

• Purpose of antidiarrheals
• Types of antidiarrheals
• Opiates and opiate-related agents
• Diphenoxylate with atropine
• Somatostatin analog, octreotide (Sandostatin) for
  severe diarrhea
• Adsorbents Kaopectate
• Antidiarrheal combinations

4
Constipation

• Causes
• Nonpharmacologic measures
• Laxatives
• Laxatives vs. cathartics vs. purgatives
• Types of laxatives
• Osmotic (saline)
• Stimulant (contact)
• Bulk-forming
• Emollient (stool softeners)

5
Osmotic (Saline) Laxatives

• Types and action
• Side effect electrolyte imbalances, hypotension,
  weakness, etc.
• Stimulants ( contact) laxatives
• Types and action
• Side effects abdominal cramps, electrolyte
  imbalances

6
Bulk-Forming Laxatives

• Type and action
• Administration of bulk-forming laxatives
• Adverse effects intestinal obstruction without
  sufficient amount of water
• Stool softeners
• Types and action

7
Bulk-Forming Laxatives (contd)

• Contraindications
• Inflammatory disorders of the GI tract
• Appendicitis
• Diverticulitis
• Ulcerative colitis
• Spastic colon
• Bowel obstruction
• Pregnancy