Emergent Leadership

1
Emergent Leadership

• Leaders which arise from the group and have their
  base of power from followers rather than a higher
  authority. Example elected leaders
• Idiosyncrasy credits -- The freedom to violate
  group norms given to members who have contributed
  much to the group

2
Participative Leadership

• Involving subordinates in making work-related
  decisions
• Advantages Motivation, Quality, Acceptance
• Disadvantages .Time and effort, Loss of power,
  Lack of knowledge or interest

3
Transformational Leadership

• Leadership, which provides followers with a
  vision that instills commitment
• Characteristics of transformational leadership
• Individualized consideration
• Intellectual stimulation
• Charisma

4
The Charismatic Leader

• Traits include self-confidence, dominance, and a
  strong conviction in ones beliefs
• They simultaneously hold high expectations and
  confidence in the abilities of their followers

5
Stages of Charismatic Leadership

• Leader carefully assesses the need for change
• Leader formulates a vision
• The leader gets the subordinates to carry out the
  mission by setting an example of self-sacrifice
  or expertise that inspires confidence and trust

6
Gender and Leadership Style

• Gender differences in leadership behavior --
  Different expectations are held for male and
  female leaders
• Gender difference in leadership style -- Women
  consistently are more participative in style or
  democratic than are men.

7
Reactions to Women as Leaders

• Men can get away with more assertiveness, and
  being direct than can women
• When women behaved in a directive way, they got
  more frowns and scowls, and negative headshakes
  than positive expressions. Men got more
  positives than negatives

8
Does Leadership Matter
Substitute or Neutralizer Person Production
Oriented Oriented Subordinate
Characteristics 1. Experience, ability,
training X (S) 2. Professional Orientation X
(S) X (S) 3. Indifference to rewards X (N) X
(N) Task Characteristics 1. Routine clear X
(S) 2. Provides own feedback X (S) 3.
Intrinsically satisfying X (S)
9
Does Leadership Matter?
Substitute or Neutralizer People Production
Oriented Oriented Organizational
Characteristic 1. Cohesive work group X
(S) X(S) 2. Low position power X(N) X (N) 3.
formalization X(S) 4. Inflexibility, rigid
work X (N) rules 5. Spatial distance
between X (N) X (N) leader and group