Module 5

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Module 5 The First Americans
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Listening
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Sitting Bull
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When I was a boy, the Sioux owned the world. The
sun rose and set on their land they sent te3n
thousand men to battle. Where are the warriors
today? Who slew them? Where are our lands? Who
owns them? Chief Sitting Bull
(1831-1890)
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SITTING BULL (18371890), was a beloved  medicine
man and chief of the  Sioux Indian Tribe.  Chief
Sitting Bull was born in about 1837 in what is
now North Dakota. He was the son of Sioux chief
Jumping Bull. He gained significant  influence
among the restless and dissatisfied young
Indians.
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During the Civil War he orchestrated raids on
white settlers in Iowa and Minnesota. Though he
had agreed to peace in 1866, from 1869 to 1876 he
frequently attacked whites that had encroached on
the traditional territories of the Sioux Nation.
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His refusal to return to the reservation in 1876
led to the campaign in which General George
Armstrong Custer, and his 7th Cavalry, were wiped
out at the Battle of Little Big Horn, also knows
as "Custer's Last Stand". 
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Fearing retribution for his participation in the
stunning victory of the Sioux Nation, and Allied
Indian tribes, Sitting Bull with a large band
moved into Canada. He returned to the US in 1881,
and after 1883 lived at the Standing Rock Agency.
In 1889 a treaty was made reducing Sioux
territory.
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Difficulties in the working of this, and
religious excitement in connection with the Ghost
Dance craze, led to an outbreak in 1890. Rumors
of a coming Indian Messiah who would defeat the
whites, and Indian dissatisfaction at the
disposition of their territory, created such
great turmoil in 18891890 that the US Army
decided to arrest Sitting Bull as a precaution.  
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Indian Affairs officials became concerned that
would give support to the movement and decided to
arrest him. Attempting to preempt the army, 43
Indian police tried to arrest him at his home on
December 15, 1890, at the Standing Rock Agency. 
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Sitting Bull did not try to resist, but some of
his followers came to his support. As Sitting
Bull came out of his house, a large group of
supporters had assembled. One of the men, Catch
the Bear, fired his gun. Sitting Bull was then
shot by the police, killing him.
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?),????????????? ??1831?3????????????????,???,????
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????,??????????????????,?????????????1881?7?20?,
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1 In which way did Sitting Bull increase the size
of Sioux land? By fighting other tribes. 2 Why do
you think the US army kept invading this
territory? To prevent the Sioux from taking too
much land.
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3 What did the peace treaty promise the
Sioux? That the Black Hills would remain the
Siouxs land forever. 4 How was this promise
broken, in the mid1870s? Prospectors came to
look for gold in large numbers.
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5 How did the Sioux react to the US governments
threat? They joined forces with the Cheyenne and
the Arapaho tribes. 6 What happened to General
Custers army at Little Bighorn in 1871? They
were killed.
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7 What eventually led to Sitting Bull and his
followers surrender? Famine. 8 What is the
reason some people give for Sitting Bulls
involvement with Buffalo Bills Wild West
show? To keep him away from the reservation where
he might have caused trouble.
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9 Why was Sitting Bull arrested in 1890? As a
precaution. 10 What event led to his death? His
rescue from prison.
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1 Sitting Bull was born in the Grand River region
of South Dakota. (a) area 2 The US army
continually invaded the Sioux territory. (g) land
that is owned or occupied
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3 Sitting Bull refused to sign the peace
treaty. (c) document of agreement 4 The discovery
of gold brought more than a thousand
prospectors. (h) people looking for (something)
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5 The government threatened the Sioux with an
order to return to their reservations. (j) warn
of negative consequences 6 They clashed with US
troops and forced them to retreat. (b) leave a
battle or a difficult situation
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7 Sitting Bull thought that the Sioux triumph at
this siege would mean the end of battles. (i)
victory, winning 8 Famine forced them to
surrender. (d) extreme shortage of food
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Discussion
1 What do you think the virtues of a strong
leader are? 2 In which way was Sitting Bull a
strong leader?
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Reading and Vocabulary(2)
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(No Transcript)
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Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
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• treasure porcelain oppose silk
• merchant conclude records

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Silk

• 1 ______ is a very fine fabrics that is produced
  by a small insect.
• 2 A(n) _________ is someone who buys and sells
  things, especially in other countries.

merchant
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• 3 _________ is a hard white material which is
  used to make cups, plates and bowls.
• 4 To ________ is to arrive at an opinion after
  looking at all the facts.

Porcelain
conclude
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• 5 _______ are written documents which keep
  information for the future.
• 6 ________ is valuable objects, metal and
  jewels.
• 7 If you _______ something, you do not approve
  of it and are against it.

Records
Treasure
oppose
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Fast reading
Read the passage and find the names of 1 a
writer 2 a leader of a country
3 a Chinese sailor 4 a European
explorer
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Gavin Menzies
Zhu Di
Zheng He
Vasco Da Gama
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Detailed reading
1 How do we know that someone used the Cape of
Good Hope as a sea route as early as
1459? Menzies was shown a map with date on it.
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2 What implications would that fact have, on the
assumption that Vasco da Gama was the first
person to use that route? Someone had been there
before him (he went in 1497).
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3 If Zheng He had made voyages to the
Americas,what explanation is there for the lack
of historical records to prove it? They were
destroyed.
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4 How do we know that not everyone was in favour
of Zheng Hes voyages? It is known that an
official called Liu Daxia opposed them.
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5 How does Menzies imply that the Chinese must
have drawn the first maps? Because there is a
drawing of a junk on the map he was shown.
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1 Find three words in the passage which have the
meaning boat (s). junk, ship, fleet of ships
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2 Find a word which has the opposite meaning to
native. foreigner 3 Which two expressions tell US
that we are not sure but that something is
likely? may have been, it is believed
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BYE-BYE!