Human-Environment Relationships

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HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
Can nature and humans get along?
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World Geography 8B

• Compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and
  modify the physical environment using local,
  state, national, and international human
  activities in a variety of contexts

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What is the physical environment?
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The physical environment is

• topography how high the land reaches above sea
  level.
• plains, hills, plateaus, and mountains

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It also includes
WATER.
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Water is an important part of the physical
environment for many reasons.
Fresh water from rain, snow, and rivers provides
moisture for plants and animals.
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• Water changes the temperature of the lands near
  it.
• Oceans and other large bodies of water change
  temperature more slowly than air does.
• This keeps the lands near seas, bays, gulfs, and
  oceans from having extreme temperature changes
  from season to season.

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The temperatures of ocean currents also change
the lands near them because
cold currents make it harder for the sun to heat
up the water to make rain cloudswhich can create
dry lands and even deserts near oceans!
explore-africa.de/.../ desert_meets_atlantic_th.jp
g
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The physical environment is also
CLIMATE the average temperature and amount of
precipitation over time. Precipitation can be
warm (fog or rain) and cold (snow, sleet, or
ice.)
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LATITUDE affects ....climate the farther from
the equator you travel north or south the
COLDER it gets.
crustal.ucsb.edu/ibrewer/ greenland.gif
personal.inet.fi/clan/olm/ xposure/gal/036.htm
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The physical environment is even
biomes the plants and animals that live in
certain climates and topography.
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Desert biomes have plants and animals that can
survive on very little water.
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Forest biomes get a lot of water and can provide
enough foods for many very different kinds of
plants and animals.
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Highland and alpine biomes are high above sea
level so only plants and animals that can survive
in cooler temperatures and rough mountainous
lands are able to live there.
nwf.org/enviroaction/ images/072002/alpine.jpg
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The physical environment also includes
The physical environment includes
where natural resources are located.
Natural resources
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What are natural resources?
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Some natural resources are renewable like
forestry, fishing, water, and wind. Used
carefully, these resources will be in steady
supply.
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Other natural resources are nonrenewable metals
like gold, silver, and aluminum and fossil
fuels like coal, natural gas, and oil. When
these resources are used up, they are gone for
good.
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Natural resources are UNEVENLY distributed
around the earth!
architecture.mit.edu/carlo/ wind20farm.jpg
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How does the physical environment affect the way
people live?
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People need water to live, so.
rain.atmos.colostate.edu/ images/rain.jpg
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People live on the coasts of continents and
islands,
northshorehandball.freeservers.com/
images/sydney.gif
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People live along rivers,
colostate.edu/Orgs/ESA/ gallary/large/cairo.jpg
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And generally, people live where there is plenty
of rainfall during the year.
tomsimpson.org/mt/archives/ images/thunderstorm.jp
g
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What else affects where people live?
globalclassroom.org/ favelas.jpg
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People need food to eat so
msu.edu/mandrews/seasia/fruit20at20market20in
20Thai.jpg
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People live where soil is
fertile and easy to plow.
gfb.org/legis/ farmland.jpg
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People need to trade for things they dont have
but need or want, so
home.earthlink.net/gpancerev/vac/floating.jpg
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People live along transportation routes like
railroads
whyy.org/tv12/franklinfacts/ dec1801_4.jpg
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along major roads like interstates and highways
web2.iadfw.net/danb1/MILEMAP7.gif
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And near deep-water ports where large ships can
bring trade goods.
kasbah.com/images/guides/usa/usa-california-san-fr
ancisco-bay-bridge-night-01.jpg
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People live near natural resources
nps.gov/bith/ Spindletop_1903.gif
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And near places that can easily get raw materials
to use for industrylike this automobile
manufacturing plant.
plastics-technology.com/projects/sterling/images/6
_ford_rouge_plant_detroit.jpg
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People live in temperate climatesif they can!
content.onlineagency.com/sites/78/images/santorini
.jpg
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Most temperate climates have a range of seasons,
which makes for easier farming movement of
people and goods
netaxs.com/mhmyers/cdjpgs/seasons.jpg
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Most people do NOT live in deserts, mountains,
rain forests, very cold lands.
nwhiker.com/jpgimages/AFRICAnight.jpg
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Places like these make it hard to find water,
grow food, and move people and goods from place
to place.
schussman.com/pics/sonora-pass-grade.jpg
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There are not enough resources to support many
people...
uni-magdeburg.de/abp/pics/atacama.jpg
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BUT people do live on every continenteven in
locations that dont have much water or fertile
soil or temperate climates!
youthfluence.com/learning/aboriginal20guide/4_16.
htm
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How do people adapt to living in very different
locations?
billbachmann.com/australia/outback.jpg
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People build for different climateslike onion
domes so snow will slide off stilts in places
that flood.
msen.com/brianhef/mexico/STILTS.JPG
alumni.tulane.edu/travel/russia.JPG
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People build homes out of available materials
like adobe in places with little wood.
jqjacobs.net/andes/images/adobe.jpg
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People who need to travel with grazing animals
make homes that can move, like this yurt
niksula.cs.hut.fi/reunanen/transsib/pics/mongolia
/yurt.jpg
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People try to build structures safe enough for
natural disasters like earthquakes
seismo-watch.com/EQNEWS/EQNewsArchive/2002/images.
03/020622.Iran.lg.jpg
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tornadoes
photolib.noaa.gov/historic/nws/images/wea00577.jpg
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and monsoons and hurricanes.
usatoday.com/weather/gallery/hurricane/andrew-dama
ge-2.jpg
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People eat animals and plants that grow where
they live.like seafood on islands and along
coasts...
landesmuseum.de/presseservice/download/2003/japan/
sushi.jpg
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oznet.ksu.edu/edtech/images/jpglbry/Research/Agron
omy/Corn/corn.jpg
and grains that first grew naturally where they
live.
filipinolinks.com/gallery/albums/potluck/rice.jpg
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People learn to grow food wherever they caneven
on the sides of mountains and hills.
fao.org/ag/AGS/agse/chapterPS1/17345.jpg
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Sometimes the most fertile soil is caused by
volcanic ashwhich makes farming easy but
dangerous.
galen-frysinger.com/caribbean/montserrat04.jpg
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People learn that different climates need
different types of clothes.
home.earthlink.net/cleita/images/Syria/bedouin.jp
g
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Clothing is often made from whats available,
like this sealskin jacket...
pawprince.com/baftemp/images/100-sealskin.jpg
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And from plant fibers that grow naturally in hot
placeslike this Indian cotton.
nri.org/images/sacotton.jpg
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People first used native animals to help them
with worklike this llama in South America.
raingod.com/angus/Gallery/Photos/SouthAmerica/Peru
/IncaTrail/images/Llama.jpg
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In places too dry to farm, people often herd
animals, like cows, sheep, or goats.
burntwellguestranch.com/images/herd_cattle.jpg
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People use the natural resources in the lands
where they live.
howard.k12.sd.us/renewable_energy/fossil/Group201
120Fossil_files/coal20mine.jpg
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How do humans change the earth?
10.brinkster.com/cpaulwilson/worldtour/images/hong
-kong.jpg
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People change the landscape as population
growsmore housing takes away natural
environments for plants animals.
donnamarxer.com/concrete.jpg
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More people move in and near cities, using up
additional energy natural
resources.
hasekamp.net/thailand/thailand1.jpg
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Building the Galveston Seawall after the 1900
Hurricane
People change the land to prevent or reduce the
damage from natural disasters...
gthcenter.org/exhibits/seawall/Concrete/images/G-5
925.2FF3-2.jpeg
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and to control unpredictable rivers by creating
dams and artificial lakes.
shieldsaroundtheworld.com/origs/P0001258.jpg
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People change the landscape by bringing new foods
from other landslike potatoes from South America
to places like Russia Ireland...
writerguy.com/deb/recipes/recipe20jpegs/potatoes.
jpg
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and coffee plants from Africa to the Middle East
and the Americas.
aloha.net/konabnb/images/coffee-a.jpg
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Sometimes people introduce new animals to places
on purposelike camels to Australia...
moxon.net/images/australia/nullarbor_desert2.jpg
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and horses to North and South America.
jandanaranch.com/horse20herd.gif
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Sometimes new animals plants have unexpected
consequences - like these brown snakes in Guam
that have eaten all of the native birds on the
island...
fort.usgs.gov/resources/education/bts/images/from_
Tom/results.jpg
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or the dogs (dingoes) of Australia brought in to
get rid of too many European rabbits but which
are now killing cows and sheep instead.
lemis.com/grog/Images/dog-fence.big.jpeg
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In what other ways do humans change the physical
environment?
Irrigated Circle Fields
food.oregonstate.edu/images/water/circle_irrigatio
n.jpg
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Farmers change the physical landscape using
pesticides irrigation...
continentalweather.com/CropDusting1-BPSPP.jpg
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by introducing new crops and new varieties of
crops to other places
esri.com/industries/agriculture/graphics/wheat_fie
ld.jpg
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and by trying to farm arid (dry) lands, which
can cause desertification the growth of deserts.
gtz.de/lamin/fotos/desertification.jpg
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Slash burn farming and logging also change the
physical landscape this is called
DEFORESTATION, and it is shrinking the size of
rain forests and other types of forests around
the world.
acnatsci.org/education/L2L/slashbrn.jpg
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In what other ways have humans changed the
physical landscape?
Whaling put many species of whales on the
endangered species list.
nefsc.noaa.gov/faq/images/32050032.jpg
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Advances in technology have led to over-fishing
some species like cod.
yptenc.org.uk/docs/factsheets/env_facts/env_images
/holyisland_port.jpg
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dangabbard.com/pics/yellowstone/buffalo.jpg
montanamarchile.com/images_/gallery/flora-fauna/se
al.jpg
and hunting has endangered other species
pantransit.reptiles.org/images/1998-03-02/turtle4.
jpg
cnn.com/EARTH/9710/02/kenya.ivory.ap/ivory.elephan
t.jpg
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Industrialization has also changed the planet.
pbs.org/perilousfight/_images/videos/industrializa
tion.jpg
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Humans use cars and work in factories that
produce smoke and other gases, creatingSMOG.
static.howstuffworks.com/gif/ozone-pollution-smog.
jpg
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hc-sc.gc.ca/hecs-sesc/air_quality/images/acidrain_
032.gif
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Acid rain from cars and factories affects cities
and people and it especially hurts plants and
animals even hundreds of miles away!
wwf.it/summit/images/19061_germany20Acid20rain.j
pg
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Chemical and oil spills poison water supplies and
plant animal biomes.
pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/global/images/photo9.
jpg
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Chemicals in the air may be causing a hole in
the ozone layer over the earth a layer that
protects us from the suns more harmful rays.
gsfc.nasa.gov/gsfc/earth/pictures/20020926ozonehol
e/ozonecomparem.jpg
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Do humans do anything GOOD for the physical
landscape?
pointoflightphoto.com/images/WEBPICTURES/yosmite.j
pg
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They try to preserve natural undeveloped lands in
some places
oberoi-net.com/grafik/jasper.jpg
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maintaining biomes for plants and animals.
naturalist.co.uk/photos/falls.jpg
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And biodiversitythe many different species of
plants and animals around the world
un.org/av/radio/portuguese/photos/biodiversity.jpg
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Humans also pass laws
to protect the physical environment
cleanwater.gov/icons/agencies/epa.gif
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With international treaties like the Law of the
Sea
zebu.uoregon.edu/images/ocean.gif
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climate change, air pollution, and protecting
the ozone layer.
members.rogers.com/intothefuture/earth20from20sp
ace.jpg
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HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION Humans change
nature, and nature changes the ways humans live.
usatoday.com/weather/gallery/hurricane/ts-allison-
flooding-1a.jpg
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Time for a question
lokpriya.com/india/images/landpeople.gif
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Look at the physical map of India and Indias
population density (how many people live in
certain parts of the country.)
coa.edu/gislab/gallery_img/international/India_atl
as/pop_density_medres.jpg
welcometoindia.com/facts/indexfrm.asp?maps.asp?Phy
sical
92
Which pattern is best supported by the two maps?
a. People tend to live near deserts and large
mountain ranges.
welcometoindia.com/facts/indexfrm.asp?maps.asp?Phy
sical
b. People tend to live at lower elevations on
plains and the coasts.
c. People tend to live near plateaus with rich
soil to farm.
d. People tend to live near the warmer climate
of southern India.
coa.edu/gislab/gallery_img/international/India_atl
as/pop_density_medres.jpg
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Which pattern is best supported by the two maps?
a. Incorrect. Very few people live near deserts
and large mountain ranges, although the physical
map does show these features.
b. Correct. People tend to live at lower
elevations on plains and the coasts, and the
physical map shows elevation.
welcometoindia.com/facts/indexfrm.asp?maps.asp?Phy
sical
c. Incorrect. People tend to live near rich
soil to farm wherever it is located neither map
shows kinds of soils.
d. Incorrect. People tend to live in warmer
climates, but neither map shows temperatures.
coa.edu/gislab/gallery_img/international/India_atl
as/pop_density_medres.jpg
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Congratulations! You have completed the tutorial
on Human-Environment Interaction. Youll do well
on these TAKS questions in April.
Please answer the last questions on your handout.
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This tutorial on Human-Environment Interaction
was created by Laura Frahlman, a geography
teacher at Cypress Springs High School. It is
the property of Cypress-Fairbanks I.S.D.