Translation Studies

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Translation Studies

• Alberto Luís González García
• Roberto Gallo Soljancic
• José Javier López Ramón

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Outline

• Introduction
• Translation definition.
• Translation vs. Interpretation.
• The role of translator skills.
• Translation Process specifically the different
  stages carried out when translating. (According
  to García Yebra).
• Comprehension stage
• Expression stage
• Type of translation
• Direct vs. inverse Translation.
• Specialized vs. Non-specialized Translation.

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Outline (II)

• Translation techniques (According to Vinay and
  Darbelnet) Morphosyntactic Level
• Loan word
• Calque
• Literal Translation
• Transposition
• Equivalence
• Adaptation
• Modulation
• Semantic Level
• Expansion
• Reduction
• Compensation
• Translation as a tool in SLT/ SLL.

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Introduction

• Definition of Translation
• Munday the process of turning an original or
  "source" text into a text in another language.
• Translation vs. Interpretation
• Translation ---gt written texts
• Interpretation ---gt uses oral channel

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• 1.3 The role of a translator skills
• What do you need to become a good translator?
• 1. Complete knowledge of both source and target
  speech.
• 2. Write appropiately in both source and target
  language.
• 3. Ability to have language intuition to grasp
  various expressions, idioms and specific
  vocabulary and their uses
• 4. Be aware of the cultural divergence and
  diverse strategies in the source and target
  verbal communication
• 5. Be aware of diverse registers, styles of
  speaking, and social stratification of both
  source and target language.
• 6. You have to be provided with encyclopedias and
  bilingual dictionaries in a specific context
• 7. You have to take control of the different kind
  of speeches in both source and target language.

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Translation Process

• Garcia Yebra
• Two stages
• Comprehension stage The translator decodes the
  sense of the source text into an activity called
  semasiology.
• Expression stage recodes the sense of the text
  in the target language.

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Type of translation

• Direct vs. indirect Translation
• Direct Translating from a foreign language into
  your mother tongue. Example a Spanish translator
  who translates from English into Spanish.
• Indirect Translating from your mother tongue
  into a foreign one. Example a Spanish translator
  who translate from Spanish into English.

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Type of translation

• Specialized vs. Non-specialized Translation.
• Specialized The translator requires an excellent
  quality and precision into an area of knowledge.
  Examples medical translation legal translation.
• Non-specialized It is not required a great
  knowledge in the area to translate.

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Translation techniquesThe explanation of each
procedure, according to Vinay and Darbelnet

• Two levels Morphosyntax level and Semantic
  level.
• Morphosyntax level techniques
• -Loan Word A word taken from a language without
  translating it Coyote (from Spanish), Pizza
  (from Italian)
• -Calque A class of loan where syntax is taken
  from source language and translated literally.
  English week-end Spanish fin de semana.
  English science-fiction. Spanish
  ciencia-ficción. Sangre azul ? Blue-blood
• -Literal Translation translating word by word
  from source to target language, respecting the
  collocations of the target language. English You
  are rich. Spanish Tú eres rico.

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Translation techniques (II)

• Transposition Translating one part of the speech
  to other one, without changing the sense of the
  message. English out of order. Spanish no
  funciona. Le gusta nadar ? She likes swimming.
• Modulation Variation of the message, through a
  change in the point of view. English Puzzle.
  Spanish Rompecabezas. You can have it ? Te lo
  dejo.

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Translation techniques (III)

• Equivalence Transmiting the same situation by
  using different stylistic and structural
  resources. English no right of way. Spanish
  prohibido el paso. The Sound of Music ? Sonrisas
  y Lágrimas.
• Adaptation Cultural equivalence. E.G.French
  talking about Belgian jokes ? English talking
  about Irish jokes.

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Translation techniques (IV)

• Semantic Level
• Expansion needed amplification for structural
  reasons. Example in Spanish is needed to specify
  the gender.
• Reduction the same as expansion, but it is
  needed a reduction.
• Compensation combination of the other two
  techniques. Tu/Usted (Sp.) ? You (Eng.)

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Translation as a tool for SLT/SLL

• SLL is the process by which people learn a second
  language.
• Translation is teached as a separated skill from
  L2 acquisition, as first, you have to master L2
  to be a good translator.

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Conclussion

• Remind some especifit terms
• Difference between translation and interpretation
• Different kind of translation
• Loan words
• Calque
• Etc.
• Specific vs non-specific translation

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• Thank you very much for your attention!

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References

• www.translationcentral.com/translation_vs_interpre
  tation.php
• http//ezinearticles.com/?What-Skills-Are-Required
  -To-Be-A-Good-Translator?id911804
• http//www.ruf.rice.edu/kemmer/Words/loanwords.ht
  ml
• http//www.translationschools.org/translation/spec
  ialized/
• López Guix, J.G. Wilkinson, J.M. (1997). Manual
  de traducción inglés-castellano. Teoría y
  práctica. Gedisa
• http//www.jstor.org/pss/392747
• http//people.umass.edu/bparient/Research/Complete
  Thesis-BeatrizParienteBeltran.pdf
• logos.uoregon.edu/research/second_language.shtml
• http//isg.urv.es/publicity/masters/sample/techniq
  ues.html
• en.wikipedia.org
• Stibbard, R. (1994). The Study of Translation in
  a Foreign Language Teaching. Perspectives
  Studies in Translatology.
• Cordero, A.D. (1984). The Role of Translation in
  Second Language Acquisition. The French Review,
  Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 350-355.