Pyrolytic Heat Recovery with Enhanced Gasification ... Fire

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Pyrolytic Heat Recovery with Enhanced Gasification

• Sustainable Value Recovery Solutions for Your
  Organic Waste

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Value Recovery Solutions for Organic Waste
Disposal

• Pyrolytic Gasification yields a high quality
  Synthesis Gas from Waste Materials such as
• Municipal Solid Waste (Landfill after resource
  recovery at 25 -150/ton)
• Biomass and Agricultural Wastes (Burn on Site
  emissions problems)
• Sewer Plant Sludge (Limited landfill availability
  - Landfill at 50 -150/ton)
• Medical Hospital Waste (Hazardous Landfill at
  250 - 500/ton)
• Refinery Oil Processing Wastes (Hazardous
  Landfill at 250- 1500/ton)
• Used Tires (Hazardous Landfill, Local Nuisance,
  Fire Danger equiv fuel to coal)
• Food, Beverage, Cosmetic Manufacturing Waste
  (Very High BOD to Sewer, Landfill Disposal at 25
  - 150/ton)
• Construction Demolition Wastes (Landfill after
  resource recovery at 25 - 150/ton)
• If it contains organicsits a fuel to us and a
  disposal problem solved for you !

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Why Pyrolysis ?

• Incineration inherently emits oxidized hazardous
  pollutants (NOx, SOx, ClOx, FlOx, dioxins,
  furans, aldehydes, ketones, others) promoted by
  direct combustion of waste material
• Pyrolysis in PHREG unit occurs in a reducing
  atmosphere.
• Hazardous components of off-gas are NH3, H2S,
  HCl, HF, HCN, amines, etc.
• easily and economically scrubbed with existing
  technology.
• Cleanup equipment capital costs are 20-40 less
  for PHREG than for incineration processes.
• PHREG process avoids conditions favorable to the
  production of dioxins via the deNovo synthesis
  reaction.
• Low nitrogen in Syngas Product reduces NOx
  formation tendencies during combustion. Air
  combustion of waste makes NOx formation a
  recurring problem for incinerators. Impossible
  to make a true low NOx solids burner.

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Why Pyrolysis ?

• Incineration is pretty much limited to Combined
  Cycle CoGen units. PHREG product gas can be used
  in a number of ways.
• Incinerators generate large amounts of ash
• difficult to handle
• typically must be treated and disposed of as a
  hazardous waste.
• Greater flue gas and ash cleanup
• Inherently higher cost of a steam power system
• net cost per ton of equivalent feed is 20-25
  greater than pyrolysis
• Grate efficiency of burn is at best 30 - more
  likely below 25.
• PHREG net efficiency is 22 of feed LHV
• capital cost 20 below that of Trash burn
  plant
• eliminates ash disposal headaches.

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PHREG PYRO GASIFICATION PROCESS DETAILS
Product Gas
Condensor
Clean Pyrogas
Organic Feed
Solutions for Scrubbing
Water Recycle
Acid Gas Absorber
Steam
Particulate Solids / Liquids Removal
Recycle Fuel
Aux. Boiler (Optional)
Scrubber Soln. Regeneration
Dirty Gas
Pyrolysis/ Gasification Reactor W/ Jacketing
Water
Scrubber Salt To Disposal
Burner (Typ. 4-8)
Fresh Fuel (As Needed)
Air
Slag Collection Disposal/Recycle
O2 (As Needed)
Oxygen Plant (Optional)
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Process UnitsIndividually Proven New
Application!

• Waste Receiving
• Sorting
• Surge Piles
• Waste Pre-Processing
• Feed Conveying
• PHREG Reactor
• Overhead Gas Cleaning Recovery
• SynGas product utilization

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Equipment Needed

• Receiving Pad
• Sorting Table
• Shredder
• Pan conveyors
• Airlock
• Solids/Droplets Removal
• Acid Gas Treatment
• Oxygen Supply
• Sulfur Recovery Unit
• tire / refinery waste disposal only

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Waste Sorting Conveying
One Suppliers solution for recycling and
destruction of solid wastes
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Shredder with Feed Conveyor
A commercially available unit for shredding tires
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Shredder Options
Other commercially available solutions
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Airlock Feeder
Commercially available from multiple
suppliers Dual Flap-valve construction is less
likely to experience damaged seals easier to
clean and repair than rotary valves
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PHREG REACTOR CONCEPT
Wet Feed Solids Hopper
Feed Flow Controller
CLOSE (OPEN)
Air Lock Feeder
OPEN (CLOSE)
Pyrogas Steam Vent
100- 120 C
Solids Drying Zone I
Liquid Organic Feed (optional)
Figure 2
Pyroliquids Draw (optional)
Pyroliquids Recycle(optional)
350- 400 C
Solids Pyrolysis Zone II
850- 900 C
Char Gasification Zone III
Air/O2/Steam To each burner
1200- 1600 C
Ash/Slag Liquefaction Zone IV
1700- 2000 C
Reactor Fuel
Slag/Glass recovery
Slag / Glass/ Metals Collection Pit
Insulation /or Jacketing
Metals recovery
Segmental Flange
Injector/Burner Ring
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PHREG Reactor

• Derived from Blast Furnace Technology
• more than 800 years of technological history!
• High Temp, Low Pressure, Cost Effective design
• Chemical Engineers call this a counter-current
  falling bed reactor
• Gas injection is through Tuyeres
• No elemental oxygen in contact with feed material
• Complete flow and temperature control of driver
  gas outside of reaction zone
• Slag collection is from the hearth
• No char handling !
• Air Separation Unit needed for max Syngas
  Production
• 95 purity membrane or PSA
• Use Natural gas to start, switch to completely
  autothermal recycle ops in minimal time
• Net SynGas product proportional to organic
  content in feed
• Cold Gas Efficiency of 75-80 on feed LHV

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Exhaust Gas Treatment

• Separate out dust and condensable mists
• Condenser
• Cyclone
• Scrubber
• Dryer / Desiccator
• Salt Recovery Removal
• Sulfur Recovery Unit
• tires/refinery waste only

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Dust / Mist CollectorsWet Scrubber useful for
Acid Gas removal as well
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SynGas UtilizationSeveral commercially viable
options available
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Whats Left to Dispose of ?Maybe Nothing
!!Scrubber Salts (which may be recyclable to
chemical manufacturer) 0.2-1.0 of original
feed wtNon-hazardous Vitreous slag ( which may
be used as construction fill or primary material
) 0.5-2.5 of original feed weightThe rest
is all revenue streams -
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1. Lowest capital, quickest implementation2.
Lots of equipment optimized for low-Btu gas
feed to GTG3. Net Feed Gas Efficiency of
33-454. Baseload operations with waste feed5.
Support peaker ops with supplemental import gas
for minimal extra (5-10) capital cost
SynGas Utilization Option 1Power from Gas
Turbine-Generator Set
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FEED LHV FEED RATE NET POWER
CAPITAL COST CAPITAL RECOVERY
REMARKS BTU/LB TONS/DAY GEN
MW APPROX MM APPROX YRS
4500 500
0 50
6 MSW
MINIMUM SELF SUSTAINING 8500
500 20
75
7 BASELOAD MSW
8500 2500 100
250
5 BASELOAD
MSW 12500 50
4 15
2
MED WASTE TYP 15000 100
11 28
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OLD TIRES TYP. 15000
500 55
85 5
OLD TIRES TYP. BASIS
GIVEN TONS/DAY OF TRASH _at_ LHV 7500 HRS/YR
UTILIZATION ANNUAL OP COSTS _at_ 10
OF CAPITAL BASELOAD POWER REVENUE
_at_ 200/MWH FEED TIPPING FEE AT
100 /TON MSW
AT 500 /TON MED WASTE
AT 100
/TON TIRES
SynGas Utilization Option 1Power from Gas
Turbine-Generator Set