Algae * Algae - what are they? _____ plants _____true roots

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Algae
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Algae - what are they?

• ________ plants
• _______true roots, only attachment structures
  (holdfasts)
• ______internal transport system
• produce _________ some _______!
• Most _________________sexual and asexual
  reproduction

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Algal Characteristics

• Vary in size from nanoplankton (lt _____µm) to
  Giant kelps (gt ___ m long)
• Contain different pigment colors
• __________________a, b or c and red, blue and
  brown photosynthetic _________________
• Require nutrients _________________

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Where do algae live?

• Marine habitats
• ___________________
• ___________________
• Freshwater habitats
• streams, rivers, lakes and ponds
• Terrestrial habitats
• stone walls, tree bark, leaves, in lichens

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Marine Biomes
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Freshwater habitats
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Terrestrial habitats
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Algae vs. real plants

• Similarities and differences
• most algae are photoautotrophic _______
• Photosynthesis __________
• Evolutionary background ___________
• Reproduction _______________
• No roots ____________
• Nutrient uptake over surface ___________

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Why are algae important?

• ______________ producers, basis of food webs
• __________production and carbon fixation in
  aquatic habitats
• _____________organisms in extreme habitats

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Unicellular algal groups

• Blue-green Algae cyano___________ is actually a
  prokaryote not an algae
• __________________
• ______________________

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Cyanobacteria bloom
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Hot springs
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• Diatoms
• Shells made out of __________
• Produce ____ of earths oxygen!!

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Dinoflagellates

• ________ algal blooms shellfish poisoning
• ___________ on fish and copepods
• __________ with sponges
• Bioluminescent Light from ___________ -COOL
  Fire Plants

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_____________ Algal Groups

• Green Algae
• Red Algae
• Brown Algae

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Green Algae

• gt_____ freshwater, some marine
• Called _____________ in ocean
• Lichens symbiosis of alga fungus
• exchange of nutrients between partners
• Green algae gave rise to ____________ LAND PLANTS

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Figure 6.11a
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Volvox colony
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Red Algae
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Red Algae

• About ______________species
• Mostly ____________ attached to rocks
• Very few in freshwater
• Some heterotrophic (no photosynthesis)

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Filamentous and crustose algae

• form _____ reefs
• ______ growing, tolerant of _____ light but
  sensitive to high light
• ______________resistance

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Brown AlgaeKelp Seaweed

• Holdfast - __________
• Stipe - ___________
• Blade - ____________
• Pnematocyst - _________
• Shelter and feeding ground for many species
  Like Nemo and Friends!
• Alternate generations between ________ and
  haploid plants

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Kelp
_________ marine algae
Grow very ______
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Economic importance of Brown Algae

• Gels used for capsules, ________, gels and
  industrial gums
• Contained in beer, __________, toothpaste, etc.

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Real Plants are not algae
Sea Grass is a ____ vascular plant. They have
true roots, stems and leaves that have _________
tissues What are vascular tissues?
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Figure 6.13e
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Vascular Plants
Cross-section of a plant stem1. Pith,2.
Protoxylem,3. Xylem4. Phloem5. Sclerenchyma6.
Cortex,7. Epidermis
Vascular plants are advanced and are ________
algae!
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What are vascular tissues?
Vascular tissue is a complex conducting
tissue. The primary components of vascular
tissue are the xylem and phloem. These two
tissues transport fluid and nutrients internally.
_________ mainly transports water from the
roots ____________mainly transports sugar made
by photosynthesis