SMART ANTENNA

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SMART ANTENNA
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HUMAN HEARING SYSTEM AN ANALOGY FOR SMART
ANTENNA
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DEFINITION

• A smart antenna system combines multiple antenna
  elements with a signal processing capability to
  optimize its radiation and/or reception pattern
  automatically in response to the signal
  environment.
• Beam the radio signal directly at a user to
  follow the user as they move.

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SDMA

• Space Division Multiple Access implies that more
  than one user can be allocated to the same
  physical communications channel simultaneously in
  the same cell, provided they are separated by an
  angle.
• In systems providing full SDMA, there will be
  much more intracell handovers and therefore more
  monitoring by the network is necessary.

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WHY SMART ANTENNA..?

• MULTI-PATH PROPAGATION
• Fading
• Different delays
• Inter Symbol Interference
• To reject or stimulate multipath components by
  changing the radiation patterns

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• CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE
• Interference from other directions than wanted
  user
• Increased noise level
• To suppress unwanted user by placing nulls in
  directions of unwanted signals
• To improve transmission quality and system
  capacity

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TYPES OF SMART ANTENNA

• Switched lobe or switched beam
• Simplest technique
• Basic switching function between separate
  directive antennas or predefined beams of an
  array
• The setting that gives the best performance,
  usually in terms of received power, is chosen

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• Dynamically phased array
• Generalization of the switched lobe concept
• Includes a direction of arrival (DoA) algorithm
  for the signal received from the user
• Continuous tracking can be achieved

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• Adaptive array
• DoA to determine the direction towards
  interferers is added
• Radiation pattern can then be adjusted to null
  out the interferers
• Maximize the signal to interference ratio by
  special algorithms space diversity techniques
  (receive multipath signals combine)

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How can an antenna be made more intelligent..?

• Modifying the physical design by adding more
  elements
• Antenna system can shift the signals before
  transmission at each of the successive elements
  for a composite effect
• Controlling signal phases
• A DSP weighting scheme
• This basic hardware and software concept is known
  as the phased array antenna

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MIMO(MULTIPLE INPUT MULTIPLE OUTPUT)

• Its the use of multiple antennas at both the
  transmitter and receiver to improve communication
  performance.

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ADVANTAGES

• Increased signal gain
• Better range/coverage
• Fewer base stations are needed which in turn
  reduces infrastructure cost
• Interference rejection load balancing
• Increased capacity
• Spatial diversity
• Multipath resolution
• Higher data rates

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Conventional
Smart Antenna
Power Distribution
Legacy RF System
Patented Smart Antenna Software
Power Distribution
Low Capacity
High Capacity
Signal
Interference from other users
High Complexity
Signal
Interference from other users
128W
Low Complexity
2 W
Power Level
Power Amplifier
Power Amplifier Module
Power Level
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APPLICATIONS
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