AGAP Crash Course Review

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• AGAP Crash Course Review

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100 Questions and Answers
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Number 1

• QUESTION Democratic principle that largest
  consensus be respected
• Each branch can limit power of others

ANSWER Majority Rule Checks and Balances
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Number 2

• QUESTION System with all power in central
  government
• System with power divided between central and
  regional governments

ANSWER Unitary System Federalism
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Number 3

• QUESTION Powers granted to the government by the
  Constitution
• Powers of the government to go beyond
  Constitution if necessary

ANSWER Expressed Powers Implied Powers
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Number 4

• QUESTION Powers granted to the states under 10th
  Amendment
• National and State governments working together
  on projects

ANSWER Reserved Powers Cooperative Federalism
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Number 5

• QUESTION Funds for a specific and clear purpose
• Funds for a broadly defined purpose

ANSWER Categorical Grants Block Grants
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Number 6

• QUESTION Rules to comply with federal guidelines
  
• Transfer responsibilities to states

ANSWER Mandates Devolution
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Number 7

• QUESTION Widely shared beliefs about politics
• Process of forming political values

ANSWER Political Culture Political
Socialization
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Number 8

• QUESTION Mass attitudes about leaders, issues
  and events
• Cohesive set of beliefs about government

ANSWER Public Opinion Political Ideology
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Number 9

• QUESTION Belief that participation makes a
  difference
• Voting for candidates of different parties

ANSWER Political Efficacy Split Ticket Voting
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Number 10

• QUESTION Group of citizens trying to win offices
  in elections
• Winning candidates receive majority but less than
  half

ANSWER Political Party Pluarlity Election
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Number 11

• QUESTION Majority party displaced by minority
• Historical period dominated by one party

ANSWER Party Realignment Party Era
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Number 12

• QUESTION Organization with members sharing views
  on policy
• Committee formed to raise money for campaigns

ANSWER Interest Group PAC
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Number 13

• QUESTION Institutions that connect citizens to
  government
• Tendency of media to follow polls instead of
  issues

ANSWER Linkage Horse-Race Journalism
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Number 14

• QUESTION Reallocation of seats in the House of
  Representatives
• Process by which state legislature redraws lines
  to ensure seats

ANSWER Redistricting Gerrymandering
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Number 15

• QUESTION Officeholder seeking reelection
• Congress right to mail newsletters at government
  expense

ANSWER Incumbent Franking Privilege
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Number 16

• QUESTION Permanent committees to handle
  legislation
• Temporary committees to resolve differences

ANSWER Standing Conference
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Number 17

• QUESTION Sets guidelines for floor debate
• Handles tax bills

ANSWER House Rules Committee House Ways and
Means
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Number 18

• QUESTION Casting votes based on constituents
  wishes
• Rule for reserving chairs based on service time

ANSWER Delegate Seniority
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Number 19

• QUESTION Delaying a course of action or talking
  a bill to death
• Motion to end a filibuster

ANSWER Filibuster Cloture
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Number 20

• QUESTION Mutual aid and vote trading among
  legislatures
• Congress review of exectuive activity

ANSWER Logrolling Oversight
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Number 21

• QUESTION Primary where voters are required to
  identify party
• Pattern of holding primaries early in year for
  attention

ANSWER Closed Frontloading
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Number 22

• QUESTION Contributions for party-building
  activities
• A tax-exempt group to influence political process

ANSWER Soft Money 527
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Number 23

• QUESTION Power to reject a bill
• Rejection of specific items from a budget

ANSWER Veto Line Item Veto
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Number 24

• QUESTION Pact between President and Foreign
  State
• Power to refuse confidential information while
  President

ANSWER Executive Agreement Executive Privilege
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Number 25

• QUESTION Directive issued by the President
• Period when a Presidents term is coming to an
  end

ANSWER Executive Order Lame Duck
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Number 26

• QUESTION Large complex organization of appointed
  officials
• Alliance among an agency, interest group and
  committee

ANSWER Bureaucracy Iron Triangle
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Number 27

• QUESTION Includes policy experts, media,
  staffers and interest groups
• Set of issues that policy makers consider
  important

ANSWER Issue Network Policy Agenda
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Number 28

• QUESTION Authority to hear a case from a lower
  court
• Tradition of only confirming lower court
  positions supported by Senator in that state

ANSWER Appellate Jurisdiction Senatorial
Courtesy
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Number 29

• QUESTION Order by Supreme Court to send up lower
  records
• Supreme Court rule to hear a case if four
  justices agree

ANSWER Writ of Certiorari Rule of Four
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Number 30

• QUESTION Responsible for handling appeals of
  behalf of the government
• Process of applying Bill of Rights to the states

ANSWER Solicitor General Selective
Incorporation
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Number 31

• QUESTION A brief filed by a friend of the court
• Latin phrase meaning let the decision stand

ANSWER Amicus Curiae Stare Decisis
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Number 32

• QUESTION Philosophy to use precedent or law to
  decide cases
• Philosophy to correct injustices by adjusting law

ANSWER Judicial Restraint Judicial Activism
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Number 33

• QUESTION Regulating Money Supply and Interest
  Rates
• Policy of taxing and spending

ANSWER Monetary Policy Fiscal Policy
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Number 34

• QUESTION Government programs to those who
  qualify
• Responsible for preparing the budget that the
  President presents to Congress

ANSWER Entitlements Office of Managament and
Budget
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Number 35

• QUESTION Protection from arbitrary acts of
  government
• Protection against discrimination

ANSWER Civil Liberties Civil Rights
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Number 36

• QUESTION Clause in First Amendment against
  government sponsored religion
• Clause in First Amendment that allows for freedom
  of religion

ANSWER Establishment Clause Free Exercise
Clause
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Number 37

• QUESTION Test established for free speech that
  poses threat
• Court order directing a prisoner be brought
  before court

ANSWER Clear-Present Danger Writ of Habeas
Corpus
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Number 38

• QUESTION Act that allows for punishment without
  court trial
• Law applied to an act before law was enacted

ANSWER Bill of Attainder Ex Post Facto
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Number 39

• QUESTION Prohibits illegally obtained evidence
  from court
• Warnings that police read to suspects of a crime

ANSWER Exclusionary Rule Miranda Rights
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Number 40

• QUESTION Rule that classification by race must
  be compelling
• Policy of positive steps to overcome past
  discrimination

ANSWER Strict Scrutiny Affirmative Action
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Number 41

• QUESTION Most important factor in Congressional
  elections due to identify and privileges

ANSWER Incumbency
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Number 42

• QUESTION System of divided power to decentralize
  conflicts and policy

ANSWER Federalism
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Number 43

• QUESTION Officials appointed by President and
  Confirmed by Senate based on credentials or
  litmus test

ANSWER Supreme Court Justices
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Number 44

• QUESTION Winner Take All System with a group of
  appointed electors selecting the President based
  upon popular vote

ANSWER Electoral College
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Number 45

• QUESTION Group supporting Democrats and Liberals
  since New Deal with higher voting rates among
  races

ANSWER African Americans
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Number 46

• QUESTION Lower than other democracies due to
  less efficacy and registration

ANSWER Voter Turnout
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Number 47

• QUESTION Occurs when President and Congress are
  controlled by different parties

ANSWER Divided Government
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Number 48

• QUESTION Group with increased impact on
  incumbent elections and campaign contributions

ANSWER PAC
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Number 49

• QUESTION Power that allows for checks and
  balances during the legislation process

ANSWER Veto
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Number 50

• QUESTION 15 Executive Departments with divided
  loyalty to President and goals of Department

ANSWER Cabinet
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Number 51

• QUESTION Event used by political parties to
  determine candidates for President

ANSWER Primaries
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Number 52

• QUESTION Legislative bodies that focus on
  lawmaking in a particular area and use seniority
  for chairs

ANSWER Committees
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Number 53

• QUESTION Documents in which Madison argued
  against factions in government

ANSWER Federalist Papers
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Number 54

• QUESTION Amendment that is further protected by
  Due Process and Selective Incorporation

ANSWER 14th Amendment
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Number 55

• QUESTION Most significant factor in forming
  political opinions

ANSWER Family
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Number 56

• QUESTION Event that takes place when voters
  change patterns of party loyalty

ANSWER Critical Election
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Number 57

• QUESTION Selection of these derives from
  appeals, writs and the rule of four

ANSWER Supreme Court Cases
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Number 58

• QUESTION Entity that plays a key factor in
  identifying public issues and influencing public
  opinion

ANSWER Mass Media
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Number 59

• QUESTION Document that established decentralized
  government with unicameral Congress unable to
  levy taxes

ANSWERArticles of Confederation
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Number 60

• QUESTION Group that determine district
  boundaries and ratify amendments

ANSWER State Legislatures
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Number 61

• QUESTION 1803 case that established judicial
  review

ANSWER Marbury v Madison
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Number 62

• QUESTION 1819 case that validated Supremacy of
  National Government

ANSWER McCulloch v Maryland
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Number 63

• QUESTION 1824 case that established the commerce
  clause to expand federal power

ANSWER Gibbons v Ogden
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Number 64

• QUESTION 1962 case that struck down state
  sponsored prayer in schools

ANSWER Engel v Vitale
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Number 65

• QUESTION 1971 case that established a test for
  funding to religious schools

ANSWER Lemon v Kurtzman
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Number 66

• QUESTION 1879 case that banned polygamy due to
  illegal activity

ANSWER Reynolds v US
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Number 67

• QUESTION 1990 case that banned use of illegal
  drugs in religious ceremonies

ANSWER Oregon v Smith 1990
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Number 68

• QUESTION 1919 case that established clear and
  present danger rule for free speech

ANSWER Schenck v US
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Number 69

• QUESTION 1964 case that established actual
  malice standard for public defamation

ANSWER NY Times v Sullivan
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Number 70

• QUESTION 1951 case that ruled obscenity is not
  free speech

ANSWER Roth v United States
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Number 71

• QUESTION 1969 case that protected student
  armbands as symbolic speech

ANSWER Tinker v Des Moines
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Number 72

• QUESTION 1989 case that ruled burning the flag
  is symbolic speech

ANSWER Texas v Johnson
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Number 73

• QUESTION 1833 case that rule Bill of Rights
  cant be applied to states

ANSWER Barron v Baltimore
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Number 74

• QUESTION 1925 case that established selective
  incorporation to apply Bill of Rights to states

ANSWER Gitlow v New York
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Number 75

• QUESTION 1914 case that established exclusionary
  rule in federal cases

ANSWER Weeks v United States
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Number 76

• QUESTION 1961 case that extended the
  exclusionary rule to the states

ANSWER Mapp v Ohio
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Number 77

• QUESTION 1963 case that ruled right to counsel
  should apply to all major crimes

ANSWER Gideon v Wainwright
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Number 78

• QUESTION 1966 case that established a rule for
  informing criminal suspects of their rights

ANSWER Miranda v Arizona
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Number 79

• QUESTION 1857 case that ruled slaves are not
  citizens until overturned by 14th Amendment

ANSWER Dred Scott v Sandford
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Number 80

• QUESTION 1896 case that upheld Jim Crow South
  with separate but equal distinction

ANSWER Plessy v Ferguson
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Number 81

• QUESTION 1954 case that reversed separate but
  equal doctrine in schools

ANSWER Brown v Board
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Number 82

• QUESTION 1978 case that ruled race as a plus
  factor to support Affirmative Action

ANSWER UCal v Bakke
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Number 83

• QUESTION 2003 case that upheld race
  consideration not quotas in college admissions

ANSWER Grutter v Bollinger
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Number 84

• QUESTION 1965 case that protected use of
  contraceptives as marital privacy

ANSWER Griswold v CT
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Number 85

• QUESTION 1973 case the ruled abortion as a right
  to privacy

ANSWER Roe v Wade
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Number 86

• QUESTION 1962 case that used one person one vote
  for legislative districts

ANSWER Baker v Carr
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Number 87

• QUESTION 1944 case that upheld limitation of
  civil liberties to support wartime necessities

ANSWER Korematsu v US
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Number 88

• QUESTION 1974 case that ruled no guarantee of
  executive privilege

ANSWER US v Nixon
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Number 89

• QUESTION 1976 case that upheld federal limits of
  campaign contributions

ANSWER Buckley v Valeo
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Number 90

• QUESTION 1963 case that upheld one person one
  vote leading to widespread redistricting

ANSWER Wesberry v Sanders
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Number 91

• QUESTION 1964 Act that ended Jim Crow South and
  prohibited discrimination based on 14th Amendment

ANSWER Civil Rights Act
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Number 92

• QUESTION 1965 Act that outlawed literacy tests
  and provided oversight of voter registration

ANSWER Voting Rights Act
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Number 93

• QUESTION 1970 Act that established national air
  quality standards

ANSWER Clean Air Act
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Number 94

• QUESTION 1972 Act that provided for equal
  opportunity among genders in school activities

ANSWER Title IX
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Number 95

• QUESTION 1973 Act that requires Congress consent
  in military deployment decisions

ANSWER War Powers Resolution
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Number 96

• QUESTION 1974 Act that established a more
  adequate budget process

ANSWER Budget and Impoundment Control Act
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Number 97

• QUESTION 1974 Act that led to stricter
  regulation of campaigns

ANSWER Federal Election Campaign Act
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Number 98

• QUESTION 1990 Act that required public
  facilities to make reasonable accommodations for
  people with handicaps

ANSWER Americans With Disabilities Act
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Number 99

• QUESTION 1996 Act that shifted welfare control
  to the states

ANSWER Welfare Reform Act
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Number 100

• QUESTION 2001 Act that expanded the search
  rights of suspected terrorists

ANSWER Patriot Act
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Score and Graph