AMIT JHA, Joint Secretary,

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Presentation AMIT JHA, Joint Secretary,
National Disaster Management Authority,
INDIA Asia Pacific Senior Leader Civil Military
Seminar at Honolulu, Hawaii, USA August 30
September 1, 2010
DISASTER RESPONSE IN INDIA
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Contents

• Trend of disasters-Global and Indian
• Disaster Management Act 2005 Indias New Vision
  on disaster management
• Preparedness and Capacity Building
• Coordinated Response-National Disaster Response
  Force
• Role of Police in D.M
• Civil Defence Role in D.M

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TREND OF NATURAL DISASTERS GLOBAL
1975-2005
INCIDENTS
Country-level Disasters
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WORLD VULNERABILITY PROFILE
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DISTRIBUTION OF NATURAL DISASTERS
JAPAN
ALASKA
CHINA
INDONESIA
USA
INDIA
AREA WISE EVENTS (1975-2001)
More than 260 events
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DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED
JAPAN
ALASKA
CHINA
INDONESIA
USA
INDIA
AFFECTED BY NATURAL DISASTERS (1975-2001)
Zero Affected
48 Million to One Billion Affected
One to 18 Million Affected
One Billion to 3.5 Billion Affected
18 to 48 Million Affected
More Than 3.5 Billion Affected
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INDIA ECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO DISASTERS
86,000 Cr
Losses in Thousand Crores
Annual- Impact on People 1. Losses in lives -
4334. 2. People affected - 30 Million. 3.
Houses lost - 2.34 Million.
Annual- Financial Losses 1. Percentage of GDP
2. 2, Percentage of Central Revenue (for
relief) 12.
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Major Disasters in India(1999-2009)
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Earthquake, Oct, 2005
MAJOR DISASTERS (1980-2005)
Earthquake Uttarkashi, 20 Oct 1991, Chamoli, 23
April 1999
Avalanche Feb 2005
Bhuj, Earthquake, 26 January, 2001
Flood, Assam Bihar 2004
Earthquake, Latur, 30 Sept 1993
Bhopal Gas Disaster, Dec 1982
S Cyclone 29 Oct 1999
Floods 26 July 2005
Tsunami 26 Dec 2004
Tsunami 26 Dec 2004
Tsunami 26 Dec 2004
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New Vision
Disaster Management Act

• DM Act 2005 Relief centric to Holistic
  approach to DM
• Build safer disaster resilient India
• Develop a proactive, multi-hazard technology
  driven strategy for DM
• Develop a culture of prevention, mitigation
  preparedness
• Ensure a prompt and efficient response mechanism

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Imperatives

• To achieve the new vision two imperatives
• Attitudinal Change To change mindset
• of all stakeholders
• Public Awareness/ Capacity building of
• all stakeholders

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Capacity Bldg/ Public Awarness

• Capacity Bldg is required at all levels
• Community needs to be sufficiently aware (Bhopal
  Gas)
• Administration needs to be sensitive to
  vulnerability of Disaster
• Research institutions need to transfer knowledge
  to the field
• NGOs need to be trained to handle disaster
  scenarios
• Corporate sector need to be made aware of their
  social responsibility.

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BANGLADESH CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS
A SUCCESS STORY (COX BAZAAR AREA)
Cyclones of Equal Intensity Approx 250Km/Hr
Even when Population had doubled
Losses of Lives

• UNICEF/ RED Cross supported Capacity Building
  Disaster Preparedness initiative
• Covering 3,500 Gram Sansads in 6 districts
• Capacity Building Programmes Community
  Preparedness/ Family Preparedness

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Role of Police in Disaster Management

• Perception Police has role only in crime
  and Law and Order duties
• Disaster Management- responsibility of Revenue
  Deptt.
• Ground Situation Police First Responder
  after community
• Defence Services Key role in major
  disaster with high praise

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Honble PMs address to IPS Probationers New
Delhi Jan 5, 2010

• Underlining the importance of law and order for
  sustained development of the country, the Prime
  Minister asked budding police officers to be
  well-versed in handling new challenges like
  cyber crimes and disaster management.

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Role of Police in DM Contd.

• Police entrusted with protection of life and
  property thus, greater role than Army.
• Basic Trg in SAR and MFR to police would
• mean professional approach in disaster
• scenario
• project a face of police with compassion
• enhance the image of police.
• Imperative Need to change mindset in higher
  echelons of police

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Response

• DM Act 2005
• National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
• Sec 44 (i) of the Act
• NDRF a Specialist Response Force
• Sec 45 of the Act
• General Superintendence, direction
• control of the Force with National DM
• Authority

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National Disaster Resp. Force

• 10 Battalions From Para-military Forces-BSF,
  CRPF, CISF ITBP
• A Specialist Response Force with
• - High skill training
• - State of the art equipment
• A Multi Disciplinary, multi skilled, high tech
  force for all types of disasters capable of
  insertion by Air, Sea Land

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NDRF Contd

• All 10 Bns to be equipped and trained for all
  natural disasters including CBRN Emergencies.
• Dedicated exclusively for Disaster Response
• Proactively available to States
• Need based pre-positioning of NDRF in States.

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NDRF LOCATIONS
Bhatinda
PATNA (PROPOSED)
GUWAHATI
Ghaziabad
KOLKATA
VADODARA
BHUBANESHWAR (Mundali)
PUNE (Talegaon)
VIJAYAWADA (PROPOSED)
Bns
CHENNAI (Arakkonam)
CBRN Bns
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Composition of NDRF Bns

• Each Bn to have 1149 personnel
• Each Bn to have 18 specialist teams of 45 members
  to handle natural NBC disasters.
• Each team of 45 to have 1 Doctor, 2 Engineers, 2
  paramedics, 1 technician, 1 electrician 1 Dog
  Squad.
• Total no.- 18 teams x 8 Bn 144 teams

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NDRF Specialised Training

• Search Rescue
• INSARAG (UNOCHA) Trg. Standard
• ADPC, Bangkok
• USAID PEER Programme
• Swiss Development Corpn, Berne
• Adv. SAR Trg. Florida (USA)
• Canine
• Royal Vet. Corp. (RVC), Indian Army
• Adv. Dog Handlers Trg. SDC, Berne

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NDRF Specialised Training Contd..

• 3. Helislithering
• IAF Base, Nahan (HQ)
• 4. Under Water Rescue
• Life saving society, Kolkata
• Sea Explorer Institute, Kolkata
• NBC Emergencies
• College of Military Engineering, Pune
• DRDE Gwalior
• Singapore Civil Def. Academy

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Role of NDRF

• Acquire and continually upgrade its own
• training and skills
• Impart basic and operational level training to
  State Response Forces (Police, Civil Defence and
  Home Guards)
• Assist in Community Training Preparedness
• Liaison, Reconnaisance, Rehearsals and Mock
  Drills.
• Proactive deployment during impending disaster
  situations
• Specialised Response

Non Disaster Period
Impending Disaster
During Disaster
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NDRF Response Activities
VISIBLE PART AT THE CUTTING EDGE LEVEL
KOSI FLOODS AUGUST 08
SAR OPERATION AT BELLARY, KARNATAKA, JANUARY 2010
Rescue During Pawna River Floods, PUNE
LANDSLIDE RESCUE, DARJEELING, JUN 09
AP KARNATAKA FLOODS OCT 09
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NDRF Community Trg/ Preparedness
6,74,831
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Capacity Building by NDRF
Community Sensitized by NDRF.
Govt. Boys Hr. Sec. Institute, BARAMULLA, 18
March 2010
NDRF Community Training, BIHAR, June July 2008
Mata Jai Kaur Public School, NEW DELHI, 05 May 09
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Mock Exercises by NDMA/ NDRF2006-2010

• Earthquakes 26 2006 02
• Floods 15 2007 15
• Cyclones 14 2008 37
• Chemical (Indust) 25 2009 30
• Urban Fire 11 2010 17
• Others 10 101
• 101

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NDMA Capacity Building Initiatives

• States/ UTs Covered 35.
• Districts Covered 84.
• Exercises Conducted on all Natural
  Disasters, Fire, Man-made Disasters and School
  Safety.

Delhi Metro, 26 March 2010
Cyclone, Porbander, 19 Jun 09
Flood, Bellary, 14 Sep 2009
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NDMA Capacity Building Initiatives
Mock Exercises
SURAT, HAZIRA, GUJARAT, 28 MARCH 2008
IOCL PANIPAT, HARYANA, 21 MAY 2010
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Advantage of Police in Disaster Response

• Central Assistance takes time to reach
• Local Police First to arrive at any disaster site
• Knowledge of local language
• Awareness of local sensitivities
• Knowledge of local resources

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Advantage of Police in Disaster Response ..Contd

• Familiarity with local terrain area
• Wider Reach Every village covered
• Well developed Communication System
• Pro-active availability
• Developed countries mostly have built their
  Disaster Response Capabilities at Local Country/
  Distt. Level

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State Police in Disaster Response

• NDMAs Vision
• Each state to train its own State Disaster
  Response Force (SDRF)Recommendation of DGP Conf.
  2006.
• SDRF to be raised by Trg. one Coy each of
  selected Armed Police Bns in phased manner.
• Each Police personnel to have basic exposure to
  concept of Disaster Management/ Response

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Capacity Building of Police in Disaster Response

• NDMAs Vision
• Each state to earmark one PTC for Disaster
  Response Trg.
• Train at least 2 trainers in the PTC in Disaster
  Response
• Provide minimum basic infrastructure equipment
  for Disaster Response in the PTC

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Capacity Building of Police in Disaster Response
(Contd)

• NDMAs Vision
• Introduce a 6 day capsule in the Basic Trg. of
  Constables and officers
• Syllabi for the 6 day capsule in Basic course
  designed by NDMA
• Also introduce at least 1 or ½ day sensitisation
  programme in Disaster Response in all in-service
  courses

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Capacity Building of Police in Disaster Response

• NDMAs Vision
• Trained SDRF Coy to be equipped
• NDMA to assist in finalisation of eqpt depending
  upon vulnerability of the state
• Specifications other details of identified
  eqpt to be provided by NDMA
• Funding for the eqpt for SDRF infrastructure
  for Dis. Resp. Trg in the PTC to be provided out
  of the 10 of CRF money meant for Capacity
  Building.

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ToT for State Police PTC

• Problem Areas
• Low priority of Police Authority towards ToT
  programme of Disaster Response Trg.
• Trainers sent for ToT lack aptitude for Trg. or
  do not meet the QR
• In most cases trainers, after ToT programme used
  in duties other than Trg.

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CIVIL DEFENCE
CD Act 1968

• Role of CD
• To provide protection to individuals, properties
  establishments against any hostile act in
  categorised CD towns
• No. of categorised towns
• Total no. 225
• Activated 125

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Current Scenario

• Geo-Political factor Less chances of
  traditional war
• New Challenges Natural calamities man-made
• disasters.
• Community
• First Responder
• Awareness/ Preparedness crucial
  to mitigate damage/ suffering
• CD a Community based
  voluntary orgn. may play imp. role

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Recommendations of Committees on CD

• GOM
• Suggested in depth review of the organization's
  effectiveness to meet new challenges in the
  contemporary scenario
• II. HPC J.C. Pant Committee
• A Comprehensive role fo the CD in a harmonized
  structure for DM.

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Proposed Role of CD

• Pre-Disaster
• Public Awareness
• Community Capacity Building
• (Trg in Search Rescue/ Medical First
• Response)
• During/ Post-Disaster
• Response
• Relief

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Key Recommendations

• CD to be integrated in DM framework at grass root
  level
• Town specific concept of CD to be changed to
  district specific covering the entire dist.
• CD coverage to be extended to all the 600 dists
  in 3 phases (3 Fin. Yrs)
• Multi hazard dists(241) to be given priority

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Key Recommendations Contd

• Encourage Pub-Pvt Partnership with involvement of
  Corporate sector
• CD to be a community-based voluntary organisation
• Measures to enhance self-esteem motivation of
  CD volunteers

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Proposed Responsibilities of CD

• Educating the community
• Civil Defence awareness in schools
• Sensitizing Govt servants
• Sensitizing Semi-Govt/ Pvt Sectors
• employees
• Self capacity building

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Approach

• To function under the aegis of SDMA/ DDMA
• Avail functional advantage of DM being Chairman,
  DDMA Controller of CD
• To function in close coordination with PRIs/
  RWAs/ Urban local bodies
• Synergising the resources of youth Orgns
  (NCC/NSS/NYKS etc) in DM roles
• Utilise the services of Home Guards also in DM
  role

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Prognosis

• The suggested approach will make CD an effective
  tool in the DM framework at grass toot level with
  the added advantages of
• Being from amongst the people
• With total concern for their own area

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Conclusion

• If the proposed scheme of Community Capacity
  building through Civil Defence infrastructure is
  implemented at the grass root level, the
  resultant saving in terms of loss of life and
  property in recurring disaster would far outweigh
  the suggested expenditure.

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Thank you