The Later Middle Ages T. McCarty

1
The Later Middle Ages

• By T. McCarty

2
Christianity and Medieval Society
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The Church Shapes Politics and Society

• Clergy- Church officials.
• Society-Everything was held at the
  church-including baptisms and weddings, key
  events in peoples lives.
• Politics-Church officials often became
  political advisors to local rulers.

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Monks and Friars
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Monks of the Cluny

• Religious order-Is a group of people who dedicate
  their lives to religion and follow common rules.
• Living apart from society-Most monks lived apart
  from society, but two new religious orders
  developed for those who wanted to live and teach
  among people.

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Friars

• Francis of Assisi-Founder of the Franciscan
  order.
• Friars-Members of religious orders who lived and
  worked among the general public.
• Living within society-Lived and taught among the
  people.

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Universities are Built
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Universities are Built

• Thomas Aquinas-Philosopher who showed how
  religious faith and reason could co-exist.
  Natural law-Thomas Aquinas concept that God
  created a law that governed how the world
  operated.
• Created by religious leaders-Scholars wanted to
  establish a connection between religious faith
  and intellectual reason.
• Students took tests then and now-Students took
  tests on various subjects like today.

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The Church and the Arts
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Religious Architecture

• Inspired by religious expression-The great Gothic
  cathedrals of late medieval Europe are among the
  most beautiful of all architectural achievements.
  Their spires and high ceilings and colorful
  stained glass windows are all designed to bring
  people closer to God. Everything inside the
  church, from the walls to the clergys robes to
  the books used, were also works of art.

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Magna Carta Causes Changes in England
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Magna Carta

• Who demanded this document was a group of English
  nobles.

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Effects of the Magna Carta

• What the effects of the Magna Carta were that
  the charter became a key principle of English
  government and an important step in the
  development of democracy.
• Three of the demands that were listed were that
  no one could be kept in jail without a reason.
  This is important because it allows a person to
  know why their going to jail. Another demand is
  that the king must obey the laws too. This is
  also important because it doesnt allow the king
  to gain to much power. A final demand is that
  they made King John approve a document listing
  rights the king could not ignore. Finally, this
  is important because the people gained their
  rights back.

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Changes After Magna Carta

• The Magna Carta inspired the nobles to force the
  king to respect their rights.
• Parliament is the lawmaking body that governs
  England.
• The king limited the Magna Carta by being faced
  with war and financial troubles, the kings turned
  to a council of nobles for advice and money.

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The Hundreds Years War
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The Course of the War

• French king dies with no family what so ever to
  take control of the throne.
• Two men claim the throne one of which was the
  king of England.
• The English take the lead by invading France and
  winning key battles.
• Joan of Arc was a teenage peasant girl who
  rallied the French troops and turned the tide of
  the Hundred Years War.

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Results of the War

• Changes in England was that the war helped
  increase the power of Parliament because the king
  needed Parliaments approval to raise money to
  pay for the war.
• Changes in France was that the kings power grew
  after the war.
• Democracy in France will have to wait because the
  kings power grew.

18
Black Death
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Where it Came From

• The plague originally came from central and
  eastern Asia.

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How it Spread

• Traders unknowingly brought rats carrying disease
  to Mediterranean ports. From there it quickly
  swept throughout much of Europe. Fleas that fed
  on infected rats passed on the plague to people.

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What Disease was it

• The disease the rats and fleas were carrying was
  Black Death also known as the Bubonic Plague.

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Effect on Manor Life and Feudalism/ How Many Died?

• The effect it had on manor life was that the old
  manor system , already weekend by the growth of
  cities, collapsed. Some historians think the
  Black Death killed a third of the
  population-perhaps 25 million people. This caused
  sweeping changes all over Europe.

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What Happened to it

• What happened to it was that people started to
  clean up.